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V. Babin P. Bohacek E. Bender A. Krasnikov E. Mihokova M. Nikl N. Senguttuvan A. Stolovits Y. Usuki S. Zazubovich 《Radiation measurements》2004,38(4-6):533-537
Luminescence characteristics of a number of undoped and variously doped PbWO4 crystals were studied at 0.4–400 K by the time-resolved spectroscopy and compared with those of ZnWO4,CdWO4 and PbMoO4 crystals. Two types of green emission centres are detected in PbWO4 crystals. The centres of the first type are responsible for the low-temperature 2.3–2.4 eV emission observed under excitation around 3.90–3.95 eV. The structure and parameters of their relaxed excited states were determined. It was concluded that the origin of defects responsible for the green emission of the first type could vary for different crystals. The centres of the second type with the emission around 2.5 eV appear in crystals containing oxygen vacancies after the thermal destruction of Pb+-WO3 centres at T>180 K. Decomposition of the exciton and various defect-related states was also studied, and activation energies of this process were calculated. 相似文献
3.
The cation distribution in spinel-related titanium-substituted lithium ferrite, Li0.5+0.5xFe2.5−1.5xTixO4 has been explored using interatomic potential and ab initio calculations. The results suggest that the cation distribution with Ti4+ substituting for Fe3+ on octahedral B sites and excess Li+ substituting for Fe3+ on tetrahedral A sites is stabilised by the formation of clusters of two octahedrally coordinated Ti4+ ions and one tetrahedrally coordinated Li+ ion linked through a common oxygen. 相似文献
4.
5.
Erik Woldt 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2002,63(4):699-704
The paper investigates whether a change from a homogeneous to an inhomogeneous dislocation distribution, assumed to be caused by a slight additional deformation, can lead to an increase of the recrystallization temperature of a deformed metal. In this case, the higher temperature would indicate a more stable deformation structure despite the increase of stored energy. The recrystallization temperature is related to the growth rate. Hence, the steady state velocity of a recrystallization front moving either parallel or vertically to the stripes of a simplified two-dimensional heterogeneous dislocation distribution of parallel sections of higher and lower dislocation densities is calculated. The results show that if a front growths through the high and low density sections in series an overall slower rate despite higher mean dislocation density is, indeed, possible. However, growing in the parallel arrangement always leads to a higher growth rate compared with the homogeneous case of slightly less stored energy. Since in a real structure the faster growth is likely to succeed, the recrystallization temperature observed will be lowered with additional deformation in accordance with experimental experience. 相似文献
6.
We have utilized a variable energy positron beam and infrared transmission spectroscopy to study defects in GaAs epilayers
grown at low temperatures (LT-GaAs) by molecular beam epitaxy. We have measured the Doppler broadening of the positron-electron
annihilation gamma ray spectra as a function of positron implantation energy. From these measurements, we have obtained results
for the depth profiles of Ga monovacancies in unannealed LT-GaAs and Ga monovacancies and arsenic cluster related defects
in annealed LT-GaAs. We have also studied the effects of the Si impurities in annealed LT-GaAs. The infrared transmission
measurements on unannealed LT-GaAs furnish a broad defect band, related to As antisites, centered at 0.370 eV below the conduction
band. 相似文献
7.
Frank Abild-Pedersen Ole Lytken Jakob Engbk Gunver Nielsen Ib Chorkendorff Jens K. Nrskov 《Surface science》2005,590(2-3):127-137
We have, theoretically and experimentally, investigated the dissociation of methane on the terraces and steps of a Ni(1 1 1) surface. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) total energy calculations combined with Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) experiments, we find that the steps exhibit a higher activity than the terraces. We have, furthermore, investigated how carbon and sulfur present on the surface will deactivate the steps, leaving only the terraces active. We find the intrinsic sticking probabilities of methane on the steps and terraces at 500 K to be 2.8 × 10−7 for the steps and 2.1 × 10−9 for the terraces, in complete agreement with our calculated difference in activation energy of 17 kJ/mol. 相似文献
8.
Summary Samples of synthetic leucite and boron-substituted leucite are investigated by infrared spectroscopy and spectrally resolved
thermoluminescence. Evidence is obtained in favour of the assumption that point defects in aluminosilicate lattices are originated
by exchanges of Si+4 and Al+3 ions lying in different cells. 相似文献
9.
M. Guignard V. Nazabal F. Smektala J.‐L. Adam O. Bohnke C. Duverger A. Moréac H. Zeghlache A. Kudlinski G. Martinelli Y. Quiquempois 《Advanced functional materials》2007,17(16):3284-3294
High second‐order susceptibilities are created by thermal poling in bulk germanium disulfide based chalcogenide glasses. Experimental conditions of the poling treatment (temperature, voltage, time) were optimized for each glass composition. The second‐order nonlinear signals were recorded by using the Maker fringes experiment and a second‐order coefficient χ(2) up to 8 pm V–1 was measured in the Ge25Sb10S65 glass. This value is obtained using a simulation based on accurate knowledge of the thickness of the nonlinear layer. Two mechanisms are proposed to explain the creation of a nonlinear layer under the anode: the formation and the migration of charged defects towards the anode may mainly occur in Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 and Ge25Ga5S70 glasses, whereas the migration of Na+ ions towards the cathode may be responsible for the accumulation of negative charges under the anode in Ge33S67 and Ge25Sb10S65 glasses. Different electronic conductivity behaviors seem to be at the origin of the phenomenon. In parallel, the potential effect of the poling treatment on the structural and electronic properties is studied using Raman spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements. 相似文献
10.
We study the aggregation of oxygen dipoles well dispersed in a CaF2 crystal upon annealing at temperatures ranging from 370 to 420 K. The concentration of oxygen dipoles is monitored by measuring the intensity of the ionic thermocurrent peak as well as by absorption and luminescence spectroscopies. Results from three methods agree within experimental error and yield an activation energy of (1.2±0.1) eV for the diffusion of isolated oxygen centres in the crystal. 相似文献