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1.
2.
主要研究在高空核爆的双指数类型电磁脉冲平面波入射时,地面附近的电磁脉冲环境。计算给出了在不同入射波状态,不同地表介质电气特性和距地面不同高度等条件下的电磁脉冲环境参数,归纳了一些规律性认识。结果显示:地面附近的电场会随距地面高度的不同而发生显著的变化,对于水平场分量,其反射场总是试图抵消入射场,而对于垂直场分量,其反射场叠加在入射场上,使得地面附近的垂直场强幅值一般大于入射波场强幅值;当入射波仰角增大时,合成电场波形的脉冲宽度会变宽;地表介质的电气特性参数不同也会对地面附近电场的波形和幅值造成一定的影响。 相似文献
3.
E. A. Sokolov S. D. Babenko N. P. Piven’ A. N. Ponomarev 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1997,46(4):826-828
Experimental results related to the transition of spontaneous polymerization of acrylamide complexes with metal nitrates to
the “explosive” regime at room temperature are presented. It is suggested that the “explosion” has a thermal nature.
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 859–861, April, 1997. 相似文献
4.
5.
Denisov V. I. Denisova I. P. Svertilov S. I. 《Theoretical and Mathematical Physics》2004,138(1):142-149
We consider the effect that the gravitational field of a neutrino pulse radiated in the collapse of presupernova nuclei has on the observable optical radiation spectra of atoms at the supernova surface. We show that at the modern level of development of experimental methods, neutrino monitoring supplemented by optical monitoring of supernova candidates provides a unique possibility to check whether the Einstein equivalence principle is satisfied for neutrinos of each of the three types (electron, muon, and tau-lepton) and their antiparticles, to estimate the change of the gravitational potential at the surface of the star at the instant of the neutrino radiation pulse, and to obtain upper limits on the mass values of these neutrinos in a new way. 相似文献
6.
Summary Nonstationary regimes of the wave turbulence evolution are considered in the framework of isotropic kinetic equation. It is
predicted analytically and confirmed by numerical experiment that there is a class of wave systems in which any initial distribution
of the turbulence energy ink-space comes into a universal, Kolmogorovtype spectrum in a finite time. Before and after the formation of the Kolmogorov
spectrum, two different self-similar regimes of evolution occur: the first one is responsible for explosively forming the
universal spectrum and the second one determines energy dissipation. 相似文献
7.
V. N. Manuilov T. Idehara M. Kamada T. Hayashi La Agusu T. Kanemaki K. Yatsui Wiehua Jiang 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2006,27(9):1183-1193
High power Large Orbit Gyrotron (LOG) [1] is now under development at FIR FU. First version of this device was recently manufactured
and then assembled with power supply ETIGO-IV [2]. Results of preliminary tests of electron-optic system are presented. The
conditions when stableflat form of current pulse realized are discussed. Analytical estimations of cathode-anode distance
to achieve small influence of cathode plasma during high voltage (HV) pulse are performed.
Two new electron gun versions with decreased influence of the cathode plasma on its impedance and pulse form are suggested
and optimized. New optimal magnetic field distributions are found. First gun has quiasi-flat cathode configuration near the
anode diaphragm and provides operating current about 60 A. Second one uses blade cathode with operating current about 30 A.
Beam quality for both guns is suitable for LOG operation. 相似文献
8.
R.-L. Yun Y.-M. Chang C.-H. Lin K.-H. Hu C.-M. Shu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,85(1):107-113
In industrial processes, information
on the safety property of chemicals is essentially crucial for safe handling
during unit operations. Ensuring the safe use of combustible or flammable
substances in processes is unlikely without detailed investigations of their
flammability characteristics and related hazards. We studied 3-methyl pyridine
(3-picoline), e.g., flammability limits (LFL/UFL), maximum explosion pressure
(P
max), maximum
explosion pressure rise (dP/dt)max, minimum oxygen concentration
(MOC), vapor deflagration index (K
g),
and characterized the influence of inert steam (H2O)
on critical parameters for 3-picoline/water mixtures at 270°C, 1 atm,
various oxygen concentrations, and vapor mixing ratios (100/0, 30/70, 10/90
and 5/95 vol.%) with a 20-L-Apparatus in simulated conditions, respectively.
The results showed that the flammability characteristics
of 3-picoline(aq) all increased with the oxygen concentration.
However, as the composition of inert steam increased, the flammability parameters
and the degree of fire and explosion hazards were significantly reduced, instead.
This study elucidated the flammability properties of 3-picoline mixed with
inert steam. The conclusions could be applied to proactively prevent the relevant
processes from incurring fire and explosion accidents. 相似文献
9.
Enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials using simultaneous ball milling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mais Ursula Esteghlalian Ali R. Saddler John N. Mansfield Shawn D. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2002,98(1-9):815-832
One of the limiting factors restricting the effective and efficient bioconversion of softwood-derived lignocellulosic residues
is the recalcitrance of the substrate following pretreatment. Consequently, the ensuing enzymatic process requires relatively
high enzyme loadings to produce monomeric carbohydrates that are readily fermentable by ethanologenic microorganisms. In an
attempt to circumvent the need for larger enzyme loadings, a simultaneous physical and enzymatic hydrolysis treatment was
evaluated. A ball-mill reactor was used as the digestion vessel, and the extent and rate of hydrolysis were monitored. Concurrently,
enzyme adsorption profiles and the rate of conversion during the course of hydrolysis were monitored. α-Cellulose, employed
as a model substrate, and SO2-impregnated steam-exploded Douglas-fir wood chips were assessed as the cellulosic substrates. The softwood-derived substrate
was further posttreated with water and hot alkaline hydrogen peroxide to remove >90% of the original lignin. Experiments at
different reaction conditions were evaluated, including substrate concentration, enzyme loading, reaction volumes, and number
of ball beads employed during mechanical milling. It was apparent that the best conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of
α-cellulose were attained using a higher number of beads, while the presence of air-liquid interface did not seem to affect
the rate of saccharification. Similarly, when employing the lignocellulosic substrate, up to 100% hydrolysis could be achieved
with a minimum enzyme loading (10 filter paper units/g of cellulose), at lower substrate concentrations and with a greater
number of reaction beads during milling. It was apparent that the combined strategy of simultaneous ball milling and enzymatic
hydrolysis could improve the rate of saccharification and/or reduce the enzyme loading required to attain total hydrolysis
of the carbohydrate moieties. 相似文献
10.
电网因其在电能传输方面的关键性作用,在我国民生项目建设领域一直扮演着至关重要的角色。电网杆塔上的绝缘子一旦发生自爆(也称“缺陷”),绝缘子会自动剥落,输电线路就会产生安全隐患,严重时会降低输电线路的运行寿命,甚至会引发供电中断,发生大范围的停电事故,造成巨大的财产损失。目前,主流的巡检方法为人工巡检,该方法不仅耗时耗力,而且也存在一定主观出错率,已不适用于目前电路巡检的实际情况。本设计采用YOLO V5网络模型,对无人机航拍影像中绝缘子串及绝缘子自爆进行自动识别。首先通过平移、翻转、裁剪等,对航拍绝缘子影像数据集进行数据增广,并对增广后的数据集在LabelImg中进行标注,然后利用YOLO V5网络模型对绝缘子串及绝缘子自爆进行识别,最后采用PyQt5框架在PyCharm中设计了绝缘子自爆识别的系统界面,对模型进行调用,实现了绝缘子串及绝缘子自爆识别。本设计采用从网络上下载、国家电网提供、数据增广所得到的500张无人机航拍影像作为数据集,对所得数据集进行人工标注,再使用YOLO V5网络模型进行训练和测试,结果表明YOLO V5网络模型对绝缘子串具有较高的识别精度,最高识别精度为90.2%,对绝缘子自爆的最高检测精度为80.8%。这说明了YOLO V5网络模型在绝缘子串识别方面有较好的表现,但是由于训练集中绝缘子自爆的样本影像数量有限,所以该网络模型对绝缘子的自爆识别存在一定局限性,本实验能够部分代替人力实现电网绝缘子智能巡检,提高了检测效率。 相似文献