Picosecond control of coherent magnetisation dynamics in permalloy thin films by picosecond magnetic field pulse shaping

We have measured the response of a 20×10 μm, 8 nm thin NiFe (80:20) permalloy film due to excitation by short in-plane magnetic field pulses. We will show that using a two-pulse-technique a complete control of the precessional motion of the magnetisation can be achieved on picosecond timescales. Furthermore, we will present numerical calculations which show that a complete suppression of magnetisation ringing after switching can only be realised by a cascade of short field pulses.     

Theory and experiment of spatially and temporally partially coherent speckle shearing interferometry

The theory and experiment of spatially and temporally partially coherent speckle shearing interferometry is reported in this rapid communication for the first time. The general requirements for the surface roughness and coherence area of a diffuse object surface in spatially and temporally partially coherent speckle shearing interferometry are discussed. An experimental verification is presented and the results of theory and experiment are in good agreement.     

Broadband spectral shaping in a Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier

A birefringent crystal quartz plate of known thickness has been used as a spectral filter for spectral shaping in a Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier. The spectral profile of the amplified pulse ejected from the regenerative amplifier was observed while adjusting the birefringent crystal plate in the cavity. By altering the gain spectrum, the bandwidth of the regeneratively amplified pulse was increased from 18 to 35 nm by using a 0.34-mm thick birefringent plate. The output pulse spectrum from the regenerative amplifier neared the bandwidth of the seed pulse. As a comparison, we used a coated filter outside the regenerative amplifier cavity, and the bandwidth of the regeneratively amplified pulse was stretched to 28 nm. When the bandwidth was stretched to 35 nm, the pulse was compressed to 35 fs.     

塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件的开发

针对当前学生实习面临的困难，以Authorware为开发工具，编制了塑料成型工艺实习CAI课件，整个软件图文并茂，图像，动画，解说，音乐相结合，形象地介绍了塑料各种成型工艺的主要原理，生产设备，工艺流程和相关产品，应用本软件学生可以进行模拟实习，该软件激发了学生学习的兴趣，提高了实习质量。     

Electrochemical machining of metals: Fundamentals of electrochemical shaping

Basic problems of metal electrochemical shaping theory are considered. Exact and approxi1mate (quasi-steady-state, locally one-dimensional) methods for solving direct and inverse problems are analyzed. Experimental methods for improving the electrochemical shaping accuracy are considered.Translated from Elektrokhimiya, Vol. 40, No. 12, 2004, pp. 1438–1480.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Davydov, Volgin, Lyubimov.     

Linear quadratic regulator for laser beam shaping

The performance of an adaptive optics system depends on multiple factors, including the quality of the laser beam before being projected to the mesosphere. In general, cumbersome procedures are required to optimize the laser beam in terms of amplitude and phase. However, aberrations produced by the optics of the laser beam system are still detected during the operations due to, for example, uncertainty in the utilized models. In this paper we propose the use of feedback to overcome the presence of model uncertainty and disturbances. In particular we use a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) for closed loop laser beam shaping using a setup of two deformable mirrors. The proposed method is studied and simulated to provide an automatic optimization of the Amplitude of the laser beam. The performance of the LQR control algorithm is evaluated via numerical simulations using the root mean square error (RMSE). The results show an effective amplitude correction of the laser system aberrations after 20 iterations of the algorithm, a RMSE less than 0.7 was obtained, with about 140 actuators per mirror and a separation of z=3 [m] among the mirrors.     

Generation and Propagation of Optical Superoscillatory Vortex Arrays

Superoscillation is an intriguing wave phenomenon which enables subwavelength features propagating into far field and hence has potential applications in super‐resolution microscopy as well as particle trapping and manipulation. While previous demonstrations mostly concentrate on designing complicated nanostructures for generating uncontrollable superoscillatory functions, here a new technique which allows for creating polynomially shaped superoscillatory functions that contain phase singularity arrays is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. Such a technique is implemented in optical experiments for the first time and controllable superoscillatory lobes with feature much below the diffraction limit is achieved. More importantly, a general theoretical framework, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported before, is developed to show how the created superoscillations propagate to a distance of many Rayleigh ranges and eventually disappear when the distance is sufficiently larger. The validity of the model is confirmed by the experiments. The results may trigger further studies in light field shaping and manipulations in subwavelength scale.     

Optical pulse shaper with integrated slab waveguide for arbitrary waveform generation using optical gradient force

Integrated optical pulse shaper opens up possibilities for realizing the ultra high-speed and ultra wide-band linear signal processing with compact size and low power consumption. We propose a silicon monolithic integrated optical pulse shaper using optical gradient force, which is based on the eight-path finite impulse response. A cantilever structure is fabricated in one arm of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer（MZI） to act as an amplitude modulator. The phase shift feature of waveguide is analyzed with the optical pump power, and five typical waveforms are demonstrated with the manipulation of optical force. Unlike other pulse shaper schemes based on thermo–optic effect or electro–optic effect, our scheme is based on a new degree of freedom manipulation, i.e., optical force, so no microelectrodes are required on the silicon chip,which can reduce the complexity of fabrication. Besides, the chip structure is suitable for commercial silicon on an insulator（SOI） wafer, which has a top silicon layer of about 220 nm in thickness.     

Recent advances in wavefront shaping techniques for biomedical applications

Due to the highly inhomogeneous distributions of refractive indexes, light propagation in complex media such as biological tissue experiences multiple light scattering events. The suppression and control of multiple light scattering events are investigated because they offer the possibility of optical focusing and imaging through biological tissues, and they may open new avenues for diagnosis and treatment of several human diseases. In order to provide insight into how new optical techniques can address the issues of multiple light scattering in biomedical applications, the recent progress in optical wavefront-shaping techniques is summarized.     

高功率激光装置前端系统激光脉冲的时间整形及修正技术

针对激光惯性约束聚变实验研究对高功率激光驱动器前端系统复杂时间形状种子激光脉冲的需求,应用孔径耦合带状线集成波导整形系统设计了满足需要的前端整形激光脉冲。用一种新方法精确计算了孔径耦合带状线电脉冲整形器的耦合系数和孔径宽度的数值关系,并针对高衬比度整形激光脉冲的需求,提出了高衬比度双极型集成波导整形系统方案。由该系统可以得到100 ps脉冲前沿、1～3 ns脉冲宽度可调、高衬比度(大于100:1)、光滑无纹波调制、可精确满足神光Ⅱ八路及第九路装置需求的前端整形激光脉冲。