小麦花粉萌发孔与雄性不育关系初探

本文运用扫描电镜和ATP酶细胞化学标记技术，对同核异质和异质同核T型、V型、K型雄性不育系花粉粒萌发孔内、外结构特征以及ATP酶活性分布变化进行了研究。结果不仅观察到花粉粒萌发孔孔盖的突出程度与花粉粒败育的早晚成正相关，而且还观察到萌发孔孔盖与孔环的接触程度与不育系的恢复度有关。进一步分析研究认为萌发孔孔盖突出的不同程度是由萌发孔区Zwischenkorper层与内壁的缺乏和结构异常造成的，微丝的解聚在Zwischenkorper层和内壁两者结构破坏过程中起着重要的作用。     

用不变矩实现花粉粒显微图像的归一化

显微图像易受光照、视角、方位、噪声等的影响.在这些因素的作用下,同一类显微图像的不同变形体差距有时大于另一类图像,因此进行显微图像识别以前需要进行图像的归一化.本文推导了基于变形雅可比(p=4,q=3)-傅立叶矩的草药花粉粒显微图像的归一化标准,并对8种中蒙花药显微特征图像进行归一化实验,发现同一种花粉粒图像不同变形体归一化后的矩值方差明显小于归一化前.另外,用加权最小平均距离分类器对320个花粉粒归一化显微图像进行初步识别实验,平均识别率达97.4%.     

离子注入对黑松花粉粒细胞核的损伤效应

利用激光扫描共聚焦显微技术和碱性单细胞凝胶电泳技术对经过离子注入后的黑松花粉粒内细胞核的直接损伤效应进行了观察鉴定。 研究结果表明, 离子注入后可以直接损伤细胞核结构, 导致细胞核裂解。 细胞核的损伤程度与注入离子的剂量密切相关, 即细胞核DNA分子的损伤程度随着注入离子剂量的增加而提高。 The damage of pollen nuclei of Pinus thunbergii induced directly by ion implantation were measured by the laser confocal microscopy technique and the single cell gel electrophoresis test. The results showed that ion implantation caused the nuclei structure to be damaged, leading to the nuclei degradation. The results of statistical analysis showed that the damage grade of nuclei was very correlative with the ion dosage. The damage degree of DNA in the nuclei at the level of single cells was increased with the increase of the ion implantation dose.     

不同辐照源对黑松花粉粒的生物学效应

研究了N+离子束、 紫外线和γ射线辐照对黑松花粉粒的影响, 对3种辐射源在诱发花粉粒细胞出现损伤效应上的差异性进行了比较分析。 研究结果表明, 3种辐照源对黑松花粉粒萌发和花粉管生长所表现出的效应存在明显的差异。 γ射线的剂量效应曲线表现为近S型; 紫外线辐照的剂量效应曲线呈现出近L型; 离子束的生物学效应主要在两个方面表现出特异性, 即离子束所导致的剂量 效应曲线呈“马鞍型”趋势和N+离子束注入后会诱发花粉管顶端产生出明显的肿胀现象。The effects of pollens and pollen tubes of Pinus thunbergii induced respectively by N+ beam, γ ray and ultraviolet ray were measured , and the differences of the effects caused by the different radiant factors were distinguished. The results showed that there was obvious difference in the damages of the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth led by the radiant factors. The curve of dose effects from γ ray irradiation was similarly S type, and that from ultraviolet ray treatment approximately L type . The effects from ion implantation expressed the two characteristics, the curve of the saddle type and the top inflation of pollen tube.