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1.
Elise Laszlo Gregory De Crescenzo Alfonso Nieto-Argüello Xavier Banquy Davide Brambilla 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(46):2106061
The noninvasive sampling of dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) for the monitoring of clinical biomarkers is a greatly appealing area of research. The identification of molecular biomarkers in biological fluids has been accelerated with -omics analyses but remains limited in ISF because of its time-consuming and complex extraction process. Here, the generation of microneedle (MN) patches made of superabsorbent acrylate-based hydrogels for the rapid sampling of dermal ISF is described to explore its proteome. In depth, iterative optimization allows the identification of novel acrylate-based compositions with the required chemical, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties allowing proteomic analysis of the extracted ISF for the first time after sampling with swelling MNs. The generated MN arrays show no cytotoxic effect, successfully cross the stratum corneum, and can collect up to 6 µL of dermal ISF in 10 min in vivo. Proteomics lead to the detection of 176 clinically relevant biomarkers in the collected samples validating the use of ISF as a relevant bodily fluid for disease monitoring and diagnostic. Importantly, it is discovered that extraction fingerprint is strongly dependent on the MNs chemistry, and thus specific biomarkers could be selectively extracted by tuning the composition of the patch, making the system versatile and specific. 相似文献
2.
Mariusz Marć Marek Tobiszewski Bożena Zabiegała Miguel de la Guardia Jacek Namieśnik 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
This review summarizes the different tools and concepts that are commonly applied in air quality monitoring. The monitoring of atmosphere is extremely important as the air quality is an important problem for large communities. Main requirements for analytical devices used for monitoring include a long period of autonomic operation and portability. These instruments, however, are often characterized by poor analytical performance. Monitoring networks are the most common tools used for monitoring, so large-scale monitoring programmes are summarized here. Biomonitoring, as a cheap and convenient alternative to traditional sample collection, is becoming more and more popular, although its main drawback is the lack of standard procedures. Telemonitoring is another approach to air monitoring, which offers some interesting opportunities, such as ease of coverage of large or remote areas, constituting a complementary approach to traditional strategies; however, it requires huge costs. 相似文献
3.
Kicheon Kim 《ETRI Journal》2006,28(1):31-44
In a packet switching network, congestion is unavoidable and affects the quality of real‐time traffic with such problems as delay and packet loss. Packet fair queuing (PFQ) algorithms are well‐known solutions for quality‐of‐service (QoS) guarantee by packet scheduling. Our approach is different from previous algorithms in that it uses hardware time achieved by sampling a counter triggered by a periodic clock signal. This clock signal can be provided to all the modules of a routing system to get synchronization. In this architecture, a variant of the PFQ algorithm, called digitized delay queuing (DDQ), can be distributed on many line interface modules. We derive the delay bounds in a single processor system and in a distributed architecture. The definition of traffic contribution improves the simplicity of the mathematical models. The effect of different time between modules in a distributed architecture is the key idea for understanding the delay behavior of a routing system. The number of bins required for the DDQ algorithm is also derived to make the system configuration clear. The analytical models developed in this paper form the basis of improvement and application to a combined input and output queuing (CIOQ) router architecture for a higher speed QoS network. 相似文献
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The multihop optical network is the most appropriate solution to satisfy the increasing applications of Internet services. This paper extends the regular Kautz graph to one with multiple layers in order to produce more architectural variations. The connectivity between adjacent layers utilizes the systematic connection patterns of a regular Kautz graph. A routing algorithm based on its property is presented. Optical passive star (OPS) couplers are adopted to implement our new topologies. Three scheduling criteria that can solve the contention problem in the intermediate nodes are evaluated and compared in terms of their capability to improve the accessibility. 相似文献
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本文重点研究基于包错误率测量的链路自适应算法,分析了包错误率与信道参数的关系,提出了一种有别于固定门限值方案的优化门限值方案。仿真结果表明,优化门限值方案的网络吞吐量要大于固定门限值方案和基于信干比估计的链路自适应算法,最大增幅可达12Mbit/s。在系统引入重传机制后,网络吞吐量将有所损失,但最大不超过1Mbit/s,相比较服务质量的提高是值得的。需指出的是,虽然分析和仿真均以HIPERLAN/2为例,但不失一般性,它们同样适合于WPAN/WLAN等类似系统。 相似文献
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在数据采集中采用带通采样,可大大降低采样率,但系统中的抗混叠滤波器会造成相位的非线性。采用对滤波后的信号进行带通采样,然后再用FRR滤波器校正相位的非线性,从而不失真地还原原信号,最后在Matlab中进行仿真,验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
9.
传统的多载波调制都是采用对传输信道进行等带宽划分的方式。为了更好地适应信道传输特性,一个很有应用前景的发展方向是采用非等带宽划分信道的多载波调制方式。本文提出了一种利用正交小波包变换实现的非等带宽划分信道的多载波调制方法。理论分析和实验结果表明,这种方法对于提高信道的传输性能有很大的潜力。 相似文献
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