全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8264篇 |
免费 | 1578篇 |
国内免费 | 594篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2976篇 |
晶体学 | 40篇 |
力学 | 469篇 |
综合类 | 65篇 |
数学 | 1585篇 |
物理学 | 2259篇 |
无线电 | 3042篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 30篇 |
2023年 | 173篇 |
2022年 | 229篇 |
2021年 | 333篇 |
2020年 | 357篇 |
2019年 | 335篇 |
2018年 | 283篇 |
2017年 | 353篇 |
2016年 | 410篇 |
2015年 | 387篇 |
2014年 | 563篇 |
2013年 | 639篇 |
2012年 | 563篇 |
2011年 | 594篇 |
2010年 | 456篇 |
2009年 | 456篇 |
2008年 | 515篇 |
2007年 | 489篇 |
2006年 | 439篇 |
2005年 | 384篇 |
2004年 | 334篇 |
2003年 | 361篇 |
2002年 | 278篇 |
2001年 | 217篇 |
2000年 | 174篇 |
1999年 | 162篇 |
1998年 | 141篇 |
1997年 | 122篇 |
1996年 | 94篇 |
1995年 | 96篇 |
1994年 | 76篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 46篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 25篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 531 毫秒
1.
2.
Wenshu Chen Jiajun Gu Yongping Du Fang Song Fanxing Bu Jinghan Li Yang Yuan Ruichun Luo Qinglei Liu Di Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(25)
Large‐scale production of hydrogen from water‐alkali electrolyzers is impeded by the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. The hybridization of an acid‐active HER catalyst with a cocatalyst at the nanoscale helps boost HER kinetics in alkaline media. Here, it is demonstrated that 1T–MoS2 nanosheet edges (instead of basal planes) decorated by metal hydroxides form highly active / heterostructures, which significantly enhance HER performance in alkaline media. Featured with rich / sites, the fabricated 1T–MoS2 QS/Ni(OH)2 hybrid (quantum sized 1T–MoS2 sheets decorated with Ni(OH)2 via interface engineering) only requires overpotentials of 57 and 112 mV to drive HER current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm?2, respectively, and has a low Tafel slope of 30 mV dec?1 in 1 m KOH. So far, this is the best performance for MoS2‐based electrocatalysts and the 1T–MoS2 QS/Ni(OH)2 hybrid is among the best‐performing non‐Pt alkaline HER electrocatalysts known. The HER process is durable for 100 h at current densities up to 500 mA cm?2. This work not only provides an active, cost‐effective, and robust alkaline HER electrocatalyst, but also demonstrates a design strategy for preparing high‐performance catalysts based on edge‐rich 2D quantum sheets for other catalytic reactions. 相似文献
3.
提供了一种简便易行的靶面激光光斑尺寸原位测量的方法。从高斯光束的横向光强分布特性出发,建立了激光烧蚀斑半径与辐照激光能量、光斑尺寸、烧蚀阈值间的关系式,模拟分析发现辐照激光光斑尺寸对烧蚀斑半径随辐照能量变化曲线有较大影响。对于脉宽为2 ms,波长为1064 nm的激光,实验测量了不同能量激光辐照下相纸烧蚀斑半径,并用推导出的关系式拟合测量数据,获得了靶面处光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值。同时,也测量了不同位置处的光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值,对高斯光束束腰位置和样品烧蚀阈值的光斑尺寸效应进行了验证。研究结果表明该技术结果可靠,简单高效。该技术可以为高能激光与固体物质相互作用的基础研究和激光加工等应用领域中实现简单方便地测量靶面光斑尺寸提供帮助。 相似文献
4.
Dr. Sebastian Lars Müller Xinglong Zhou Dr. Peter Leonard Oxana Korzhenko Dr. Constantin Daniliuc Prof. Dr. Frank Seela 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(12):3077-3090
Silver-mediated α-dC–Ag+–β-dC hybrid base pairs decorated with 5-iodo- or 5-octadiynyl residues are well accommodated in duplex DNA. A strong Tm increase and favorable thermodynamic data for duplex DNA were observed after addition of silver ions. The phenomenon is particularly obvious when both nucleobases of the base pairs are functionalized. Neither the position of the base pair, nor the type of 5-substituent had a negative influence. On the contrary, functionalization of conventional silver-mediated β-dC–Ag+–β-dC homo base pairs showed a negative impact induced by the bulky substituents. To this end, cytosine modified 12-mer oligodeoxynucleotides were prepared by solid-phase synthesis employing new α-anomeric 2′-deoxycytidine phosphoramidites. A multigram scale synthesis was developed for 5-iodo-α-d -2′-deoxycytidine ( 1 ) employing the direct glycosylation of cytosine with Hoffer's α-d -halogenose followed by separation of anomeric DMT nucleosides. Regarding base-pair stability and functionalization silver-mediated α/β-dC hybrid base pairs were found to be superior to β/β-dC homo pairs. According to their extraordinary properties, they might find applications in DNA diagnostics, material science, or nanotechnology. 相似文献
5.
Thomas Wittmann Dr. Renée Siegel Nele Reimer Dr. Wolfgang Milius Prof. Dr. Norbert Stock Prof. Dr. Jürgen Senker 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(1):314-323
The resistance of metal–organic frameworks towards water is a very critical issue concerning their practical use. Recently, it was shown for microporous MOFs that the water stability could be increased by introducing hydrophobic pendant groups. Here, we demonstrate a remarkable stabilisation of the mesoporous MOF Al‐MIL‐101‐NH2 by postsynthetic modification with phenyl isocyanate. In this process 86 % of the amino groups were converted into phenylurea units. As a consequence, the long‐term stability of Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh in liquid water could be extended beyond a week. In water saturated atmospheres Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh decomposed at least 12‐times slower than the unfunctionalised analogue. To study the underlying processes both materials were characterised by Ar, N2 and H2O sorption measurements, powder X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and chemical analysis as well as solid‐state NMR and IR spectroscopy. Postsynthetic modification decreased the BET equivalent surface area from 3363 to 1555 m2 g?1 for Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh and reduced the mean diameters of the mesopores by 0.6 nm without degrading the structure significantly and reducing thermal stability. In spite of similar water uptake capacities, the relative humidity‐dependent uptake of Al‐MIL‐101‐URPh is slowed and occurs at higher relative humidity values. In combination with 1H‐27Al D ‐HMQC NMR spectroscopy experiments this favours a shielding mechanism of the Al clusters by the pendant phenyl groups and rules out pore blocking. 相似文献
6.
7.
数字水印技术的发展为解决图像认证和完整性保护问题提供了新的思路。对用于篡改检测和图像认证的水印技术做了综述。数字水印技术根据其识别差错的能力分为四种类型:易损水印、半易损水印、混合水印和自嵌入水印。最后还对水印认证技术的安全性问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
8.
属间远缘杂交水稻耐旱性生理特性的比较研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用在YOSHIDA水稻专用培养营养液中添加一定量的PEG 6000的方法,比较研究了模拟干旱胁迫条件下属间远缘杂交新型水稻品种“远诱1号”(Y)及其水稻亲本“圭630”(G)、高梁亲本“桃长红”(T)以及生产推广杂交组合“汕优63”(S)等试验材料某些生态生理特性的差异。研究结果表明,在-1.0MPa的高渗胁迫下,Y、G、T的萌发系数均有不同程度的下降,正常培养条件下的萌发系数GC分别为36.9 相似文献
9.
10.
Rakhim Aitbayev 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2006,22(4):847-866
Efficient multilevel preconditioners are developed and analyzed for the quadrature finite element Galerkin approximation of the biharmonic Dirichlet problem. The quadrature scheme is formulated using the Bogner–Fox–Schmit rectangular element and the product two‐point Gaussian quadrature. The proposed additive and multiplicative preconditioners are uniformly spectrally equivalent to the operator of the quadrature scheme. The preconditioners are implemented by optimal algorithms, and they are used to accelerate convergence of the preconditioned conjugate gradient method. Numerical results are presented demonstrating efficiency of the preconditioners. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2006 相似文献