超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4/超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的输运性质

采用热压法获得了具有不同混合比例的超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4/超高分子量聚乙烯导电复合材料,并利用x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和标准四引线方法对复合材料的结构和低温电输运性质进行测量.实验结果显示,超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4颗粒随机分布在聚合物本体中,相互间没有连接构成网络结构.在正常态下,复合材料的电阻-温度变化曲线给出类半导体行为.但对应于超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4的超导转变温度Tc处,复合材料的电阻-温度变化曲线出现了极小值.室温下电阻率ρ随外加电场强度E的变化曲线测量结果表明,ρ-E曲线为一线形关系,随着电场强度E增加,电阻率ρ下降.文中对可能存在的导电机制进行分析,结果表明隧道贯穿模型可以很好地解释复合材料的导电机制.另外,外加电场强度E对复合材料的电输运特性有明显的影响.     

富锂掺杂Li1.06Co0.05Cr0.1Mn1.85O4的合成及电化学性能研究

锂离子电池具有比能量高、功率大、使用寿命长、无记忆效应、性能价格比高等优点,从而成为可充式电源的主要选择对象.锰由于资源丰富、价廉、环境友好等优点,使锰酸锂(LiMn2O4)成为最有希望取代钴酸锂的正极材料.但锰酸锂的放电容量相对较低,结构欠稳定,容量衰减严重,作为正极材料还无法与钴酸锂相比,近年来做了大量的研究工作以改善它的电化学性能[1～6].最近Youngjoon Shin等研究发现[7]用少量的Li与Ni共同替代LiMn2O4中的Mn得到的LiMn2-2yLiyNiyO4的电化学性能要优于单元素替代的LiMn2-xMxO4(M=Li,Cr,Fe,Co,Ni)的电化学性能.     

Zn,Ni,Mg高掺杂La1.85Sr0.15CuO4的晶体结构比较

对Zn ,Ni,Mg高掺杂的La1.85Sr0 .15CuO4 (LSCO)超导体的X射线衍射谱进行了仔细的分析 ,从而获得了各掺杂样品的晶格常量、原子结构参量及衍射的峰形参量 ,比较了不同掺杂所引起的晶体结构的差异 ,计算了由于掺杂所产生的晶格内部的微应变 ,结果表明非磁性金属Zn ,Mg掺杂比磁性金属Ni掺杂更强烈地抑制了LSCO的超导电性可能与材料中晶格的微应变有关     

Factors affecting the superconductivity in the process of depositing Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ by the pulsed electron deposition technique

On SrTiO₃ single crystal substrate, by using the pulsed electron deposition technique, the high-quality electron doped Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4−δ superconducting film was successfully fabricated. After careful study on the R-T curves of the obtained samples deposited with different substrate temperatures, thicknesses, annealing methods and pulse frequencies, the effects of them on the superconductivity of the films were found, and the reasons were also analyzed. Additionally, by using the same model of the pulsed laser deposition technique, the relation between the target-to-substrate distance and the deposition pressure was drawn out as a quantitative one. Supported by the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. Z605131), the ‘100 Talents Project’ of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Creative Research Group of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60321001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60571029)     

The Pr2Se3-PrSe2 system: Studies of the phase relationships and the modulated crystal structure of PrSe1.85

Thermochemical investigations have been carried out to elucidate the phase relationships in the system Pr₂Se₃-PrSe₂ and to construct the p_Se-T-x diagram. The result of the tensimetric and thermogravimetric studies showed the thermal decomposition of PrSe₂ to be a step-wise process due to the formation of a sequence of discrete intermediate phases with the compositions PrSe_1.9, PrSe_1.85, PrSe_1.8, and Pr₂Se₃. PrSe_1.85 and PrSe_1.8 have been previously considered as selenium-deficient non-stoichiometric phases. Conclusions derived from the thermodynamic study were verified by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy studies on single crystals of PrSe_1.85 which were obtained from reactions of praseodymium and selenium in stoichiometric amounts in a KCl flux at 1070 K. A two-dimensional modulation could be observed for PrSe_1.85 in X-ray and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The structure of PrSe_1.85 was solved and refined in superspace group P4/n()(β-α)00 with lattice parameters of a=4.137(1) Å, c=8.398(2) Å of the basic unit cell and α=β=0.293(1). The origin of the modulation can be attributed to a site occupancy wave and a charge density wave in its planar selenium layer. The experimentally determined magnetic moments indicate Pr³⁺ for the polyselenides PrSe₂, PrSe_1.9 and PrSe_1.85.     

甘氨酸-硝酸盐法制备Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.85阳极材料的研究

采用甘氨酸-硝酸盐法制备了Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.85(GDC82)阳极材料。用TGA-DSC对前驱体物料烧结过程进行分析。用XRD,SEM,直流四探针法,TPR等技术对材料的性能进行表征。前驱体物料经燃烧后,900℃下烧结4 h后,得到单一萤石结构的材料。在50~850℃范围内,GDC82材料在空气气氛下的电导率整体较小,且随温度的升高变化不大,在850℃为0.05 S.cm-1。GDC82在H2气氛下的总电导率整体增加,且随温度的升高而迅速增加,850℃达到0.4 S.cm-1。GDC82与电解质材料La1-xSrxGa1-yMgyO3-δ(LSGM)混合物在1200℃下烧结15 h后,有少量MgCe杂相生成。GDC82与La1-xSrxCr1-yMnyO3-δ(LSCM)阳极材料化学相容性较好。GDC82对氢气和甲烷具有较好的催化氧化效果。     

电子型超导体(Ln1.85Ce0.15)CuO4-y的结构和超导性

自La-Ba(Sr)-Cu-O高温超导体发现以来,已经得到了许多含铜的氧化物超导体,这些超导体中都含有一个Cu以八面体或四方锥配位的CuO_2平面,载流子是空穴。1989年初日本Tokura等人首先发现了电子型超导体(Ln_(1.85)Ce_(0.15))CuO_(4-y),Ln=Pr,Nd,Sm。相继报导了这一系列的其他几个超导体:(Pr_(1.85)Th_(0.15))CuO_(4-y)和(Eu_(1.85)Ce_(0.15))CuO_(4-y)(Nd_(1.85)Th_(0.15))CuO_(4-y),Nd_2CuO_(4-y)Fy。这类超导体的Tc都在20K左右,载流子是电子,CuO_2面内的Cu为四方形配位。将这一类超导体的结构称为T′相结构,相应地称K_2NiF_4型的La_(2-x)Sr_xCuO_4的结构为T相结构。两种晶体结构示于图1。两年多来,寻找更高T_c的电子型超导体是超导界所关心的问题之一,具     

Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4－δ单晶c-轴方向电阻的低场行为

采用自助熔剂缓冷法成功地生长出了Nd_1.85Ce_{0. 15}CuO_4-δ单晶，其零场下零电阻温度约为21K. 在0—0.5T范围内分别测量了磁场平行和垂直样品表面的电阻转变曲线以及0.5T不同角度下的电阻转变曲线. 结果显示磁场平行和垂直样品表面时的转变温度T_p随磁场的变化均服从H=H₀(1-T_p(h)/T_p(0))²关系. 0.5T 关键词： 1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4-δ单晶')" href="#">Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4-δ单晶 输运性质     

Investigations of oxide superconductors by x-ray absorption,photoemission and cognate spectroscopies

X-ray absorption spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectra and Auger spectra of cuprate superconductors are discussed. The studies establish the absence of Cu³⁺ for all practical purposes, but point out the importance of oxygen holes. X-ray photoelectron spectra of BaBi_0.25Pb_0.75O₃ and related compounds are also examined.     

Zn,Ni,Mg高掺杂La1.85Sr0.15CuO4的晶体结构比较

对Zn,Ni,Mg高掺杂的La_1.85Sr_0.15CuO₄(LSCO)超导体的X射线衍射谱进行了仔细的分析,从而获得了各掺杂样品的晶格常量、原子结构参量及衍射的峰形参量,比较了不同掺杂所引起的晶体结构的差异,计算了由于掺杂所产生的晶格内部的微应变,结果表明非磁性金属Zn,Mg掺杂比磁性金属Ni掺杂更强烈地抑制了LSCO的超导电性可能与材料中晶格的微应变有关. 关键词： 1.85Sr_0.15CuO₄')" href="#">La_1.85Sr_0.15CuO₄ 磁、非磁掺杂 原子结构参量 晶格微应变