Versatile Near-Infrared Super-Resolution Imaging of Amyloid Fibrils with the Fluorogenic Probe CRANAD-2

CRANAD-2 is a fluorogenic curcumin derivative used for near-infrared detection and imaging in vivo of amyloid aggregates, which are involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We explore the performance of CRANAD-2 in two super-resolution imaging techniques, namely stimulated emission depletion (STED) and single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), with markedly different fluorophore requirements. By conveniently adapting the concentration of CRANAD-2, which transiently binds to amyloid fibrils, we show that it performs well in both techniques, achieving a resolution in the range of 45–55 nm. Correlation of SMLM with atomic force microscopy (AFM) validates the resolution of fine features in the reconstructed super-resolved image. The good performance and versatility of CRANAD-2 provides a powerful tool for near-infrared nanoscopic imaging of amyloids in vitro and in vivo.     

The energy-critical nonlinear wave equation with an inverse-square potential

We study the energy-critical nonlinear wave equation in the presence of an inverse-square potential in dimensions three and four. In the defocussing case, we prove that arbitrary initial data in the energy space lead to global solutions that scatter. In the focusing case, we prove scattering below the ground state threshold.     

355nm Nd∶YAG激光在H_2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd∶YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2∶He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究。在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%)。由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%。通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出。对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论。     

Zone specificity in low energy electron stimulated desorption of Cl from reconstructed Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7:Cl surfaces

Diffraction in electron stimulated desorption has revealed a propensity for Cl⁺ desorption from rest atom vs. adatom areas and unfaulted vs. faulted zones of Cl-terminated Si(1 1 1)-(7 × 7) surfaces. We associate the 15 eV ± 1 eV threshold with ionization of Si-Cl σ-bonding surface states and formation of screened two-hole states with Si 3s character. Similar specificity is observed from A and B reconstructions. This can be due to reduced screening in unfaulted regions and increased hole localization in Si back-bonds within faulted regions.     

Collisional excitation of Na-Rydberg atoms

The scattering of heavy ion with a multilevel Rydberg atom in the presence of an electromagnetic field is studied. The interaction of Rydberg atom and the e.m field is explored using non-perturbative quasi-energy technique. Although the results are presented for selected excitations but in actual calculations we have included many levels of the atom. The effect of various parameters are shown on collisional excitation process. As an illustration detailed calculations are performed for the inelastic proton-Na Rydberg atom collision accompanied by the transfer of photons and the effects of dressing due to the field are considered. The emphasis of the present work is on collision induced transitions especially the case that involves change of orbital as well as principal quantum number. Received 26 December 2001 / Received in final form 8 April 2002 Published online 19 July 2002     

聚丙烯孔洞铁电驻极体膜的电极化及其电荷动态特性

根据栅控恒压电晕充电组合反极性电晕补偿充电法的实验结果计算出铁电驻极体的极化强度.结果说明，伴随着薄膜内孔洞气体的Paschen击穿，该铁电体的极化强度随栅压增加而显著上升.利用上述充电方法和热刺激放电(TSD)谱的分析讨论了这类空间电荷型宏观电偶极子，及与其补偿的空间电荷热退极化的电荷动态特性；阐明了这两类俘获电荷的能阱分布，即构成宏观电偶极子的位于孔洞上下介质层内的等值异号空间电荷分别被俘获在深、浅两种能值陷阱内，而位于薄膜表面层的注入空间电荷则被俘获在中等能值陷阱中. 关键词： 反极性电晕补偿充电法 铁电驻极体 充电电流 热刺激放电     

High energy asymptotics of the scattering amplitude for the Schrödinger equation

We find an explicit function approximating at high energies the kernel of the scattering matrix with arbitrary accuracy. Moreover, the same function gives all diagonal singularities of the kernel of the scattering matrix in the angular variables. This paper is dedicated to Jean-Michel Combes on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday.     

Generation of UV laser light by stimulated Raman scattering in D2, D2/Ar and D2/He using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 355nm

A pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 355nm is used to pump Raman cell filled with D_2, D_2/Ar and D_2/He. With adequately adjusted parameters, the maximum photon conversion efficiency of the first-order Stokes light (S_1, 396.796nm) reaches 33.33% in D_2/Ar and the stability of S_1 in pure D_2 is fairly high, the energy drift being less than 10% when the pump energy drifts in the range of 5%. The conversion efficiency and stability, which are functions of the composition and pressure of the Raman medium and the energy of pump laser, are investigated. The result has been used to optimize the laser transmitter system for a differential absorption lidar system to measure NO_2 concentration profiles.     

Two-Frequency Brillouin Fiber Laser Based on Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Cavity

A novel and simple two-frequency Brillouin fiber laser is presented. It is based on a fiber Fabry-Perot cavity with fiber Bragg gratings as reflectors. The model of stimulated Brillouin scattering in fiber grating-based Fabry-Perot resonator is investigated. The laser allows conversion efficiency of close to 100% and suppresses the higher-order Stokes waves. The theoretical prediction is presented and the experimental demonstration is realized.     

连续照明时成像对比度与气象条件的关系

 通过同轴激光连续照明成像模型分析了大气后向散射对成像对比度的影响，得出了考虑散射因素时成像对比度的计算公式。基于不同气象条件下大气粒子散射特点，讨论了霾和雾两种不同天气时成像对比度随照明距离的变化规律，并与实验结果进行了对比，计算结果与实验吻合较好。