New results in 2D optimal control theory

The infinite horizon optimal control problem is solved for 2D systems described by the Fornasini-Marchesini model. An ₂-approach permits us to reduce the optimal control problem to a norm minimization one in Hilbert spaces. Both necessary and sufficient conditions for solvability and the structure of the solution are established. Moreover, a comparison with known results is presented, and the singularities of the 2D Riccati equation are examined in order to characterize suboptimal control laws that apply whenever the solvability conditions are not satisfied.     

Detectability conditions for output-only subspace identification

ABSTRACT

The scope of output-only/blind identification is restricted to stochastic/statistical processes, but for the first time in this study, the detectability conditions for general output-only subspace identification are investigated. This aids the range of input sources to be extended in a much realistic manner, beyond the only stochastic inputs. For this purpose, the subspace framework is assigned to make a connection between the output signal contents and the LTI system order. A few substantial hypotheses and algebraic statements are propounded affirming the sufficiency of the genuine output sequences for the identification purpose. This can be perceived as the cornerstone of state-space model reconstruction. In order to consolidate the notions according to reality, several examples are studied and examined for different input classes with stochastic disturbance.     

Toward automatic evaluation of defect detectability in infrared images of composites and honeycomb structures

Non-destructive testing (NDT) refers to inspection methods employed to assess a material specimen without impairing its future usefulness. An important type of these methods is infrared (IR) for NDT (IRNDT), which employs the heat emitted by bodies/objects to rapidly and noninvasively inspect wide surfaces and to find specific defects such as delaminations, cracks, voids, and discontinuities in materials. Current advancements in sensor technology for IRNDT generate great amounts of image sequences. These data require further processing to determine the integrity of objects. Processing techniques for IRNDT data implicitly looks for defect visibility enhancement. Commonly, IRNDT community employs signal to noise ratio (SNR) to measure defect visibility. Nonetheless, current applications of SNR are local, thereby overseeing spatial information, and depend on a-priori knowledge of defect’s location. In this paper, we present a general framework to assess defect detectability based on SNR maps derived from processed IR images. The joint use of image segmentation procedures along with algorithms for filling regions of interest (ROI) estimates a reference background to compute SNR maps. Our main contributions are: (i) a method to compute SNR maps that takes into account spatial variation and are independent of a-priori knowledge of defect location in the sample, (ii) spatial background analysis in processed images, and (iii) semi-automatic calculation of segmentation algorithm parameters. We test our approach in carbon fiber and honeycomb samples with complex geometries and defects with different sizes and depths.     

红外卫星对通用高超滑翔导弹的可探测性分析

随着临近空间高超声速技术的迅猛发展和临近空间高超声速导弹的装备使用,新的军事威胁已成为现实。由于临近空间高超声速导弹飞行弹道低且具有机动飞行的特点,需要对它进行实时探测跟踪才有可能对其飞行弹道进行预测。受地球曲率等因素的影响,地面雷达系统对临近空间高超声速导弹的探测距离有限,且组网探测对雷达数量需求庞大,因此卫星探测是一种较好的手段。对美国当前大力发展的海陆军通用型高超声速滑翔体(Common Hypersonic Glide Body, C-HGB)的红外辐射特性进行了初步分析,并结合高轨红外预警卫星的探测能力,初步分析了预警卫星对处于滑翔飞行阶段的C-HGB的可探测性。结果表明,当前的高轨红外预警卫星难以实现对处于滑翔段的C-HGB的探测,所以需要改进卫星红外探测系统或者组建低轨卫星星座。     

Probabilistic fault grading based on activation checking and observability analysis

A simplified probabilistic fault grading method is described. The concept of propagation probability is introduced in place of the sensitization probability of STAFAN, and the empirical parameters of STAFAN are eliminated. The division of input vectors into subsets is monitored by the activation or toggle rate. The accuracy of the method is examined for fault coverage estimation and for predicting the undetected faults.     

Summary of ISO/TC 201 standard: ISO 19668—Surface chemical analysis—X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy—Estimating and reporting detection limits for elements in homogeneous materials

This International Standard specifies a procedure by which elemental detection limits in X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can be estimated from data for a particular sample in common analytical situations and reported. This document is applicable to homogeneous materials and is not applicable if the depth distribution of elements is inhomogeneous within the information depth of the technique.     

像面位置可调定焦距标星电视系统结构设计

为了标定试验设备空间位置,研制了一种像面位置可调的定焦距标星电视系统.星光经主镜和次镜反射后通过透镜组聚焦,成像在CCD靶面上;采用直线位移平台改变CCD靶面沿光轴方向的位置,直线位移误差不大于0.002 mm,解决了由于温度变形使星像偏离CCD靶面产生成像不清晰的问题.通过可见光探测标星试验验证,定焦距标星电视系统的...     

CS—244／344红外碳硫测定仪计量检定中的几个问题

探讨CS-244/344红外碳硫测定仪检定规程在实际运用中存在的几个问题及相应的对策。     

舰载红外系统对反舰导弹探测能力的计算模型

通过分析反舰导弹的红外辐射特征,给出了不同气象条件和传输路径上红外大气传输的衰减方程,然后给出舰载红外系统对反舰导弹红外探测能力的计算模型.在模型的求导过程中,考虑了光机扫描型和凝视型两种红外系统的不同,结合影响探测能力的多种因素,进一步完善了光机扫描型和凝视型红外系统的作用距离方程和目标发现概率计算模型,可对不同气象...     

原子吸收分光光度计计量检定中的几个问题

对原子吸收分光光度计计量检定中的几个问题作了一些探讨,并提出了相应的改进措施。