A possible scenario of the Pioneer anomaly in the framework of Finsler geometry

The weak field approximation of geodesics in Randers–Finsler space is investigated. We show that a Finsler structure of Randers space corresponds to the constant and sunward anomalous acceleration demonstrated by the Pioneer 10 and 11 data. The additional term in the geodesic equation acts as “electric force”, which provides the anomalous acceleration.     

Effects of high-temperature rapid thermal annealing for seed layers on the crystallographic evolution in hydrothermal ZnO nanostructures

In this work, we investigated effects of high temperature rapid thermal annealing for the zinc oxide (ZnO) seed layers on the growth morphology and crystal orientation of hydrothermal ZnO nanorods (NRs). The seed layers were prepared by sol–gel spin coating and annealed by two-step rapid thermal processes at different peak temperatures ranging from 600 to 900 °C for a short time period of 1 min. The seed layers annealed in a temperature range of 600–800 °C were all polycrystalline; however, they exhibited a highly Zn-deficient amorphous state when annealed at 900 °C as observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The vertical NRs normal to the substrate were grown along [001] direction atop the polycrystalline seeds annealed at 600–800 °C, whereas different growth morphology of flower-like NRs was observed on the seeds annealed at 900 °C with the strongest XRD peak along the [100] orientation. From our cross-sectional TEM analysis, this flower-like architecture was initiated from the pioneer crystals laterally grown along [001] direction guiding the subsequent growth of petal NRs oriented by a slight difference in growth direction.     

Letter: On the Indication from Pioneer 10/11 Data of an Apparent Anomalous, Weak, Long-Range Acceleration

Hubble's law, which states a linear increase in velocities with distances, can physically be understood in terms of an acceleration cH. This work proposes a connection between this universal acceleration seen in the solar system and the anomalous acceleration acting on the Pioneer 10/11 spacecraft, in which the Hubble constant inferred from Pioneer 10/11 data is 87 km/s/Mpc. Its physical implication is discussed in relation with Mach's principle.     

The Pioneer Anomaly as Acceleration of the Clocks

This work proposes an explanation of the Pioneer anomaly, the unmodelled and as yet unexplained blueshift detected in the microwave signal of the Pioneer 10 and other spaceships by Anderson et al. in 1998. What they observed is similar to the effect that would have either (i) an anomalous acceleration a_P the ship towards the Sun, or (ii) an acceleration of the clocks a_t=a_P/c. The second alternative is investigated here, with a phenomenological model in which the anomaly is an effect of the background gravitational potential (t) that pervades all the universe and is increasing because of the expansion. It is shown that 2a_t=d /dt=d²_clocks/dt², evaluated at present time t₀, where t and _clocks are the coordinate time and the time measured by the atomic clocks, respectively. The result of a simple estimate gives the value a_t 1.8× 10^–18 s^–1, while Anderson et al. suggested a_t=(2.9±0.4) × 10^–18 s^–1 on the basis of their observations. The calculation are performed near the Newtonian limit but in the frame of general relativity.     

High precision thermal modeling of complex systems with application to the flyby and Pioneer anomaly

Thermal modeling of complex systems faces the problems of an effective digitalization of the detailed geometry and properties of the system, calculation of the thermal flows and temperature maps, treatment of the thermal radiation including possible multiple reflections, inclusion of additional external influences, extraction of the radiation pressure from calculated surface data as well as computational effectiveness. In previous publications [1, 2] the solution to these problems have been outlined and a first application to the Pioneer spacecraft have been shown. Here we like to present the application of our thermal modeling to the Rosetta flyby anomaly as well as to the Pioneer anomaly. The analysis outlines that thermal recoil pressure is not the cause of the Rosetta flyby anomaly but likely resolves the anomalous acceleration observed for Pioneer 10.     

Normal coordinates describing coupled oscillations in the gravitational field

The motion of a local source inducing small oscillations in the gravitational field is investigated and shown to exhibit pure rotational kinetic energy. Should the net affect of these slow, revolving oscillations cause large-scale rotations in spacetime it would certainly result in anomalous celestial accelerations. When this angular rotational frequency of spacetime is applied to the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10/11 spacecrafts, the correlation is promising.     

“文化冲突”视域下高校党建工作的问题与对策——以苏州高校利用“先锋论坛”创新党建机制为例

文化冲突的现象在如今的高校依然存在。党的建设工作应该结合优秀传统文化, 采取新的方法和策略, 以 利于高校的长期稳定发展。苏州一些高校创设“先锋论坛”, 倡导“服务至上”, 有效促进了学生对校园 文化的参与和体验。倡导“先忧后乐”, 消弭文化代沟, 有效调动教师的积极性;提倡“和合文化”, 体现 苏州城市文化的特色。通过“先锋论坛+地域文化”, 强化思想引领, 形成基层党建工作新局面, 使高校党 组织永葆蓬勃生机和旺盛活力。     

Time dependent gravitational potential in the universe and some consequences

In this paper, assuming a linear change of the gravitational potential V in the universe, i.e. , some consequences are obtained. 1. The Hubble red shift is explained by the potential difference between the considered galaxy long time ago and the observer at this epoch. 2. The anomalous acceleration a _P from the spacecraft Pioneer 10 and 11 [1] is explained. 3. The deformations of the trajectories of planets are studied. It is shown that the planetary orbits are not axially symmetric and the angle from the perihelion to the aphelion is , while the angle from the aphelion to the perihelion is , where is the orbital period. There is no perihelion precession caused by the time dependent gravitational potential V. The quotient of two consecutive orbital periods ₁ and ₂ is equal to This formula is tested for the pulsars B1885+09 and B1534+12, and the results are good.This revised version was published online in April 2005. The publishing date was inserted.