气相色谱仪的技术指标测算方法

通过对气相色谱各项技术指标及意义的介绍，使应用者娴熟地掌握气相色谱的各项技术指标和测算方法，正确的表达分析检测结果。     

A Framework for Monitoring Progress and Planning Teaching Towards the Effective Use of Computer Algebra Systems

This article suggests a framework to organise a cluster of variables that are associated with students' effective use of computer algebra systems (CAS) in mathematics learning. Based on a review of the literature and from the authors' own teaching experience, the framework identifies the main characteristics of students' interactions with CAS technology and how these may be used to monitor students' developing use of CAS; from this, the framework may be used to plan teaching in order to gain greater benefit from the availability of CAS. Four case studies describing students' development over a semester are reported. These demonstrate a variety of combinations of technical competencies and personal attributes. They indicate the importance of both the technical and personal aspects but suggest that negative attitudes rather than technical difficulties can limit the effective use of CAS. Finally practical suggestions are given for teaching strategies which may promote effective use of CAS.This revised version was published online in September 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Hydrogen Oxidation on a Platinum Microelectrode: Effect of Carbon Monoxide Impurities

The kinetics of the hydrogen oxidation and the CO adsorption on a Pt (ultra)microelectrode is studied in a 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution saturated with a mixture of gaseous H₂ and CO at partial CO pressures p _CO = 10–500 ppm. The balance between rates of diffusion and adsorption of CO at different adsorption times is studied. Studied is the effect of CO impurities in H₂ on steady-state polarization curves for the hydrogen ionization and nonsteady-state curves of the oxidation current decay with time at 0.02–0.05 V. Conditions under which in a certain time interval and at a certain CO concentration the slope of an I vs. t curve is proportional to p _CO are determined. The obtained dependence may be used when designing a technique for monitoring CO impurities in technical hydrogen.     

基于三阶段SBM模型的中国节能服务上市企业效率研究

节能服务企业效率对于推动节能服务产业发展和确保国家“双碳”目标实现具有重要意义。运用三阶段SBM模型,对2020年60家中国节能服务上市企业的综合效率进行实证研究,并分析效率的影响因素。研究结果表明,经济发展水平对综合效率具有双重影响,合适的产业结构和较高的投入资本回报率有利于综合效率提升,而政府补贴与企业存续时间制约了综合效率改进;剔除环境因素与随机误差影响后,多数企业综合效率下降,整体效率偏低;提高规模效率是提升综合效率的关键,且绝大部分企业处于规模收益递增状态。研究最后提出创新补贴方式、建立企业认证制度、开展综合能源服务和推动企业间兼并重组等可行建议,以提升节能服务企业的综合效率。     

我国化学纤维新品种的发展

本文紧紧围绕发展我国化纤新品种的现状和展望,提出由“产品先导型”向“技术先导型”、由“市场开发型”向“发展型”过渡的发展展望。按化纤新品种几种主要发展途径,侧重就我国化纤新品种的成就,如:合成新的高聚物,化学、物理(包括结构)改性和纱线、织物后整理等,特别对共聚、共混、多种复合技术改性等,进行了重点讨论。     

沉淀二氧化硅消光剂的制备研究

涂料中的消光剂是一类能够改变涂膜表面光学性能的助剂。这类助剂能够在涂膜表面产生预期微粗糙度,使涂膜的光泽显著降低,给人一种古朴典雅的感觉。近几年来,我国的涂料工业方兴未艾,涂料总产量也跃居世界的前列。在这期间高光泽的亮光涂料以其色泽鲜艳、明亮等优点深受消费者的喜爱,并在相当长的时间内一统着涂料市场[1]。但是,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,一方面消费者感觉到了高光泽的亮光涂料成膜后反光比较严重,对人的眼睛有害;另一方面消费者的审美观念越来越倾向于休闲、时尚和个性化。这些因素就导致了人们对具有柔和外观的低光泽涂…     

Terpenes in organic synthesis

A seven-step synthesis ofS-(+)-hydroprene (S-1) in 20 % overall yield starting fromS-(+)-3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadiene (2) of 55+-10 % optical purity is described. The introduction of an optical enhancement step in the synthetic sequence at the stage ofS-(–)-3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol (9) raises the optical purity ofS-1 from 50 % to 80 %.For part 13, see. ref.¹ Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 342–348, February, 1993.     

轻稀土萃取分离工艺技术经济评价

在传统、三出口、组合联动轻稀土萃取分离工艺研究分析的基础上,设计开发了带模糊分离和置换萃取等技术的组合联动轻稀土萃取分离新工艺流程,并与传统工艺进行了技术经济比较。经比较证明,组合联动轻稀土分离新工艺先进合理,充槽投资更省,生产成本更低,生产废水排放更少。     

Identification and characterization of impurities in an insecticide,bifenthrin technical

The HPLC‐DAD and GC/MS methods were successfully used for the identification and characterization of the impurities in an agrochemical insecticide, bifenthrin technical. Three impurities ranging from 0.175%–0.541% were detected by the HPLC‐DAD method. The LC/MS technique with ESI or APCI source failed to detect the impurities detected by HPLC‐DAD, due to lack of ionization in ESI or APCI. The three impurities were enriched by prep‐HPLC, and then their structures were elucidated based on the GC/EIMS and CIMS data. The EI mass spectra of bifenthrin and its impurities displayed molecular ion and provided structure indicative fragment ions; the CIMS data further confirmed their molecular weight. The identity of the impurity 1 was further confirmed by the synthesis of the authentic sample followed by NMR and GC/MS data.     

锂离子电容器(LIC)产业前沿技术研究进展

新能源战略体系的建设和电子技术的飞速发展对储能器件的性能提出了更高的要求,锂离子电容器是将锂离子电池和双电层电容器“内部交叉”的新型混合储能器件,兼具高能量密度和高功率密度,近年来引起了国内外的广泛关注.本文阐述了锂离子电容器的工作原理和国内外产业发展现状,总结了碳负极的预赋锂技术、电极材料与体系匹配性研究等关键技术前沿的研究成果,并提出了后续产业化研究中所需要解决的实际问题.