全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2690篇 |
免费 | 90篇 |
国内免费 | 199篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1246篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 195篇 |
数学 | 404篇 |
物理学 | 501篇 |
无线电 | 628篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 34篇 |
2022年 | 34篇 |
2021年 | 44篇 |
2020年 | 58篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 52篇 |
2017年 | 70篇 |
2016年 | 85篇 |
2015年 | 90篇 |
2014年 | 113篇 |
2013年 | 177篇 |
2012年 | 150篇 |
2011年 | 211篇 |
2010年 | 170篇 |
2009年 | 211篇 |
2008年 | 215篇 |
2007年 | 209篇 |
2006年 | 150篇 |
2005年 | 139篇 |
2004年 | 125篇 |
2003年 | 75篇 |
2002年 | 72篇 |
2001年 | 51篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 43篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2979条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
L. Gao P. Hrter Ch. Linsmeier J. Gstttner R. Emling D. Schmitt-Landsiedel 《Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing》2004,7(4-6):331
Deposition of Ag films by direct liquid injection-metal organic chemical vapor deposition (DLI-MOCVD) was chosen because this preparation method allows precise control of precursor flow and prevents early decomposition of the precursor as compared to the bubbler-delivery. Silver(I)-2,2-dimethyl-6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-3,5-octanedionato-triethylphosphine [Ag(fod)(PEt3)] as the precursor for Ag CVD was studied, which is liquid at 30 °C. Ag films were grown on different substrates of SiO2/Si and TiN/Si. Argon and nitrogen/hydrogen carrier gas was used in a cold wall reactor at a pressure of 50–500 Pa with deposition temperature ranging between 220 °C and 350 °C. Ag films deposited on a TiN/Si diffusion barrier layer have favorable properties over films deposited on SiO2/Si substrate. At lower temperature (220 °C), film growth is essentially reaction-limited on SiO2 substrate. Significant dependence of the surface morphology on the deposition conditions exists in our experiments. According to XPS analysis pure Ag films are deposited by DLI-MOCVD at 250 °C by using argon as carrier gas. 相似文献
2.
On effectiveness of wiretap programs in mapping social networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Maksim Tsvetovat Kathleen M. Carley 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2007,13(1):63-87
Snowball sampling methods are known to be a biased toward highly connected actors and consequently produce core-periphery networks when these may not necessarily be present. This leads to a biased perception of the underlying network which can have negative policy consequences, as in the identification of terrorist networks. When snowball sampling is used, the potential overload of the information collection system is a distinct problem due to the exponential growth of the number of suspects to be monitored. In this paper, we focus on evaluating the effectiveness of a wiretapping program in terms of its ability to map the rapidly evolving networks within a covert organization. By running a series of simulation-based experiments, we are able to evaluate a broad spectrum of information gathering regimes based on a consistent set of criteria. We conclude by proposing a set of information gathering programs that achieve higher effectiveness then snowball sampling, and at a lower cost.
Maksim Tsvetovat is an Assistant Professor at the Center for Social Complexity and department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. He received his Ph.D. from the Computation, Organizations and Society program in the School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University. His dissertation was centered on use of artificial intelligence techniques such as planning and semantic reasoning as a means of studying behavior and evolution of complex social networks, such as these of terrorist organizations. He received a Master of Science degree from University of Minnesota with a specialization in Artificial Intelligence and design of Multi-Agent Systems, and has also extensively studied organization theory and social science research methods. His research is centered on building high-fidelity simulations of social and organizational systems using concepts from distributed artificial intelligence and multi-agent systems. Other projects focus on social network analysis for mapping of internal corporate networks or study of covert and terrorist orgnaizations. Maksim’s vita and publications can be found on
Kathleen M. Carley is a professor in the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University and the director of the center for Compuational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems (CASOS) which has over 25 members, both students and research staff. Her research combines cognitive science, social networks and computer science to address complex social and organizational problems. Her specific research areas are dynamic network analysis, computational social and organization theory, adaptation and evolution, text mining, and the impact of telecommunication technologies and policy on communication, information diffusion, disease contagion and response within and among groups particularly in disaster or crisis situations. She and her lab have developed infrastructure tools for analyzing large scale dynamic networks and various multi-agent simulation systems. The infrastructure tools include ORA, a statistical toolkit for analyzing and visualizing multi-dimensional networks. ORA results are organized into reports that meet various needs such as the management report, the mental model report, and the intelligence report. Another tool is AutoMap, a text-mining systems for extracting semantic networks from texts and then cross-classifying them using an organizational ontology into the underlying social, knowledge, resource and task networks. Her simulation models meld multi-agent technology with network dynamics and empirical data. Three of the large-scale multi-agent network models she and the CASOS group have developed in the counter-terrorism area are: BioWar a city-scale dynamic-network agent-based model for understanding the spread of disease and illness due to natural epidemics, chemical spills, and weaponized biological attacks; DyNet a model of the change in covert networks, naturally and in response to attacks, under varying levels of information uncertainty; and RTE a model for examining state failure and the escalation of conflict at the city, state, nation, and international as changes occur within and among red, blue, and green forces. She is the founding co-editor with Al. Wallace of the journal Computational Organization Theory and has co-edited several books and written over 100 articles in the computational organizations and dynamic network area. Her publications can be found at: http://www.casos.cs.cmu.edu/bios/carley/publications.php 相似文献
3.
4.
在传统异步电动机直接转矩控制方案中,由于负载的变化规律不可预测,因此其常会带来较大的开关频率的变化,为此提出了一种基于预前控制的异步电动机直接转矩控制的方法。该方法依据前一个周期的磁链和转矩误差,对下一个开关周期所应施加到异步电动机的定子电压矢量进行预测,然后借助空间矢量PWM的方法,合成此开关电压矢量。样机实验结果表明,该方案不但能维持逆变器的开关频率基本恒定,而且还具有比传统直接转矩控制更为优良的动静态特性。 相似文献
5.
Sadaharu Jo 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(10):3514-3519
The morphologies and lattice structures of anthracene single crystals grown from the vapor phase were investigated using optical microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction analysis. Common morphologies with hexagonal large planes were observed irrespective of crystal size. The observation of certain surface morphologies with a phase contrast microscopy revealed that the spiral steps originated from screw dislocations present on the (0 0 1) planes. Moreover, the center and edge of the (0 0 1) planes had large curvatures, similar to hills. Resultantly, quarter-monolayer (ML) steps were observed on the large and flat planes between both hills. 相似文献
6.
A new sample business survey for agriculture, the REA survey, and a project of integration with the FADN network (RICA in
Italy) have significantly changed the production of statistical information nowadays available with reference to the agricultural
sector. On the basis of this relevant information, new economic analyses are being developed on farms’ performance, agricultural
households’ income and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). In this paper the authors estimate the relationship between the
levels of variables of interest and their sampling errors using models in order to improve the accessibility of the information
on estimates accuracy to the final users (agricultural analysts, policy makers).
The paper is the result of a joint research of the three authors. Sections 1–3 and 6 by Pizzoli, Sects. 4 and 5 by Rondinelli,
Sect. 7 by Filiberti, conclusions joint to the three authors. 相似文献
7.
8.
This paper proposes a low complexity joint space-time multiuser detection algorithm for asynchronous DS/CDMA antenna array systems. The proposed multiuser detector is composed of an adaptive antenna array, used as a linear beamformer, and a sliding window decorrelator. A QPSK modulation scheme is used in order to increase bandwidth efficiency. Numerical results are given in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) under the assumption of a frequency-selective Rayleigh slow fading channel. In particular, the proposed receiver is shown to be near-far resistant, even in worst fading cases, and to exploit completely array introduction while maintaining acceptable computational complexity. The proposed architecture avoids linear filter realization of the decorrelator, which is impractical in the case of a large number of users, and operates with relatively short data frames instead of the complete information sequence. Finally, this receiver is very flexible to changes in timing configuration. 相似文献
9.
H. Maekawa K. Tsubakihara A. Ohnishi 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,33(3):269-272
We study the hyperon-nucleus potential with distorted-wave impulse wave approximation (DWIA) using the Green's function method.
In order to include the nucleon and hyperon potential effects in Fermi averaging, we introduce the local optimal momentum
approximation of target nucleons. We can describe the quasi-free Λ , Σ and Ξ production spectra in a better way than in the
standard Fermi-averaged t -matrix treatments. 相似文献
10.
Approximation of signals from local averages 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This work is concerned with approximation of a signal from local averages. It improves a result of Butzer and Lei [P.L. Butzer, J. Lei, Approximation of signals using measured sampled values and error analysis, Commun. Appl. Anal. 4 (2000) 245–255]. 相似文献