slow release rubber formulations containing ZnSO4

Styrene butadiene (SBR) and natural rubber (NR) can be used as binding matrices to control the release of zinc (Zn) which is a micro-nutrient for plants. The leaching rate of zinc in an aqueous medium depends on the concentration of zinc sulphate loaded in the two types of rubber used, the temperature of the surrounding environment and the pH of the aqueous medium. Water uptake was increased with increasing concentration of ZnSO₄. The sustained release of zinc ions from the investigated formulations was prolonged for over five months. The mechanical properties of the vulcanizates were affected as the concentration of zinc sulphate changed.     

新型电谐振人工异向介质抑制阵列天线单元间互耦

基于电谐振原理和镜像原理设计了一种周期性接地边耦合SRRs(split ring resonators)结构的新型电谐振人工异向介质,进而将该人工异向介质应用于抑制微带阵列天线元间的互耦.与传统微带阵列天线中的用于抑制互耦的电磁结构相比,该人工电磁结构不仅体积小(厚度仅为0·005λ0),而且能获得优异的阵列单元间互耦抑制性能(抑制度达16·8dB).该研究成果表明人工异向介质在高密度高性能微带天线阵列设计中具有良好的应用潜能.     

一种新颖的开口环地面缺陷结构低通滤波器

提出了一种新颖的具有陡峭边带和宽阻带的小型化低通滤波器.通过把开口谐振环地面缺陷结构(Split-Ring Resonator Defected Ground Structure,SRR DGS)与阶梯阻抗梳状谐振器结合,提高了滤波器的选择特性,同时获得了宽阻带.对所提出的结构作了加工并进行了实物测量,测试结果表明:滤波器选择特性大于160 dB/GHz,在2.98 GHz到8.2 GHz范围内抑制度大于20 dB,而占用面积仅为20×25 mm~2.     

Dual band microstrip patch antenna array loaded with split ring resonators and via holes

Reduction in antenna size by using multi-band radiators play a vital role in the miniaturization of present world wireless handheld devices, as dual band behaviour of the antennas result in the integration of more than one communication standard in a single system and thus, saving the installation space required for separate antennas. In this context, this communication presents a shorted-pin dual band metamaterial inspired microstrip patch antenna array. Under the unloaded conditions, the traditional patch antenna array resonates at 5.8 GHz with gain of 9.8 dBi and bandwidth of 540 MHz. However, when each patch of this traditional antenna array is loaded with split ring resonator (SRR) and a metallic via hole is introduced in the patch, the same antenna array produces an additional resonant frequency in IEEE 802.11b/g/n 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi band with bandwidth and gain of 290 MHz and 5.6 dBi, respectively, while the initial resonant frequency (i.e. 5.8 GHz) gets shifted to IEEE 802.11ac 5 GHz Wi-Fi band, providing the gain and bandwidth of 11.4 dBi and 510 MHz, respectively. The proposed antenna array has been fabricated, and the measured results are presented to validate the proposed array. Moreover, the equivalent circuit of the proposed antenna array has been designed and analyzed to validate the simulated, measured and theoretical results. Attainment of dual band characteristics by incorporating the metamaterial with single band traditional patch antenna array makes this structure novel, as this has been achieved without any extra hardware cost, size and loss of structural planarity. Also, both the frequency bands of this proposed metamaterial inspired antenna array possess considerable gain and bandwidth.     

基于SRR的二阶方环滤波器小型化设计

移动通信的飞速发展为微波元件的小型化提出了更高的要求,左手材料因为其负介电常数和负磁导率的特性而被广泛用于天线和滤波器的小型化设计中,SRR作为左手材料的基本构成,用于设计三种基于其原理的二阶微带带通滤波器。文中滤波器具有依次降低的中心频率,代表滤波器尺寸的缩减。其中具有串联叠层式谐振结构的滤波器尺寸为单层结构滤波器尺寸的11%,表现出较好的小型化效果。仿真与实测结果吻合较好,验证了文中结构的可行性。     

基于开口谐振环的微带天线互耦抑制研究

提出了一种通过加载开口谐振环隔离板来抑制微带天线阵元之间耦合的方法。首先设计了一款工作频率在6GHz的微带天线阵,然后在其阵列单元间加载单环SRR隔离板结构。该结构在特定频段具有带阻特性,可以有效抑制天线单元间的互耦,增加天线单元间的隔离度。最后利用HFSS软件进行了仿真与优化。仿真结果证明:该结构的引入能使微带天线单元间的互耦因子降低10d B左右,体现了较好的互耦抑制特性。     

哑铃型互补SRR滤波器的优化和仿真实验分析

基于Pendry提出的开口谐振环(SRR)基本理论,结合Falcone建立的SRR互补模型,针对Mohammed构建的哑铃型结构,建立了HFSS模型,完整地仿真了哑铃型互补SRR滤波器主要结构参数对性能的影响,分析了滤波器单元边长、缝隙宽度、缝隙间距、开口宽度、桥接间距和桥接宽度与滤波器中心工作频点、工作带宽和传递系数之间的关系.结果表明,通过调整缝隙宽度和间距能够有效改变滤波器工作频点、带宽和传递系数;增加单元边长,虽可有效降低工作波长,但其带宽和传递系数均会显著恶化;其它参数的改变不会导致滤波器性能发生显著改变.最后,设计了实物样品验证了仿真结果.     

RCS reduction and gain enhancement of SRR inspired circularly polarized slot antenna using metasurface

In this work, a novel Circularly Polarized (CP) slot antenna is proposed for low RCS and high gain applications. The proposed antenna is designed in two phases. Initially, a metasurface is designed, which is composed of two similar artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) unit cells arranged orthogonally in chessboard-like configuration for broadband RCS reduction. Then, the CP slot antenna is designed by placing dual SRR on the backside of the slot for impedance matching and to achieve circular polarization. Detailed analysis is conducted to investigate the performance of metasurface loaded CP slot antenna. The proposed antenna shows 10 dB RCS reduction over the bandwidth of 41.3% at boresight direction compared to CP slot antenna. The maximum in-band and out-of-band RCS reduction achieved is 24 dB and 20 dB, respectively. The maximum gain of the antenna is also increased by 2.7 dB as a result of parasitic radiation of the metasurface and an improvement in overall performance of the antenna is observed by the employment of metasurface. Measured results of the fabricated prototype are in good agreement with the simulated results.     

加载谐振环的新型宽带准八木天线设计

设计了一种新型宽带准八木天线,该天线采用微带线进行馈电,通过一种新型的巴伦结构实现了微带线到共面带状线的转换。天线有一个辐射振子和两个引向振子,介质板背面的金属地板作为反射器,具有较宽的带宽。为了进一步提高增益,在引向振子前端加载两组开口谐振环单元。改进后天线的-10 dB 阻抗带宽为53.7%(5. 9～10. 2 GHz),增益达到了5. 7～9. 3 dB,相比改进前平均提高了2 dB。对原型天线和改进后天线分别进行了加工测量,测量结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

How Far Are We from Making Metamaterials by Self‐Organization? The Microstructure of Highly Anisotropic Particles with an SRR‐Like Geometry

Metamaterials offer new unusual electromagnetic properties, which have already been demonstrated, and many postulated new functionalities are yet to be realized. Currently, however, metamaterials are mostly limited by narrow band behavior, high losses, and limitation in making genuinely 3D materials. In order to overcome these problems an overlap between metamaterial concepts and materials science is necessary. Engineered self‐organization is presented as a future approach to metamaterial manufacturing. Using directional solidification of eutectics, the first experimental realization of self‐organized particles with a split‐ring resonator‐like cross section is demonstrated. This unusual morphology/microstructure of the eutectic composite has a fractal character. With the use of TEM and XRD the clear influence of the atomic crystal arrangement on the microstructure geometry is presented. The materials obtained present very high anisotropy and can be obtained in large pieces. Metallodielectric structures can be created by etching and filling the space with metal. The next steps in the development of self‐organized materials exhibiting unusual properties are discussed.