地铁车站火灾风险的模糊综合评价

根据地铁车站火灾的特点,确定地铁车站火灾风险的评价指标体系及权重.运用模糊数学原理,建立地铁车站火灾风险的模糊综合评价模型,并应用模型对某地铁车站火灾风险进行评价,较好的反映该地铁车站火灾安全的实际状况.方法为地铁车站火灾风险评价提供了新的思路,也为地铁车站火灾的防治提供理论依据.     

LIMIT STATE DETERMINATION FOR A SUBWAY STATION STRUCTURE BY INCREMENTAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS1)

-5 表征地下结构抗震性能的研究不多,而性能化设计方法需要确定结构物在地震作用下的极限状态. 本文根据地铁车站特点,从结构变形性能和止水性能两个方面定义了抗震性能的四个极限状态,并以结构最大层间位移角 作为特征指标. 以上海某多层地铁车站为背景,建立了土--结构二维有限元模型,采用增量动力分析法 研究该类结构的抗震极限状态,建立了增量动力分析法的地震动强度指标结构底部峰值加速度与结构性能指标最大层间位移角 的关系曲线,给出了该地铁车站结构4个极限状态的最大层间位移角界限值.     

利用地铁隧道风能发电的设计与研究

当今世界,随着社会发展,能源是经济之本,是人类生活的依存。本项目对地铁隧道风力发电展开研究,从了解地铁隧道风能的特征入手,通过理论分析结合实验验证,制作实体模型辅助研究,做出初步可行性分析,认定方案可行,然后提出有效利用地铁风力发电的创新设计方案,其中包括羽状风叶、差速装置和机械蓄能装置,并以此为基础设计了整套地铁隧道风力发电设计。该设计是对室内环境风力发电的率先探索,通过研究可得出：利用地铁隧道风力发电设计是一种新的能源利用形式,并有一定应用前景。     

Passenger management strategy and evacuation in subway station under Covid-19

Under the background of Covid-19 sweeping the world, safe and reasonable passenger flow management strategy in subway stations is an effective means to prevent the spread of virus. Based on the social force model and the minimum cost model, the movement and path selection behavior of passengers in the subway station are modeled, and a strategy for passenger flow management to maintain a safe social distance is put forward. Take Qingdao Jinggangshan Road subway station of China as the simulation scene, the validity of the simulation model is verified by comparing the measured value and simulation value of the time required for passengers from getting off the train to the ticket gate. Simulation results indicate that controlling the time interval between incoming passengers at the entrance can effectively control the social distance between passengers and reduce the risk of epidemic infection. By comparing the evacuation process of passengers under different initial densities, it is found that the greater the initial density of passengers is, the longer the passengers are at risk social distance. In the process of passenger emergency evacuation, the stairs/escalators and ticket gates are bottleneck areas with high concentration of passenger density, which should be strictly disinfected many times on the basis of strictly checking the health code of incoming passengers and controlling the arrival time interval. The simulation results of this paper verify the harmfulness of passenger emergency evacuation without protective measures, and provide theoretical support for the operation and management of subway station under the epidemic situation.     

A Calculation Method of Passenger Flow Distribution in Large-Scale Subway Network Based on Passenger–Train Matching Probability

The ever-increasing travel demand has brought great challenges to the organization, operation, and management of the subway system. An accurate estimation of passenger flow distribution can help subway operators design corresponding operation plans and strategies scientifically. Although some literature has studied the problem of passenger flow distribution by analyzing the passengers’ path choice behaviors based on AFC (automated fare collection) data, few studies focus on the passenger flow distribution while considering the passenger–train matching probability, which is the key problem of passenger flow distribution. Specifically, the existing methods have not been applied to practical large-scale subway networks due to the computational complexity. To fill this research gap, this paper analyzes the relationship between passenger travel behavior and train operation in the space and time dimension and formulates the passenger–train matching probability by using multi-source data including AFC, train timetables, and network topology. Then, a reverse derivation method, which can reduce the scale of possible train combinations for passengers, is proposed to improve the computational efficiency. Simultaneously, an estimation method of passenger flow distribution is presented based on the passenger–train matching probability. Finally, two sets of experiments, including an accuracy verification experiment based on synthetic data and a comparison experiment based on real data from the Beijing subway, are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The calculation results show that the proposed method has a good accuracy and computational efficiency for a large-scale subway network.     

地铁车站的客流模拟

本文以上海地铁车站（一号线）结构设计图为基础，对车站乘客流动状况建立随机模型，产生车站建成运行后乘客流动情况的模拟图形，从而验证车站设计的合理性，并可辅助车站设计。     

地铁电气柜通用测试仪的硬件设计

地铁控制系统是一个庞大的电气控制系统,在控制系统中包含大量的控制电路和逻辑器件;在地铁系统出厂投入运行之前必须确保控制系统的安全性以及其逻辑功能的准确性,为此对控制系统中所有电气柜的检测是一个必不可少的工序;而以往大多采用人工检测方法,效率低也容易引起人为操作错误;为了能够高效、准确地对电气柜内的接线和元件的逻辑组态进行检测,文章研究并设计开发一种通用电气柜逻辑测试仪,测试仪提供1 000个普通测试点和10个大功率测试点,接线使用标准的接线器,检测操作简单、可靠性高;文章研制的测试仪已成功应用于地铁电气柜的测试中。     

地铁隧道工程的应力监测

本文利用应变电测法，对天津地铁隧道工程进行现场应力监测。为保证施工安全和优化工程设计，提供了可靠测试数据。     

基于类型化的城市地铁站点用地开发研究——以杭州地铁1号线为例

地铁已逐渐成为我国大城市重要的公共交通方式,其线路建设对城市用地开发具有深远影响。以杭州地铁1号线为例,利用聚类分析法,对2007―2018年3个时间段的102个站点周边土地开发状况进行了类型化分析,并探讨了各类型的用地特征、空间分布、变动模式、变动影响因素等。3个时间段的102个站点可分为7大类23小类,其用地构成表现出较大的多样性和较强的区位选择性,其变动模式多由郊外型向居住型、居住+服务设施型等转变,非建设用地和新居住用地的开发、服务功能的提升、老小区和工业用地的撤退等是类型变动的主要影响因素,共同引导站点周边用地内部的功能转变,并影响城市空间结构。     

基于社团结构的城市地铁网络模型研究

本文运用复杂网络理论, 对我国北京、上海、广州和深圳等城市的地铁网络进行了实证研究. 分别研究了地铁网络的度分布、聚类系数和平均路径长度. 研究表明, 该网络具有高的聚类系数和短的平均路径长度, 显示小世界网络的特征, 其度分布并不严格服从幂律分布或指数分布, 而是呈多段的分布, 显示层次网络的特征. 此外, 它还具有重叠的社团结构特征. 基于实证研究的结果, 提出一种基于社团结构的交通网络模型, 并对该模型进行了模拟分析, 模拟结果表明, 该模型的模拟结果与实证研究结果相符. 此外, 该模型还能解释其他类型的复杂网络(如城市公共汽车交通网络)的网络特性. 关键词： 复杂网络 地铁网络 小世界 社团