Development of enzyme-based bar code-style lateral-flow assay for hydrogen peroxide determination

A unique approach of developing a bar code version of lateral-flow enzymatic-based assay for the semi-quantification of hydrogen peroxide is described. The proposed assay system is mainly composed of a goat anti-mouse IgG-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (Gt anti-M IgG-HRP)-coated nitrocellulose (NC) membrane and a peroxidase substrate pad. Unlike the bar code immunochromatographic assay which depends on the stepwise capture of analyte, the principle of enzyme-based bar code lateral-flow assay is based on the different reaction time on successive lines due to the delay in 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) release. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) acts as a limiting factor which controls the rate of the enzymatic conversion of TMB to blue color complex. The system expresses the concentration of H₂O₂ in micromole range as three distinct ladder bars in 9 min therefore without the need of any reading device. The major advantages of this assay are its easily readable result, and also its simplicity and low-cost in production offers a cheaper alternative for testing those expensive biosensors might not be available to the third world countries. By incorporating with H₂O₂-generating oxidoreductases, the assay can be further extended to detect a variety of analytes with clinical and environmental importance. Glucose was chosen to be the model analyte where the proposed system gave signal response at between 5 μM and 100 μM.     

PoC业务多媒体特性研究

PoC是未来3G通信中最值得期待的业务，OMA目前正在制定PoC2．0的系列规范。PoC2·0是从PoC1．0出发，研究半双工群组多媒体通信业务。本文主要介绍了PoC2．0业务的多媒体功能和特性。     

A Comparative Study of Voltammetric vs Impedimetric Immunosensor for Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection at the Point-of-care

Here, a novel biosensing platform for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 usable both at voltammetric and impedimetric mode is reported. The platform was constructed on a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) screen-printed electrode (SPE) functionalized by methylene blue (MB), antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP), a bioactive layer of chitosan (CS) and protein A (PrA). The voltammetric sensor showed superior performances both in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and spiked-saliva samples, with LOD values of 5.0±0.1 and 30±2.1 ng/mL, compared to 20±1.8 and 50±2.5 ng/mL for the impedimetric sensor. Moreover, the voltammetric immunosensor was tested in real saliva, showing promising results.     

富营养化水体颗粒有机碳浓度的遥感估算及动态变化特征

基于2011年5次太湖水体现场测量数据,分析富营养化水体颗粒有机碳(POC)对遥感反射比的影响,构建了POC含量的遥感定量估算模型,并结合MERIS遥感影像资料,揭示了太湖水体POC浓度的时空变化特征.结果表明,太湖水体中的POC对560~709 nm波段范围内的遥感反射比影响显著;基于海洋水环境特征构建的POC浓度遥感估算模型不适于太湖水体;通过分析富营养化水体的光学特性以及POC对遥感反射比的影响,发现MERIS传感器红(620 nm)、近红外(709 nm)波段遥感反射比的比值与POC浓度具有较好的相关关系(R2=0.75,n=132,RMSE=33.27%,P0.05),适于太湖水体POC浓度的遥感估算.     

巢湖水体POC浓度遥感反演算法与验证

基于2013年巢湖实测数据,根据颗粒性有机碳(Particulate Organic Carbon,POC)浓度与叶绿素a之间的高度相关性,采用Gons和Simis算法估算浮游植物色素吸收a_(ph)(665),继而实现对POC浓度间接反演。结果表明,Gons和Simis算法可用于蓝藻水华未覆盖内陆水体POC浓度的估算;Gons算法(RMSE_(rel)=21.90%)相对于Simis算法(RMSE_(rel)=23.81%)可以更好地反演POC的浓度。Gons和Simis算法在巢湖POC反演中取得了较好的结果,可以结合MERIS卫星用于巢湖水体POC估算。也可以为内陆湖泊水体碳循环研究提供技术和数据支撑,具有重要的科学研究意义。     

RhIr@MoS2 nanohybrids based disposable microsensor for the point-of-care testing of NADH in real human serum

Dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an important enzyme in all living cells, which is found to be abnormally expressed in cancer cells. Since it is redox-active, an electrochemical detection method would be suitable for monitoring its concentration in biological fluids. Here we present a strategy for specific determination of NADH in real human serum by using RhIr@MoS₂ nanohybrids based microsensor. To implement the protocol, RhIr nanocrysrals are in-situ grown onto MoS₂ interlayers forming a nanohybrid structure (RhIr@MoS₂). After being locally deposited on an electrochemical microsensor, it could be used for the analysis of NADH. The developed RhIr@MoS₂ nanohybrids based microsensor possesses the ability for analyzing NADH at the applied potential of 0.07 V (much lower than most reported values). The detection limit is evaluated as low as 1 nmol/L even in bovine serum albumin (BSA) media. In addition, the sampling analysis of human serum from cancer patients and health controls shows that the microsensor displays good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, illustrating that this developed detection technique is a relatively accurate method for measuring NADH in biological fluids. The proposed electrochemical microsensor assay also owns the benefits of convenience, disposable and easy processing, which make it a great possibility for future point-of-care cancer diagnosis.     

浅析POC体系结构及其注册流程

阐述了无线一键通PoC(Push to talk over Cellular)的内部体系结构,并介绍了各网元单元的功能,此外还介绍了一个POC会话的注册流程,并以实例的方式描述了注册关键设置.     

Stable isotope mass balances versus concentration differences of dissolved inorganic carbon – implications for tracing carbon turnover in reservoirs

The aim of this study was to identify sources of carbon turnover using stable isotope mass balances. For this purpose, two pre-reservoirs in the Harz Mountains (Germany) were investigated for their dissolved and particulate carbon contents (dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon) together with their stable carbon isotope ratios. DIC concentration depth profiles from March 2012 had an average of 0.33 mmol L^–1. Increases in DIC concentrations later on in the year often corresponded with decreases in its carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C_DIC) with the most negative value of –18.4?‰ in September. This led to a carbon isotope mass balance with carbon isotope inputs of ?28.5?‰ from DOC and ?23.4, ?31.8 and ?30.7?‰ from algae, terrestrial and sedimentary matter, respectively. Best matches between calculated and measured DIC gains were achieved when using the isotope composition of algae. This shows that this type of organic material is most likely responsible for carbon additions to the DIC pool when its concentrations and δ¹³C_DIC values correlate negatively. The presented isotope mass balance is transferable to other surface water and groundwater systems for quantification of organic matter turnover.     

Sample Preparation and Diagnostic Methods for a Variety of Settings: A Comprehensive Review

Sample preparation is an essential step for nearly every type of biochemical analysis in use today. Among the most important of these analyses is the diagnosis of diseases, since their treatment may rely greatly on time and, in the case of infectious diseases, containing their spread within a population to prevent outbreaks. To address this, many different methods have been developed for use in the wide variety of settings for which they are needed. In this work, we have reviewed the literature and report on a broad range of methods that have been developed in recent years and their applications to point-of-care (POC), high-throughput screening, and low-resource and traditional clinical settings for diagnosis, including some of those that were developed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to covering alternative approaches and improvements to traditional sample preparation techniques such as extractions and separations, techniques that have been developed with focuses on integration with smart devices, laboratory automation, and biosensors are also discussed.