干扰条件下的“北斗”信号解扩重构DOA估计

在干扰条件下，卫星导航抗干扰波束形成算法往往需要卫星信号波达方向（Direction-of-Arrival，DOA）的先验信息。但当存在低信噪比信号或主动干扰源时，常规的DOA估计算法性能急剧下降甚至失效。针对此问题，提出了一种被干扰信号压制的低信噪比“北斗”信号的DOA估计算法。该算法首先通过对接收信号进行子空间投影抑制干扰信号，然后对抑制干扰后的信号进行解扩重构处理，最后通过多重信号分类算法完成对“北斗”信号的DOA估计。仿真结果表明，在干扰信号干信比80 dB条件下，“北斗”信号DOA估计误差在5°以内，为下一步进行波束形成计算提供了高精度的入射角信息。     

Game of two cars: Case of variable speed

A stochastic version of Isaacs's (Ref. 1) game of two cars is dealt with here. In this version, the pursuer, owing to thrust and drag forces, has a variable speed, whereas the evader's speed is constant. Also, the pursuer can maneuver as long as his speed is bounded by some lower and upper limits. The probability of interception, corresponding to optimal (saddle-point) feedback strategies, is computed and serves as a reference for evaluating the performance of four different versions of the proportional navigation pursuit law as well as two other strategies.     

Biomagnetic measurements utilising a superparamagnetic marker: a feasibility study

Summary A preliminary study is here reported on a new potential marker for biomagnetic measurements. The marker consists of superparamagnetic polymer microspheres which were detected in the presence of external steady magnetic fields by means of an r.f.-SQUID magnetometer. The particles were prepared in samples differing in the concentration value and immersed in a homogeneous magnetic field of variable intensity. A simple model was taken into account for the distribution of the microspheres in the samples, so that the theoretical values were compared to the marker field values measured by the biomagnetic sensor. The overall sensitivity of the experimental apparatus and the minimum concentration value of the marker were then estimated.     

Real-time 3D multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using 3D LiDAR point cloud for mobile robot

Mobile robots are used in modern life; however, object recognition is still insufficient to realize robot navigation in crowded environments. Mobile robots must rapidly and accurately recognize the movements and shapes of pedestrians to navigate safely in pedestrian-rich spaces. This study proposes real-time, accurate, three-dimensional (3D) multi-pedestrian detection and tracking using a 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud in crowded environments. The pedestrian detection quickly segments a sparse 3D point cloud into individual pedestrians using a lightweight convolutional autoencoder and connected-component algorithm. The multi-pedestrian tracking identifies the same pedestrians considering motion and appearance cues in continuing frames. In addition, it estimates pedestrians' dynamic movements with various patterns by adaptively mixing heterogeneous motion models. We evaluate the computational speed and accuracy of each module using the KITTI dataset. We demonstrate that our integrated system, which rapidly and accurately recognizes pedestrian movement and appearance using a sparse 3D LiDAR, is applicable for robot navigation in crowded spaces.     

Ultrawideband coupled relative positioning algorithm applicable to flight controller for multidrone collaboration

In this study, we introduce a loosely coupled relative position estimation method that utilizes a decentralized ultrawideband (UWB), Global Navigation Support System and inertial navigation system for flight controllers (FCs). Key obstacles to multidrone collaboration include relative position errors and the absence of communication devices. To address this, we provide an extended Kalman filter-based algorithm and module that correct distance errors by fusing UWB data acquired through random communications. Via simulations, we confirm the feasibility of the algorithm and verify its distance error correction performance according to the amount of communications. Real-world tests confirm the algorithm's effectiveness on FCs and the potential for multidrone collaboration in real environments. This method can be used to correct relative multidrone positions during collaborative transportation and simultaneous localization and mapping applications.     

INS/CNS/GPS组合导航数据融合算法与仿真研究

研究了INS/CNS/GPS组合导航系统的原理和特点,建立了组合导航系统的数学模型。分别利用集中卡尔曼滤波和联邦滤波数据融合原理对此系统进行了仿真研究,并指出了集中滤波器的不足之处。仿真结果表明采用全球定位系统和天文导航系统对惯导系统误差进行修正不仅可以大幅度提高导航精度,而且通过比较和分析可知联邦滤波可以有效地提高导航系统的可靠性和复原能力,是理想的容错型信息融合算法。     

基于HCS12单片机的智能导航系统的设计

智能化和信息化是未来汽车的发展趋势,汽车的电子化程度被看作是现代汽车水平的重要标志.本文针对现代汽车的智能化要求设计了基于HCS12单片机的智能导航系统.系统以单片机HCS12和光电传感器为核心配合各外围电路模块实现自动寻迹功能.文中给出了各功能模块的硬件电路框图和软件设计思路.实验结果证明,该智能车导航系统能很好地满足小车在前进过程中对速度调节的快速响应和稳态误差小的要求.     

星基增强系统接收机中的导航比特同步设计与性能仿真

星基增强系统(SBAS)中导航电文速率为500符号/秒,针对其弱信号时找导航比特边界难的特点,提出了基于最大似然算法的比特同步算法,给出了在SBAS接收机中比特同步的应用公式和实现方法,并进一步创新性地设计了包含有软判决和多次判决的比特同步综合流程;最后在多种导航比特分布的情形下,对最大似然比特同步算法进行了不同载噪比下的性能仿真,确认了此算法在接收信号很弱时仍然有效。     

新型自适应Kalman滤波算法及其应用

为防止滤波发散和提高系统的实时性,提出了一种新的自适应Kalman滤波算法.该算法利用滤波异常判据获得一个滤波状态因子,通过滤波状态因子确定量测噪声协方差阵的值,在线调整噪声的统计特性实现自适应滤波.将该算法应用到惯导/双星组合导航系统中,并和常规Kalman滤波和简化的Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法进行仿真比较.仿真结果表明,在滤波精度与简化Sage-Husa自适应滤波相当的情况下,新算法简化了运算,提高了实时性.     

Modeling and analysis for multilayered complex communication network of satellite navigation system

This study is extended to construct the network model, the node model, and the link model of complex communication network for satellite navigation system (CCN‐SNS) based on the hierarchical architecture. Firstly, a method called snapshots was proposed to describe the dynamic topology for CCN‐SNS; secondly, another method was put forward to model the different nodes of the CCN‐SNS; thirdly, the different links between every two different nodes were modeled. Therefore, based on the OPNET tools, a simulation for the CCN‐SNS, which contains the models that proposed earlier used to analyze the navigation accuracy and network transmission performance, was performed.