有机发光器件平板显示及彩色象元实现方案

有机发光器件（OLED）具有固体平板化的优点，用OLED制做平板显示器不仅重量轻和功耗低，而且能实现低成本的彩色大屏幕显示。本文从有机发光器件的原理出发，阐述了有机发光器件平板显示器的三色象元的一些实现方案和目前的发展状况，并对它们的基本结构及技术特点进行了比较。     

专用超大规模集成电路在LED显示系统中的应用

自1976年蒙特利尔奥运会采用了第一块黑白视频显示屏以来，各种大屏幕特别是LED显示屏得到了迅猛发展，在现代信息社会中更是随处可见。在这些显示系统中，应用了大量的不同种类的集成电路作为驱动芯片。本文叙述了运用于LED显示系统中的超大规模集成电路的强大功能。     

A One‐Kilobit PQR‐CMOS Smart Pixel Array

The photonic quantum ring (PQR) laser is a three dimensional whispering gallery (WG) mode laser and has anomalous quantum wire properties, such as microampere to nanoampere range threshold currents and √T‐dependent thermal red shifts. We observed uniform bottom emissions from a 1‐kb smart pixel chip of a 32×32 InGaAs PQR laser array flip‐chip bonded to a 0.35 µm CMOS‐based PQR laser driver. The PQR‐CMOS smart pixel array, now operating at 30 MHz, will be improved to the GHz frequency range through device and circuit optimization.     

双层伞状开孔的微测辐射热计红外吸收分析

建立了具有伞状吸收层结构的微测辐射热计探测单元的红外吸收模型。基于光学导纳矩阵法和阻抗匹配理论,采用三维电磁仿真软件CST,对伞状结构不同开孔尺寸和形状下模型的红外吸收特性进行了分析。结果表明,双层伞状开孔微测辐射热计光学性能与伞状结构开孔大小有密切的关系。该伞状微测辐射热计中引入开孔后,在保持较高的红外吸收特性的基础上,减少了探测单元热容,从而提升了器件响应速度。最终所得探测单元在8~14μm红外波段内的平均吸收率为85%,满足超大规模小像元非致冷红外焦平面探测器的设计要求。     

基于超像素级卷积神经网络的多聚焦图像融合算法

该文提出了基于超像素级卷积神经网络(sp-CNN)的多聚焦图像融合算法。该方法首先对源图像进行多尺度超像素分割,将获取的超像素输入sp-CNN,并对输出的初始分类映射图进行连通域操作得到初始决策图;然后根据多幅初始决策图的异同获得不确定区域,并利用空间频率对其再分类,得到阶段决策图;最后利用形态学对阶段决策图进行后处理,并根据所得的最终决策图融合图像。该文算法直接利用超像素分割块进行图像融合,其相较以往利用重叠块的融合算法可达到降低时间复杂度的目的,同时可获得较好的融合效果。     

红外焦平面阵列非线性响应的分析和计算

分析了导致红外焦平面阵列响应非线性的各种因素;并以HgCdTe红外焦平面阵列为例,以量子效率与入射光子波长的相关性为基础,计算了在准理想条件下探测器响应的非线性量;结合非均匀性校正,计算了在给定区间定标后的非线性大小;还对实际应用中一例非线性响应所导致的焦平面阵列的非均匀性剩余误差进行了解释。     

Progress in CdZnTe substrate producibility and critical drivers of IRFPA yield originating with CdZnTe substrates

With the goal of maximizing the yield of infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs), Santa Barbara Research Center’s (SBRC) Infrared Materials Producibility Program (IRMP) has focused on assessing and improving the quality, yield, and throughput of CdZnTe substrates. A baseline detector lot was fabricated to identify the critical drivers of IRFPA yield coming from the substrates and to evaluate the quality and yield of the current vendor base for CdZnTe substrates. Substrate induced defects and impurities that can potentially affect device performance and operability were carefully mapped out in detail on 44 × 67 mm² size substrates, received from IRMP substrate vendors as well as SBRC. This paper will report on the correlations found between this substrate characterization data base and the IRFPA level defect distributions. Key results from these correlation studies are: (1) extended defects found on the substrates with the Nakagawa etch correlated well with responsivity reduction in the final IRFPA; (2) cross-hatch patterns that were evident in the responsivity map correlated well with similar features seen by x-ray topography on LPE double layers; and (3) a possible correlation of device performance (leakage current at 78K) with copper and lithium impurities in the substrate. Recent initiatives toward improving the quality and yield of the substrate growth process have focused on improving purity in the pre-growth charge preparation, modification of growth parameters to reduce defects and scaling up of the vertical Bridgman growth process from its current 67 mm diameter boule size to 92 mm diameter boules. Promising initial results from the large diameter boule growth process will be shown. The 92 mm diameter CdZnTe boule (6 kg charge) shows two predominant single crystal grains encompassing 75% of boule volume. Defect characterization of boules grown under baseline and modified conditions is discussed.     

非致冷红外焦平面的噪声分析与非均匀性校正研究

非致冷红外焦平面阵列探测器具备体积小、无需致冷的优点,具有广泛的应用前景.然而非均匀性问题一直是制约其应用的根本原因,也是目前红外热成像研究的热点.论文通过分析实际的红外图像噪声特性,从图像恢复的角度,提出非均匀性校正的具体方案,并比较这两种图像恢复方案的实际效果,最后指出红外图像非均匀性校正算法的研究和发展的可能方向.     

一种基于混沌序列的彩色图像加密算法

提出一种基于混沌序列的彩色图像加密算法。该算法首先应用二维Logistic混沌系统产生2个混沌序列,利用对2个混沌序列进行排序产生的2个编号序列对彩色图像进行位置的置乱,然后应用三维Lorenz混沌系统产生的混沌序列中各值进行大小排序,用以引导对置乱后的彩色图像进行像素点的R,G,B值的置换操作,从而实现对颜色的加密。实验结果表明,该算法具有密钥空间大、安全性高和保密性好的特点。     

红外焦平面阵列非均匀性自适应校正算法研究

在分析红外焦平面阵列非均匀性校正现行算法的基础上,提出了一种具有自适应性能的新算法。该算法以小波变换中的滤波器理论为基础,通过将图像序列在时间域的尺度分解和相庆统计量计算,获得在红外焦平面校正中起影响的偏置和增益系数。模拟实验结果验证了其有效性和先进性。