研究型大学本硕博贯穿式培养探索与实践

为顺应高等教育对高素质人才培养的迫切需求,从学生的核心诉求出发,探索和实践了本科生-硕士生-博士生贯穿式培养模式,提出了卓有成效的具体措施,包括改进现有培养方案、将人才培养与高水平科学研究相融合、建设人才梯队,有效提高了本科阶段与研究生阶段培养的连贯性,初步形成了本硕博贯穿式人才培养体系,为高等学校人才培养提供借鉴和参考。     

STUDIES ON PREPARATION OF INACTIVATED VACCINES FROM CELL CULTURES OF MINK ENTERITIS VIRUS (MEV) AND THEIR IMMUNITY

In this paper, superhigh reproductive rate strains of MEV with titre more than HA8192* or TCID50 log9.7 10 have been achieved both by cultivation in cell lines with different susceptibility to MEV and by isolating and identifying in field by the author. The systematic tests proved that S18 and L12 strains of MEV are the best strains for vaccine preparation. In this study, the best means for the tissue cultivation of MEV and the most advanced technological process for the production and detection of serum-free cell-cultured MEV fluids with super-high HA titre in batches in large quantities have been established for the first time. Optimum conditions for MEV inactivation were determined, and safe and effective inactivated vaccines with mineral oil or A1(OH)3 gel adjuvant were successfully prepared with serum-free cell-cultured MEV fluids. Both vaccines with different adjuvants can be manufactured in batches in large quantities and have been widely used all over China since 1986. The change laws of the imm     

Citric acid production from raw glycerol by acetate mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica

Three acetate mutants of the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica were screened using batch cultivation. The strain Y. lipolytica 1.31 was found to be the most suitable for citric acid production from raw glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production from rapeseed oil. At the initial concentration of glycerol of 200 g dm⁻³, the citric acid production of 124.5 g dm⁻³, yield of 0.62 g g⁻¹, and productivity of 0.88 g dm⁻³ h⁻¹ were achieved. Presented at the 33rd International Conference of the Slovak Society of Chemical Engineering, Tatranské Matliare, 22–26 May 2006.     

Solubility of 1-Butene in Water and in a Medium for Cultivation of a Bacterial Strain

Solubility measurements of 1-butene in water, from 20 to 50°C and at atmospheric pressure, were carried out using a Ben-Naim/Baer-type apparatus. The experimental results have a precision of about ±0.3%. Using accurate thermodynamic relations, the Ostwald coefficients at the experimental conditions and at infinite dilution, the mole fractions of the dissolved gas at the gas partial pressure of 101.325 kPa and the Henry coefficients at the water vapor pressure were calculated. The mole fraction of dissolved gas were fitted to the Clarke, Glew, and Weiss equation and thermodynamic quantities, standard molar Gibbs energy, entropy, and enthalpy changes, for the process of transferring the 1-butene molecules from the gaseous to the water phase, were computed. Moreover, solubility measurements of 1-butene in an aqueous medium for the cultivation of Xanthobacter Py2 in the same temperature range were also performed at atmospheric pressure. These solubility data are approximately 2.6% lower than those observed in pure water.     

Poly(2‐oxazoline) hydrogels crosslinked with aliphatic bis(2‐oxazoline)s: Properties,cytotoxicity, and cell cultivation

A series of hydrogels from 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline and three bis(2‐oxazoline) crosslinkers—1,4‐butylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline), 1,6‐hexamethylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline), and 1,8‐octamethylene‐2,2′‐bis(2‐oxazoline)—are prepared. The hydrogels differ by the length of aliphatic chain of crosslinker and by the percentage of crosslinker (2–10%). The influence of the type and the percentage of the crosslinker on swelling properties, mechanical properties, and state of water is studied. The equilibrium swelling degree in water ranges from 2 to 20. With a proper selection of the crosslinker, Young's modulus can be varied from 10 kPa to almost 100 kPa. To evaluate the potential for medical applications, the cytotoxicity of extracts and the contact toxicity toward murine fibroblasts are measured. The hydrogels with the crosslinker containing a shorter aliphatic exhibit low toxicity toward fibroblast cells. Moreover, the viability and the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells incubated inside hydrogels for 12 days are analyzed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1548–1559     

基于创新型化学专业学生培养的有机化学教学改革与实践

基于创新型化学专业学生培养,兰州大学有机化学课程持续进行教学改革与实践,本文从有机化学课程目标、改革举措、创新特色、教学评价及改革成效等方面进行了总结,以进一步提高课程教学质量。     

持续推进人才培养基地建设实现化学创新人才高质量培养

吉林大学化学学科自建立伊始,以创新型化学及相关交叉学科人才为根本目标,历经1993年开始的国家理科基础科学研究和教学人才培养基地建设、2009年开始的“基础学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”实施、2020年的“基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0基地”建设与基础学科招生改革试点(强基计划)的实施,通过近30年化学基地的持续建设,形成了具有吉大特色的以“厚基础、强能力、会创新”的化学创新人才培养模式。围绕基地持续建设过程中如何针对学科发展以及学生知识结构的变化,不断推进拔尖班、强基班的教学管理模式与课程体系建设,打造高水平师资队伍、加大优质课程建设、探索国家化培养模式等进行介绍。     

吉林大学化学学科国际化人才培养模式的探索与实践

吉林大学化学学科作为国家“双一流”建设学科,始终将一流人才的培养作为不懈追求发展的根本目标。充分利用海外优质教育资源,建设与实施多元化、特色化的海外优质课程和国际交流项目,通过搭建外延式实践平台,支持能力阶梯式增长,为培养具有创新意识、实践能力、国际竞争力和家国情怀的高素质人才构建了多层次、国际化的创新人才培养模式,培养了大批化学领域的杰出人才。     

创新流体实验仪器,探索创新型人才培养

实验教学是理论联系实践的关键环节,对于学生的综合素质培养和提高有重要意义,而传统的实验教学模式已难以满足社会对工程应用型创新人才的要求.本文结合流体力学实验教学改革实践,探讨了改进自制流体力学实验仪器设备对提升大学生创新精神和创新能力的作用.创新化的实验教学,有助于激发学生自主实验的积极性,进而增强了他们应用已学知识解...     

化学概念教学中学生归纳与演绎思维的培养*——基于对“电解质”概念教学的分析

归纳与演绎思维在化学概念的形成、巩固和应用过程中发挥着重要作用,化学概念教学中归纳与演绎思维的培养要遵循生为主体师为主导、概念教学与思维培养相统一、思维培养和概念教学循序渐进、归纳演绎与分析综合相结合的原则。以“电解质”概念的教学为例,分别从化学概念教学中归纳思维的培养和演绎思维的培养等2个维度对具体培养路径进行了阐释。