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1.
A. L. Ivanovskii 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2007,43(1):1-27
The present state of research on the production and modeling of nanostructures based on titanium carbide-a typical representative
of an extensive class of carbides of d-and f-metals-is reviewed. Methods for the synthesis of various Ti-C nanostructures
(molecular clusters, nanocrystallites, nanospheres, nanofibers, nanowires) are examined, and their morphology, atomic structure,
and known physicochemical characteristics are described. Theoretical models of the atomic structure and properties of new
types of nanostructures in the titanium-carbon system (endo-and exohedral titanofullerenes, “hybrid” structures based on carbon
nanotubes, the so-called peapods, nanocables, and a number of others) and the prospects for their application as components
of nanoceramics, hydrogen accumulators, materials for spintronics, etc. are discussed.
__________
Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 1–23, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
2.
Michael Grätzel 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1994,2(1-3):673-677
Transparent nanocrystalline films of oxide semiconductors such as TiO2 and Fe2O3 have been prepared on a conducting glass support employing a sol-gel procedure. The films are composed of nanometer-sized particles sintered together to allow for percolative charge carrier transport. The internal surface of these films is very high, roughness factors of the order of 1000 being readily obtained. Electric polarization was applied for forward and reverse biasing of the films and the resulting optical changes have been analyzed to derive their flat band potential. Band gap excitation of such nanocrystalline semiconductors produces electron-hole pairs which migrate through the film to be collected as electric current. Steady state photolysis and time resolved laser techniques have been applied to scrutinize the mechanism of light induced charge separation within the nanostructure. When derivatized with a suitable chromophore, TiO2 films give extraordinary efficiencies for the conversion of incident photons into electric current, exceeding 90% for certain transition metal complexes within the wavelength range of their absorption band. The underlying physical principles of these astonishing findings will be discussed. Exploiting this discovery, we have developed a new type of photovoltaic device whose overall light to electric energy conversion yield is 10% under simulated AM 1.5 solar radiation. 相似文献
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本文利用表面光电压谱(Surface Photovohage spectroscopy,简称SPS)研究了ZnTPP对TiO_2粉末的光谱敏化,发现用ZnTPP修饰后的TiO_2(金红石和锐钛矿)粉末在可见区420、550和590nm附近有三个光伏响应带,它们分别对应于ZnTPP的Soret、Q(1,0)和Q(0,0)带。经过严格的实验和分析,证明这三个带是由ZnTPP对TiO_2的敏化光电压引起的,而不是ZnTPP自身的光伏响应。在敏化效果上,亚稳的锐钛矿优于金红石。同时,我们对这种光敏表面的光诱导电荷转移机制和SPS作为一种研究光谱敏化方法的可行性进行了讨论。 相似文献
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The investigated materials have similar routes of thermal decomposition; i.e. they lose their crystal water first, then at
a higher temperature their structural one. At least the result TiP2O7 goes through a phase change at about 1000 K. The amorphous titanium phosphate lost its crystal and structural water at higher
temperature than those of crystalline forms. Both α- and γ-titanium phosphates and also their transition metal containing
forms have layered structure. In case of α- and γ-forms after the loss of crystal water a phase change occurs which is followed
by the decomposition of the molecule. Various transition metals containing γ-titanium phosphates lose their crystal water
at the same temperature, with the exception of Ni containing ones. The process is finished in this case at temperature 90
K higher than that of the others.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
环境中排放的重金属离子Cu!对水生和陆生生物有强的毒害性。饮用水中Cu!的浓度高于1.0mg·L-1时,将会导致人畜得血色沉着病和胃肠粘膜病[1]。Cu!无法进行生物降解,除去废水中Cu!的常见方法有离子交换、置换、化学沉淀等[2],然而这些方法需要消耗大量的化学试剂,成本高。近来,研 相似文献
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首次研究了铝铁合金溴化物的合成及其对直链烷烃异构化反应的催化作用,讨论了正戊烷的异构化反应,得到其动力学方程为1nC/C_0=-0.50t,表观活化能为26.3 kJ/moJ,测定了正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷在不同溶剂中、不同温度下催化异构化反应的动力学曲线,为铝铁合金溴化物的工业应用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
Preparation and characterization of nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalyst in different acid environments
Ye Cong Ling Xiao Jinlong Zhang Feng Chen Masakazu Anpo 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2006,32(8):717-724
Nitrogen-doped TiO2 powders were successfully prepared by a wet method, i.e., a micro-emulsion-hydrothermal method, in different acid environments.
Several characterization techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible diffuse
reflectance spectra, were combined to determine the crystal phase, concentration and chemical states of the nitrogen doped
in TiO2. The high photocatalytic activity of the nitrogen-doped TiO2 was evaluated through the decomposition of rhodanmine B under visible light irradiation. It was suggested that the doped
nitrogen formed oxynitride (NO) and produced impurity states at higher above the valence band of TiO2. Therefore, the nitrogen doping could enhance the response of photocatalyst to the visible light and improve the photocatalytic
activity because of the narrowing of band gap of TiO2. 相似文献