Multi-Step Continuous-Flow Organic Synthesis: Opportunities and Challenges

Continuous-flow multi-step synthesis takes the advantages of microchannel flow chemistry and may transform the conventional multi-step organic synthesis by using integrated synthetic systems. To realize the goal, however, innovative chemical methods and techniques are urgently required to meet the significant remaining challenges. In the past few years, by using green reactions, telescoped chemical design, and/or novel in-line separation techniques, major and rapid advancement has been made in this direction. This minireview summarizes the most recent reports (2017–2020) on continuous-flow synthesis of functional molecules. Notably, several complex active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have been prepared by the continuous-flow approach. Key technologies to the successes and remaining challenges are discussed. These results exemplified the feasibility of using modern continuous-flow chemistry for complex synthetic targets, and bode well for the future development of integrated, automated artificial synthetic systems.     

下一代网络开放业务接口的研究

下一代网络是基于业务驱动的网络,开放性是下一代网络的重要特征。在分析研究一些典型的开放接口技术基础上,针对Parlay X业务呼叫接口存在的缺陷,提出Parlay X增强型业务呼叫接口的改进方案,并给出其实现模型。通过使用增强型呼叫接口,应用开发商不需要掌握详细的电信知识,就能对呼叫进行持续并且有效的监控,并且以更为灵活的交互方式为用户提供丰富多彩的特殊资源。     

电信运营商的富通信业务发展策略

通过分析GSMA推动的富通信套件计划的商用现状和发展方向,提出电信运营商富通信业务的发展思路,重点阐述短信、即时通信、RCS、能力开放业务的发展路线和发展策略。     

Heterogeneous Catalysis to Drive the Waste-to-Pharma Concept: From Furanics to Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

A perspective on the use of heterogeneous catalysis to drive the waste-to-pharma concept is provided in this contribution based on the conversion of furanics to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The provided overview of the concept in this perspective article has been exemplified for two key molecule examples: Ancarolol and Furosemide.     

Polymorphism in 3‐acetyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one

A new polymorph (denoted polymorph II) of 3‐acetyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one, C₁₁H₈O₄, was obtained unexpectedly during an attempt to recrystallize the compound from salt–melted ice, and the structure is compared with that of the original polymorph (denoted polymorph I) [Lyssenko & Antipin (2001). Russ. Chem. Bull. 50 , 418–431]. Strong intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds are observed equally in the two polymorphs [O...O = 2.4263 (13) Å in polymorph II and 2.442 (1) Å in polymorph I], with a slight delocalization of the hydroxy H atom towards the ketonic O atom in polymorph II [H...O = 1.32 (2) Å in polymorph II and 1.45 (3) Å in polymorph I]. In both crystal structures, the packing of the molecules is dominated and stabilized by weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds. Additional π–π stacking interactions between the keto–enol hydrogen‐bonded rings stabilize polymorph I [the centres are separated by 3.28 (1) Å], while polymorph II is stabilized by interactions between α‐pyrone rings, which are parallel to one another and separated by 3.670 (5) Å.     

采用COM技术定制音视频通信系统

基于Windows平台，采用面向对象编程技术，通过调用Microsoft NetMeeting开发包提供的COM组件接口函数，实现了一个多媒体网络音视频通信系统。系统具有开发周期短、集成方式灵活、运行速度快、占用带宽少、兼容性好等诸多优点。     

太赫兹技术在药物化学研究领域中的应用*

太赫兹(THz)技术及其应用研究近些年发展迅速,许多研究表明该技术在国防安全、信息通信、材料、环境、化学和生物医学等领域有巨大的应用前景。本文就近年来利用太赫兹光谱和太赫兹成像技术在药物化学领域中的应用研究进行综述。介绍了太赫兹时域光谱技术（THz-TDS）在药物活性成分（Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, APIs）的检测、异构体的区分、药物的多晶型和假多晶型的鉴别以及混合物的定性与定量分析等方面取得的研究成果和进展;阐述了太赫兹成像技术在分析药物的物理化学性质和包衣膜厚度、密度、结构特性,以及监测产品的一致性和完整性方面的应用优势。此外,还介绍了太赫兹技术在药物动力学研究及药物生产过程分析中的创新性应用研究。     

A Fault-Tolerant Architecture for Parlay Application Server

1　IntroductionIntheNext GenerationNetwork (NGN ) [1 ]context,theconceptofApplicationServers (AS)shouldbeanevolutionofWeb basedASwhichisabletocreate,host,executeandmanagethenext generationenhancedservicesthoughaccessingandcontrollingSoftswitch[2 ] ormediaservers.There fore ,ASshouldbeanIT platformthatplaystheroleofIN SCFextendingtheirfunctionalityinordertocoverthenewnetworkscenarios[3] .AScanac cessandcontrolSoftswitchthroughthestandardprotocols (e .g .SIP[4] )andopenAPIs(e.g .Par…     

Quantitative Analysis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) Using a Potentiometric Electronic Tongue in a SIA Flow System

An advanced potentiometric electronic tongue and Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA) measurement system was applied for the quantitative analysis of mixtures containing three active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs): acetaminophen, ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid, in the presence of various amounts of caffeine as interferent. The flow‐through sensor array was composed of miniaturized classical ion‐selective electrodes based on plasticized PVC membranes containing only ion exchangers. Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis of the steady‐state sensor array responses, measured in API mixtures prepared by the SIA system permitted a correct quantitative analysis of acetylsalicylic acid and ascorbic acid. Further optimization using multiway PLS fed by dynamic responses without additional feature extraction did not improve significantly the resolution of acetaminophen. Lastly, the chemometric treatment, involving the extraction of dynamic components of the transient response employing the Wavelet transform, the removal of less‐significant coefficients by means of Causal Index pruning and training of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the selected coefficients, allowed the simultaneous determination of all the three studied APIs, while counterbalancing any interference due to caffeine.