Simulation of Organic Liquid Product Deoxygenation through Multistage Countercurrent Absorber/Stripping Using CO2 as Solvent with Aspen-HYSYS: Process Modeling and Simulation

In this work, the deoxygenation of organic liquid products (OLP) obtained through the thermal catalytic cracking of palm oil at 450 °C, 1.0 atmosphere, with 10% (wt.) Na₂CO₃ as a catalyst, in multistage countercurrent absorber columns using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) as a solvent, with an Aspen-HYSYS process simulator, was systematically investigated. In a previous study, the thermodynamic data basis and EOS modeling necessary to simulate the deoxygenation of OLP was presented. This work addresses a new flowsheet, consisting of 03 absorber columns, 10 expansions valves, 10 flash drums, 08 heat exchanges, 01 pressure pump, and 02 make-ups of CO₂, aiming to improve the deacidification of OLP. The simulation was performed at 333 K, 140 bar, and (S/F) = 17; 350 K, 140 bar, and (S/F) = 38; 333 K, 140 bar, and (S/F) = 25. The simulation shows that 81.49% of OLP could be recovered and that the concentrations of hydrocarbons in the extracts of absorber-01 and absorber-02 were 96.95 and 92.78% (wt.) on a solvent-free basis, while the bottom stream of absorber-03 was enriched in oxygenated compounds with concentrations of up to 32.66% (wt.) on a solvent-free basis, showing that the organic liquid products (OLP) were deacidified and SC-CO₂ was able to deacidify the OLP and obtain fractions with lower olefin contents. The best deacidifying condition was obtained at 333 K, 140 bar, and (S/F) = 17.     

The EURO-GANEX Process: Current Status of Flowsheet Development and Process Safety Studies

A new hydrometallurgical grouped actinide extraction process has been developed to separate the transuranic actinide ions from dissolved spent fuel solution (after an initial uranium extraction cycle). This “EURO-GANEX” process is aimed towards the homogeneous recycling of plutonium and minor actinides in a future closed fuel cycle. The separation process is based on the co-extraction of actinides and lanthanides from aqueous nitric acid into an organic phase followed by selective co-stripping of actinides. A suitable organic phase has been formulated and distribution ratios determined for lanthanides, actinides and some problematic fission products under extraction and stripping conditions. The process flowsheet has been proven on surrogate feed solutions as well as with spent fast reactor fuel; excellent recoveries of the actinides and good decontamination factors from the lanthanides and other fission products were obtained. A variation on the EURO-GANEX flowsheet (the “TRU-SANEX” process) has now been designed to produce separate Pu+Np and Am+Cm products for heterogeneous recycling. Progress on underpinning process chemistry and safety studies as well as flowsheet tests are summarized.     

质子交换膜燃料电池及其发电系统模拟

本文通过质子交换膜燃料电池单电池子模型、布气管子模型、流场子模型相互耦合,对电池堆传热传质过程加以数值模拟,得到单电池及电池堆的流场、温场、当地电流密度分布、过电位分布;给定平均电流密度下单电池及电池堆输出电压等参数;并比较了平均电流密度、布气管尺寸对电池输出电压、堆内反应物分配的影响;在此基础上,对整个ＰＥＭＦＣ发电系统进行流程模拟和参数分析,得到平均电流密度、重整器Ｓ／Ｃ等主要参数对系统性能影响．     

采用化学链式燃烧器的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统优化

化学链式燃烧器和固体氧化物燃料电池相结合的发电系统是一种新型联合循环。本文通过对包含更多可能结构的改进流程进行系统参数和流程同步优化,达到进一步提高循环性能的目的。     

Session 4 industrial needs for commercialization

Techno-economic modeling has been a valuable tool in directing and assessing the research and development efforts for biomass-to-ethanol processes. In developing a techno-economic model of a “generic” wood-to-ethanol process, we decided to follow a three-pronged design approach. This initially consisted of a detailed review of the current definition and technical maturity of the process, which concluded that the process remains complex and immature. More recently, we have critically assessed/compared two inherited models, and examined the historical and current trends in modeling design. We confirmed that process complexity and immaturity, in association with the capabilities of the available modeling tools and the ease with which they can be used, influenced the design and implementation of past models. We have discussed these influences with reference to our own model development decisions. For example, on review of two inherited techno-economic models, we decided that our new model would require a greater degree of flexibility in its structure and user interface.     

高功率半导体激光器测试系统

利用SGI40-125AAA型程控直流电源、PCI-GPIB卡、电压表、功率计表以及光谱仪等建立高功率半导体激光器测试系统,并在LabVIEW环境下开发了测试软件,通过软件控制直流电源、功率计表等仪器的触发输出、触发输入实现测试设备的同步工作,在保证测试准确性的同时,实现了快速(每个测试点的工作时间约300 ms)的扫描测试,在测试速度上比多个仪器单独测试有了明显提高。可以实现千瓦级连续工作半导体激光器的光功率P、电压V、电光转换效率η、阈值电流、光谱等参数的扫描测试。建立的测试系统准确度高,扫描速度快,测试软件界面操作方便,显示结果直观、全面。