Wave turbulence and intermittency in directional wave fields

The evolution of surface gravity waves is driven by nonlinear interactions that trigger an energy cascade similarly to the one observed in hydrodynamic turbulence. This process, known as wave turbulence, has been found to display anomalous scaling with deviation from classical turbulent predictions due to the emergence of coherent and intermittent structures on the water surface. In the ocean, waves are spread over a wide range of directions, with a consequent attenuation of the nonlinear properties. A laboratory experiment in a large wave facility is presented to discuss the sensitivity of wave turbulence on the directional properties of model wave spectra. Results show that the occurrence of coherent and intermittent structures become less likely with the broadening of the wave directional spreading. There is no evidence, however, that intermittency completely vanishes.     

pH-Sensitive Oscillatory Motion of a Urease Motor on the Urea Aqueous Phase

A self-propelled object coupled with an enzyme reaction between urease and urea was investigated at the air/aqueous interface. A plastic object that was fixed to a urease-immobilized filter paper was used as a self-propelled object, termed a urease motor, placed on an aqueous urea solution. The driving force of the urease motor is the difference in the surface tension around the object. Oscillatory motion or no motion was triggered depending on the initial pH of the urea solution. Both the frequency and maximum speed of the oscillatory motion varied depending on the initial pH of the water phase. The mechanisms underlying the oscillatory motion and no motion were discussed in relation to the bell-shaped enzyme activity of urease in the enzyme reaction and the surface tension around the urease motor.     

Nano-sized Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes and their use as a precursor for synthesis of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles: A study on their sonochemical synthesis,characterization, and DNA-binding/cleavage,anticancer, and antimicrobial activities

Two new divalent copper (C1) and zinc (C2) chelates having the formulae [M(PIMC)₂] (where M = Cu(II), Zn(II) and PIMC = Ligand [(E)-3-(((3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)imino)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one] were obtained and characterized by several techniques. Structures and geometries of the synthesized complexes were judged based on the results of alternative analytical and spectral tools supporting the proposed formulae. IR spectral data confirmed the coordination of the ligands to the copper and zinc centers as monobasic tridentate in the enol form. Thermal analysis, UV-Vis spectra and magnetic moment confirmed the geometry around the copper center to be tetrahedral, square pyramidal and octahedral. Study of the binding ability of the synthesized compounds with Circulating tumor DNA (CT-DNA) bas been evaluated applying UV-Vis spectral titration and viscosity measurements. The copper and zinc oxides were achieved from the copper and zinc nano-particles structures Schiff base complexes as the raw material after calcination for 5 hr at 600°C. On the other hand, synthesized of C1 and C2 NPs were used as suitable precursors to the preparation of CuO and ZnO NPs. Finally, the synthesized of the two complexes exhibited enhanced activity against the tested bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli) and fungal strains (Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus) as compared to HPIMC. Among all these synthesized compounds, C1 exhibits good cleaving ability compared to other newly synthesized C2.     

Design and development of a two‐dimensional system based on hydrophilic and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with on‐line sample treatment for the simultaneous separation of excreted xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites in urine

In the present work we describe a two‐dimensional liquid chromatographic system (2D‐LC) with detection by mass spectrometry (MS) for the simultaneous separation of endogenous metabolites of clinical interest and excreted xenobiotics deriving from exposure to toxic compounds. The 2D‐LC system involves two orthogonal chromatographic modes, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) to separate polar endogenous metabolites and reversed‐phase (RP) chromatography to separate excreted xenobiotics of low and intermediate polarity. Additionally, the present proposal has the novelty of incorporating an on‐line sample treatment based on the use of restricted access materials (RAMs), which permits the direct injection of urine samples into the system. The work is focused on the instrumental coupling, studying all possible options and attempting to circumvent the problems of solvent incompatibility between the RAM device and the two chromatographic columns, HILIC and RP. The instrumental configuration developed, RAM‐HILIC‐RPLC‐MS/MS, allows the simultaneous assessment of urinary metabolites of clinical interest and excreted compounds derived from exposure to toxic agents with minimal sample manipulation. Thus, it may be of interest in areas such as occupational and environmental toxicology in order to explore the possible relationship between the two types of compounds. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Character of the thermal motion of water molecules according to the data on quasielastic incoherent scattering of slow neutrons

The paper discusses the applicability of quasi-crystalline approximation to describing the thermal motion of water molecules in their normal and supercooled states. The problem is subjected to the critical analysis of experimental data on incoherent scattering of slow neutrons based on theories developed by Singwi-Sjolander [1] and Oskotsky [2] modified to duly take into account the limited applicability range of diffusion approximation. The applicability conditions of quasi-crystalline approximation are shown to be consistently satisfied only when water is in supercooled state and within a narrow temperature range above the melting temperature.     

ON THE CONVERGENCE OF MULTIPLICATIVE ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS WITH INEXACT LINE SEARCH

1.IntroductionIntillspaperweanalyzetheconvergenceonmultiplicativeiterativealgorithmsfortheIninimizationofadiffcrentiablefunctiondefinedonthepositiveorthantofR".ThealgorithmissllggestedbyEggermolltl'],andisrelatedtotheEM[2](Expextation--Maximization)algoritllnlforPositronemissiontonlography[']andimagereconstructi..14].Wecollsidertheproblenl"linf(x)s.t.x20.Themultiplicativeiterativealgorithmshavethel'orlniforj=l,2,',n,withAhdeterminedthroughalinesearch.Whilelusem[5]establishedanelegantconv…     

一种全局运动的图像处理算法研究

在摄像机进行航拍的图像处理系统中,由摄像机运动所引起的视频运动,背景变化是主要特点。在进行图像采集时,每个像素都在变化,采用传统的图像编码方式进行图像压缩,压缩效果比较差。提出了基于块分割的精确运动估计算法,它是一种很好的图像压缩方法。     

COMPACT COUPLED LINEAR TAPERED LINE BANDPASS FILTER WITH TWO TRANSMISSION ZEROS

A new compact bandpass filter composed of two coupled linear tapered line resonators (LTLRs) is designed. The two resonators are arranged in different layers. The filter has two transmission zeros on both sides of the passband. It has small size and steep response below its passband. It is also shown that this filter has 0.6 dB low insertion loss at the centre frequency and 10.5% 3dB bandwidth. This work was supported by the Development Foundation of Shanghai Educational Committee (217608) and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (T0102).     

A rational approximation and its applications to nonlinear partial differential equations on the whole line

An orthogonal system of rational functions is discussed. Some inverse inequalities, imbedding inequalities and approximation results are obtained. Two model problems are considered. The stabilities and convergences of proposed rational spectral schemes and rational pseudospectral schemes are proved. The techniques used in this paper are also applicable to other problems on the whole line. Numerical results show the efficiency of this approach.     

带干扰的多险种风险模型

由于保险公司风险经营规模不断扩大,用单一险种的模型来描述风险过程存在局限性,本文讨论了带干扰多险种风险模型,应用鞅论方法,得出伦德伯格不等式和最终破产概率公式。