质子化丙酮分子团簇的结构和振动光谱

用密度泛函B3LYP/ 6 3 1G(d)方法 ,对质子化丙酮分子团簇 (CH3COCH3) nH+ (n =1～ 7)弱相互作用体系进行了全自由度能量梯度优化 ,得到了该系列团簇的稳定结构及其对应的体系能量 .通过对构型的分析得出了质子化丙酮分子团簇 (CH3COCH3) nH+ (n =1～ 7)的生长规律 .计算了中性丙酮分子团簇体系的质子亲合能并总结出其变化趋势 .分析讨论了质子化团簇的红外振动光谱 ,发现质子化团簇的振动光谱普遍较中性环型团簇的振动光谱复杂 ,最强的振动峰来源于质子在溶剂壳中两个氧原子之间的振动 ,而且随着团簇尺寸的增加羰基的伸缩振动峰的数目也随之增多     

基于背景先验与中心先验的显著性目标检测北大核心CSCD

针对传统的图流行排序显著性目标检测算法存在先验信息单一,显著目标检测不完整的问题,提出一种新的基于背景先验与中心先验的显著性目标检测算法。首先将图像边界节点作为背景种子进行流行排序获得粗略的前景区域,将其再次流行排序得到初步显著图;然后利用Harris角点检测、聚类实现中心先验显著性检测,捕获中心显著信息;最后在初步显著图上融合图像中心显著性,得到最终显著图。本文对综合指标、精确率-召回率曲线、F-measure值以及平均绝对误差(mean absolute error,MAE)值进行实验评估,在公开数据集MSRA-10K和ECSSD上进行的实验结果表明:对比10种主流算法,本文算法在不同的评估指标上都具有较好的表现,且能准确地突出显著目标,提升背景抑制效果。     

HPLC of antibiotics. 1. Streptolydigin and related compounds

Two new acyltetramic acids related to streptolydigin have been isolated from fermentations of Streptomyces lydicus. The principal members of this complex were resolved by TLC on silica gel. However, the methods of detection, permanganate spray or bioautography, were not suitable for both crude fermentation broths and purified extracts. Gas chromatography is unsuitable for the detection of either underivatized or silylated streptolydigins. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) particularly on triethylaminoethyl cellulose is rapid and sensitive and is the method of choice for the analysis of both crude and purified samples. Using high performance liquid chromatography, two components were detected in the complex, which are not observed using any of the other chromatographic procedures.     

Some difficulties for Clifton,Redhead, and Butterfield's recent proof of nonlocality

Clifton, Redhead, and Butterfield have recently produced a generalization of the new non-locality proof due to Greenberger, Horne, and Zeilinger. Their proof is intended to have certain advantages over the standard Belltype arguments. One of these is that, although the proof allows for causally relevant apparatus hidden variables, it avoids the need for making certain standard locality assumptions about those parameters. On closer inspection, the part of the proof which supposedly removes the need for such assumptions is shown to rest on a fallacy. This renders the proof invalid. Two other, related difficulties are explored along the way.1. CRB actually provide two nonlocality proofs, but our concern here is with the first.2. Cf. p.173 for a precise formulation of these. (Any references in these footnotes are to [1].) Note that, due to the way CRB define the µ's, these conditions are not entirely independent.3. Cf. p.174. Note that CRB claim to alt="ldquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">derive the independence of outcomes from apparatus existents via our other assumptions without imposing any other conditions on their distributions,alt="rdquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> citing Lemma 2, which we shall object to in Sec. 4 below. This should be given a careful reading; Lemma 2 only purports to derive the statistical independence of outcomes fromlocal (i.e., nearby) apparatus hidden variables. The independence of outcomes fromdistant apparatus hidden variables is assumed, rather, in OL.4. Here, and in many places, I shall rely on [1] for the details.5. CRB have endorsed this definition of M (personal correspondence).6. More precisely, those values of alt="lambda" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> do so for alt="ldquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">at least one possible quadruple of apparatus existents, and measurement results; and foruncountably many setting quadruplesalt="rdquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> in alt="THgr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> (p.167).7. Given CRB's way of defining the µ's so as to include the information found in the alt="theta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">'s, the terms in OF and most of those in OL would actually be ill-defined in most cases (for each alt="lambda" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">) inany theory. This is simply because the measuring devices cannot be set to measure in two different directions at once. However, it should be possible to remedy that situation by simply redefining µ so that it includes only information about the state of the apparatus not covered by alt="theta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">.8. CRB endorse the first of these two suggestions (personal correspondence).9. I have omitted the arguments fromA,B,C andD. Wherever they appear without arguments they will implicitly have the three with which they were first introduced. Note that M⁺ should ideally be indexed by alt="lambda" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and alt="theta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">, as there is no reason to think that all the same members of M will makeABCD = +1 for different values of alt="lambda" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0"> and alt="theta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">.10. Cf. note 6 above.11. Note that in light of this objection to their proof, we can see that CRB also fail to establish the link they claim exists between TF, strict correlations, and the condition they call alt="ldquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">TFalt="rdquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">.TF is the four-particle analogue of the conjunction of Shimony's alt="ldquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">outcome independencealt="rdquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> and his alt="ldquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">parameter independencealt="rdquo" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"> (p.162). They rest their claim about the link on Lemma 2 (pp.162 and 165).     

A New Taraxastane‐Type Triterpene from Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia

3‐Oxotaraxer‐14‐en‐30‐al ( 1 ), a new taraxastane‐type triterpene, together with 14 known compounds, taraxerone ( 2 ), 3‐epiursolic acid ( 3 ), 2α,3β‐dihydroxyurs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid ( 4 ), lupeol ( 5 ), betulinic acid ( 6 ), casticin ( 7 ), artemetin ( 8 ), luteolin ( 9 ), 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid ( 10 ), docosanoic acid ( 11 ), tetracosanoic acid ( 12 ), cerotic acid ( 13 ), β‐sitosterol ( 14 ), and β‐daucosterol ( 15 ), was isolated from the leaves and twigs of Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia . Compounds 2 – 6 were found for the first time in this plant. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D‐NMR techniques. Cytotoxic activities of compounds 3 , and 5 – 10 were tested on the three cancer cell lines, PANC‐1, K562, and BxPC‐3. Results revealed that 7 exhibited cytotoxicity against PANC‐1, K562, and BxPC‐3, with IC₅₀ values of 4.67, 0.72, and 4.01 μg/ml, respectively, whereas 8 was inactive against these cancer cell lines. The structure? activity relationship of compound 7 and 8 indicated that the 3′‐OH group in polymethoxyflavonoids is essential for antitumor activity.     

白光再现多色体积全息图的研制

指出用体积全息制作工艺图片的拍摄方法和用三乙醇胺水溶液预处理干版,在曝光和相应的化学处理后,乳胶的厚度被改变,因而也改变了体积光栅的波长,使再现全息像的颜色发生变化。还报道了三乙醇胺水溶液的浓度与再现全息像颜色的实验关系,在同一干版上制作不同或多种颜色全息图案的方法;如何补偿由于干版不同颜色部分的乳胶收缩不同而造成的再现图像衍射效率的不同。     

一种光通信系统中基于16-QAM的LDPC编码调制方案

设计了一种适用于16-QAM( quadrature amplitude modulation)系统的LDPC(low density parity check)级联编码调制方案。方案采 用了 本文所设计的一种低复杂度的软解调与二进制LDPC结合的算法,降低译码复杂度并增加方 案的实用性;同时方案 兼容当前OUT-4帧的级联码结构,这样可以利用级联码巧妙有效地解决LDPC码的错误平层问 题。仿真结果表明,本文 提出的LDPC级联编码调制方案,在误码率(BER)为10－8时,较G.709标准中的RS(255,9)的NCG(net code gain) 提高了2.8dB;同时,较ITU-T G.975.1标准 中两种码率相近的RS(255,9)+CSOC(n/k=7/6,J=8) 级联码和正交级联BCH码,在BER为10 －8时, 本文方案的NCG分别提高了1.3dB和0.2dB,且冗余度较两种方 案都低。此外,本文方案实现了3.28bits/symbol的SE (spectra l efficiency)。在BER为10－8时 ,本文方案较频谱效率低 于它的4-QAM、8-QAM以及8-QAM-RS(255,9)分别有着3.5、6.4和2dB的增益 。比较标准中建议的FEC(forward error correction)方案,本文提出的方案在NCG和SE两方面性能上都有所提升。     

平面应变条件下孔洞化不稳定性问题研究

考虑平面应变条件下，由一类推广的幂次neo—Hookean材料组成的内部分布温度场的圆柱体在轴向和径向载荷作用下的孔洞化不稳定性问题，研究中发现当材料参数满足一定的条件时，存在着一个载荷临界值，当外加载荷大于该临界值时，圆柱体中心将出现一个圆柱形的孔洞，即发生了孔洞化不稳定性现象并详细讨论了温度和材料参数对孔洞化极限载荷的影响。     

基于色谱–光谱联用和斜投影法分析丹皮酚含量

将色谱–光谱仪联用(HPLC–UV)法与斜投影法结合,建立了丹皮酚含量快速分析方法。通过色谱–光谱联用采集丹皮酚结晶母液的紫外多波长光谱三维数据,构建不含丹皮酚的背景数据库以及丹皮酚光谱数据库,基于斜投影法步骤测定了批量样本中丹皮酚含量。结果表明:该方法计算结果和高效液相色谱分析结果接近,相对误差小于5.0%。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.4%~1.0%(n=5),回收率为98.8%~101.3%。该方法快速、准确,操作简单,可为丹皮酚结晶产品及各种制剂质量控制提供可行方案。