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1.
2.
The thermal decomposition characteristics of1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane (DATH) and multi-component systems containing
DATH were studied by using DSC, TG and DTG techniques. Three –NO2 groups in the DATH molecule break away first from the main chain when DATH is heated up to 200°C. Following this process,
the azido groups and the residual molecule decompose rapidly to release a great deal of heat within a short time. In the multi-component
systems, DATH undergoes a strong interaction with the binder of the double-base propellant and a weak interaction with RDX.
The burning rates of the two propellants were determined by using a Crawford bomb. The results showed that the burning rate
rises by about 19–66% when 23.5%DATH is substituted for RDX in a minimum smoke propellant. Meanwhile, the N2 level in the combustion gases is enhanced, which is valuable for a reduction of the signal level of the solid propellant.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Nogami Masayuki Nagakura Takehito Hayakawa Tomokatsu Kasuga Toshihiro 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2000,19(1-3):253-256
Persistent spectral hole burning was studied in Eu3+ ions-doped Al2O3-SiO2 glass prepared by a sol-gel method. The gel synthesized by the hydrolysis of Si- and Al-alkoxides and EuCl3·6H2O was heated in air and hydrogen gas atmospheres. For the glass heated in air to contain OH bonds, the hole was formed by the photoinduced rearrangement of the OH bonds surrounding the Eu3+ ions, and was thermally refilled and erased above 200 K. On the other hand, the glass heated in hydrogen gas showed the hole spectrum above 200 K. It was found that the hole depth was independent of the temperature and was 7% of the total intensity at room temperature. The proposed mechanism was the electron transfer between the Eu3+ ions and the defect centers formed in glass matrix. 相似文献
4.
Sm2+-doped glasses in the system of Al2O3-SiO2 were prepared by sol-gel processing of metal alkoxides and reacting with H2 gas at 800°C. The hole burning properties of these glasses were investigated. The holes were burned in the 7F0 5D0 line of the Sm2+ ions using a DCM dye laser at 77 K. The hole depth increased with increasing the laser irradiation time, reaching up to 15% of the total intensity within a few hundred seconds. The hole width was 3 cm–1 full width at half maximum. Fluorescence line narrowing spectra of the 5D0 7 F1 transition were analyzed to study the local structure surrounding the Sm2+ ion. It is concluded that the Sm2+ ions are closely coordinated with nine oxygens of the AlO6 group in aluminosilicate glasses and that the addition of Al3+ ions into glass induces an increase in the coordination number of the Sm2+. 相似文献
5.
Ricardo H. M. Godoi Ana F. L. Godoi Anna Worobiec Sandro J. Andrade Johan de Hoog Mary R. Santiago-Silva Rene Van Grieken 《Mikrochimica acta》2004,145(1-4):53-56
Biomass burning is an important primary and secondary source of aerosol particles. The presence of carbonaceous particles in the respirable size range makes the study of this fraction important in view of possible health and climatic effects. The annual burning of sugar cane plantations causes emission of huge amounts of pyrogenic particles. Aerosol samples were collected in Araraquara city, São Paulo state, Brazil, during the harvest season for fine and coarse particles and bulk; they were analysed by electron-probe microanalysis, including facilities for low-Z element determination (low-Z EPMA) and by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), in order to investigate the elemental composition of individual particles and bulk samples, respectively. Numerical analysis of the EPMA results by hierarchical clustering shows high contributions of carbonaceous particles that can be distinguished mainly in two different types: biogenic and carbon-rich. Additionally, two significant contributions of aluminosilicate particles were identified: as rather pure aluminosilicates or mixed with carbonaceous species. The EDXRF results are compatible with those of aerosol particles in Amazon, which is nowadays one of the main sources of biogenic particles in the world. 相似文献
6.
炸药燃烧的高温高压气体产物可以进入基体裂纹中引发炸药表面热传导燃烧,形成所谓的对流燃烧。在一定约束条件下,不断上升的气体压力反过来又使炸药基体产生更多的裂纹,为对流燃烧提供更多的通道和燃烧表面积,快速生成大量产物气体导致高烈度反应现象的产生。本文中设计了一种新型强约束球形装药中心点火实验,针对一种HMX为基的PBX炸药,对高烈度反应条件下燃烧裂纹传播和反应增长过程进行了观测,实验中采用测得的反应压力和壳体速度历程对反应烈度进行了量化表征。在带窗口结构中,早期炸药中的燃烧裂纹不可见;中期燃烧裂纹扩展到药球表面时,先形成4条沿经线方向近似对称的主裂纹,随后环向贯通并扩展到整个药球表面;最后的剧烈反应造成强烈发光。上述反应演化经历低压增长阶段约为100 μs,之后伴随着壳体变形膨胀产生剧烈的反应,此时产物压力在约10 μs时间内超过1 GPa,并形成约20%相对于裸炸药爆轰的超压输出。在全钢结构中,20 mm厚的壳体膨胀速度最大可达到500 m/s,此时壳体完全破裂。
相似文献7.
Synthesis,anti‐migration and burning rate catalytic mechanism of ferrocene‐based compounds 下载免费PDF全文
Zain‐ul ‐Abdin Haojie Yu Li Wang Muhammad Saleem Hamad Khalid Nasir M. Abbasi Muhammad Akram 《应用有机金属化学》2014,28(8):567-575
One of the most important components of solid rocket propellant is the burning rate catalysts (BRC) which enhance burning rate of solid composite propellant. Low‐pressure exponents and stable burning rate are the key features of an excellent solid propellant. Addition of BRC to the propellant results in the increase of burning rate of the propellant and decrease in pressure exponents. Among all BRC, ferrocene‐based BRC have attracted much attention because of their better microscopic homogeneities in distribution, ignitability of the propellants and good compatibility with organic binder. However, the main barrier for the development and practical applications of ferrocene‐based BRC is their migration property. This article reviews the field and highlights recent progress. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
The “hole burning” in continuous vibronic absorption spectra on photobleaching of dye solutions was usually investigated by two methods. 相似文献
9.
10.
采用摩擦氧浓度实验方法, 结合原位观察、扫描电镜、能谱仪和X-射线衍射分析, 系统研究Ti-V-Cr 阻燃钛合金燃烧产物的微观组织形貌、燃烧反应过程的合金元素分布规律及微观机理. 结果表明: Ti-V-Cr 阻燃钛合金燃烧过程发出闪亮耀眼的白光, 具有典型金属燃烧的火焰特征. 燃烧产物主要有TiO2, V2O5和Cr2O3三种氧化物, 该混合氧化物以分散颗粒和致密连续体存在. 分散颗粒为规则的球形; 致密连续燃烧产物的微观组织具有分区特征, 从合金基体至燃烧表面依次为过渡区、热影响区、熔凝区和燃烧区. 其中, 过渡区存在一些微小的颗粒状凸起, 且有一定方向性; 热影响区中形成大量V基固溶体相和少量的Ti基固溶体相, V基固溶体相上存在Ti的含量远高于基体的针状析出物; 熔凝区中, 大量的Ti基固溶体中存在少量的V基固溶体; 燃烧区主要为Ti, V和Cr的氧化物混合物. 热影响区的V基固溶体相降低了Ti元素向熔凝区的迁移速率, 减慢了燃烧区Ti与O的优先反应; 燃烧区形成的TiO2, V2O5和Cr2O3混合氧化物和熔凝区O在Ti中大量固溶共同终止了O向合金基体的继续扩散, 从而使Ti-V-Cr阻燃钛合金表现出优异的阻燃功能性. 相似文献