N—BOC—8—氨甲基—2—萘甲酸的改进合成法

以２－萘甲酸为原料，经硝化，酯化，重氮化，选择性催化氢化，ＢＯＣ酸酐保护等六步反应，完成了Ｎ－ＢＯＣ－８氨甲基－２－萘甲酸（１ａ）的合成，为化合物１的合成提供了新的合成途径。     

Simple and Selective Removal of the t‐Butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) Protecting Group on Indoles,Pyrroles, Indazoles,and Carbolines

A highly selective and efficient deprotection of the N‐t‐butoxy carbonyl (N‐Boc) group on indoles, pyrroles, indazoles, and carbolines has been achieved in high yields using a catalytic amount of NaOMe as a base in dry MeOH, at ambient temperature.     

BOC(10,5)信号的调制与解调

讨论了卫星导航中BOC调制解调的原理和实现方法,并着重研究了接收机的码跟踪技术。首先阐述了BOC信号体制出现的国际背景及信号特点,并介绍了BOC（10,5）信号形式和频谱特性,然后简要介绍了信号调制的方法,最后重点讨论信号解调方法。针对BOC信号多峰结构的自相关特性,分别研究并比较了两种解调方案,最后综合两者特点提出了组合式解调恢复方法。     

伽利略系统BOC信号的特性及码跟踪方法研究

为了节省卫星频率资源并提高导航信号的可靠性,新一代的导航定位系统采用了一种更有效的调制方式-BOC调制,它具有与BPSK之间串扰小、抗衰落能力强等诸多优点.但由于BOC调制信号特性比较复杂,因此加大了接收处理的难度.本文主要从理论上介绍了BOC和Alt-BOC的调制方式和信号产生方法、调制后信号的频谱特性以及自相关函数特性,依此分析了BOC信号自相关结果的多峰值特性和由此特性造成的跟踪和锁定难度的增加,以及相应于其频谱特性栽的信号处理方法.并在此基础上提出了一种能提高码跟踪可靠性的基带信号相关处理方法,Matlab仿真结果表明此方法有较好的效果,能提高码跟踪的可靠性.     

基于DSP的BOC信号捕获算法实现

针对BOC调制信号自相关函数多峰值造成的捕获模糊性问题,提出一种基于相关函数的去模糊性捕获算法。该算法能消除接收信号载频的影响;根据BOC伪码的相关函数计算原理构造与收信号相关的两路本地信号;根据相关结果的对称性,通过简单数学运算组成一个完全无模糊性的相关函数。理论分析和仿真结果表明,相比ASPeCT算法及重构相关算法,提出的捕获算法的主峰均值比例更高,副峰均值比例更低。在两径信道中,当时延小于一个码片时,该算法的主峰能量可达100%。利用TMS320C5509A芯片进行算法验证,进一步验证了该算法的有效性。     

Forensic differentiation of biogenic organic compounds from petroleum hydrocarbons in biogenic and petrogenic compounds cross-contaminated soils and sediments

“Total petroleum hydrocarbons” (TPHs) or “petroleum hydrocarbons” (PHCs) are one of the most widespread soil pollutants in Canada, North America, and worldwide. Clean-up of PHC-contaminated soils and sediments costs the Canadian economy hundreds of million of dollars annually. Much of this activity is driven by the need to meet regulated levels of PHC in soil. These PHC values are legally required to be assessed using standard methods. The method most commonly used in Canada, specified by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), measures the total hydrocarbon concentrations in a soil by carbon range (Fraction 1: C₆–C₁₀; Fraction 2: C₁₀–C₁₆, Fraction 3: C₁₆–C₃₄: and Fraction 4: C₃₄+). Using the CCME method, all of the materials extractible by a mixture of 1:1 hexane:acetone are considered to be petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants. Many hydrocarbon compounds and other extractible materials in soil, however, may originate from non-petroleum sources. Biogenic organic compounds (BOCs) is a general term used to describe a mixture of organic compounds, including alkanes, sterols and sterones, fatty acids and fatty alcohols, and waxes and wax esters, biosynthesized by living organisms. BOCs are also produced during the early stages of diagenesis in recent aquatic sediments. BOC sources could include vascular plants, algae, bacteria and animals. Plants and algae produce BOCs as protective wax coating that are released back into the sediment at the end of their life cycle. BOCs are natural components of thriving plant communities. Many solvent-extraction methods for assessing soil hydrocarbons, however, such as the CCME method, do not differentiate PHCs from BOCs. The naturally occurring organics present in soils and wet sediments can be easily misidentified and quantified as regulated PHCs during analysis using such methods. In some cases, biogenic interferences can exceed regulatory levels, resulting in remediation of petroleum impacts that are not actually present. Consequently, reliance on these methods can trigger unnecessary and costly remediation, while also wasting valuable landfill space. Therefore, it is critically important to develop new protocols to characterize and differentiate PHCs and BOCs in contaminated sediments. In this study, a new reliable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method, in combination with a derivatization technique, for characterization of various biogenic compounds (including biogenic alkanes, sterols, fatty acids and fatty alcohols) and PHCs in the same sample has been developed. A multi-criteria approach has been developed to positively identify the presence of biogenic compounds in soil and sediment samples. More than thirty sediment samples were collected from city stormwater management (SWM) ponds and wetlands across Canada. In these wet sediment samples, abundant biogenic n-alkanes, thirteen biogenic sterols, nineteen fatty carboxylic acids, and fourteen fatty alcohols in a wide carbon range have been positively identified. Both PHCs and BOCs in these samples were quantitatively determined. The quantitation data will be used for assessment of the contamination sites and toxicity risks associated with the CCME Fraction 3 hydrocarbons.     

余弦相位BOC信号互相关延迟无模糊跟踪方法

二进制偏移载波调制信号（Binary Offset Carrier,BOC）是具有高精度和抗多径潜质的导航信号,然而余弦相位BOC(Cosine-phased BOC,CosBOC) 信号的自相关函数（Auto-correlation Function,ACF）的复杂多峰易引起跟踪模糊且难以消除。根据CosBOC信号形状码向量设计出本地辅助信号,与接收到信号相关运算形成子互相关函数,再进行延迟移位、线性组合和非线性处理获得无模糊相关函数,从而消除副峰并实现无模糊跟踪。针对CosBOC(10,5)的仿真结果表明,当载噪比大于27 dB-Hz时,该方法的码跟踪精度优于类二进制相位键控（Binary Phase Shift Keying Like,BPSK Like）法和伪相关函数（Pseudo-correlation Function,PCF）法,且该方法的多径误差包络面积小于BPSK Like方法和PCF方法。     

NMR和XAFS方法研究溶液中杯芳冠醚与碱金属离子配位化学

给出了1,3-二辛氧基杯[4]芳烃冠醚-6(25,27-bis-octyloxy-calix[4]arene-26,28-crown-6, BOC6)和杯[4]芳烃双冠醚-6(1,3-alternate biscrown-6, BisC6)晶体结构参数, 用NMR(CDCl₃作溶剂)和XAFS(X-ray absorption fine structure)方法研究了邻硝基苯甲醚(o-nitro-phenyl methyl ether, NPME)和正辛醇(n-octyl alcohol, OA)溶液中BOC6和BisC6与碱金属离子的配位行为. 结果表明: 铯离子的嵌入使得杯芳冠醚分子中冠醚链的对称性明显提高; 在溶液中,配合物分子中铯离子的配位数为7, 7个氧的配位是一种稳定结构.     

BOC调制伪码跟踪热噪声误差研究

介绍了BOC调制的定义,研究了BOC调制伪码跟踪热噪声误差Cremer-Rao界与调制参数之间的关系,所得结论可为BOC调制信号参数设计提供理论指导。分析了GPS和Galileo接收机伪码跟踪热噪声的理论误差,可为GPS和Galileo接收机伪码跟踪算法性能评价提供参考。     

导航信号的BOC调制方式

BOC调制方式适应导航发展的新需要,它实现了频谱分裂以充分利用现有频段资源,且具有比传统BPSK调制方式更好的相关性能,从而可以提高根据相关特性测距的精度。介绍了BOC调制信号的频谱、功率谱和相关函数的特点。针对BOC调制信号相关函数的多峰结构容易造成捕获模糊,提出了3种相应的接收处理方法:类似BPSK的单边带处理方法、峰跳法和一种无模糊跟踪鉴相器算法。