50W功率放大器的研制

介绍了一种L波段50W功率放大器的研制情况,采用功率合成技术获得了61W的输出功率,放大器增益大于40dB。给出了1W功放、10W功放和八路功率分配器的设计分析过程。     

同轴快沿脉冲源研制与测试

 利用脉冲高压陶瓷电容器和高气压小间隙开关，研制了60 kV同轴式高压快沿脉冲源。利用自行研制的薄膜式电容分压器和同轴式电阻分压器对快沿脉冲源的输出参数进行测量，分析了薄膜式电容分压器的测试原理，对电容分压中二级电阻分压器元件的参数进行了优化。当脉冲源负载为50 W时，测得脉冲源输出电压的前沿小于2.3 ns，半高宽约28 ns，符合IEC电磁脉冲的最新标准。     

Analytical devices based on light-emitting diodes – a review of the state-of-the-art

A general overview of the development of the uses of light-emitting diodes in analytical instrumentation is given. Fundamental aspects of light-emitting diodes, as far as relevant for this usage, are covered in the first part. The measurement of light intensity is also discussed, as this is an essential part of any device based on light-emitting diodes as well. In the second part, applications are discussed, which cover liquid and gas-phase absorbance measurements, flow-through detectors for chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, sensors, as well as some less often reported methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy.     

磁绝缘传输线电压的初步测量

针对快脉冲直线变压器驱动源装置上的真空磁绝缘传输线（MITL)电压测量的需求,开展了微分型电容分压器和电感分压器的设计、标定和实验。通过不同的电压值、负载阻抗的装置实验中探头输出结果的分析和比较,讨论了测量方法的可行性和适用范围。实验结果表明：微分型电容分压器能够应用于完全磁绝缘状态下的MITL电压测量,但容易受阴极电子发射的影响导致探头输出波形发生畸变。电感分压器受分布电容和电感的影响导致输出信号存在寄生振荡,采用波形重建的方法初步获得了合理的测量结果。     

一种新颖的简易凸透镜自动测焦设计方法

提出一种凸透镜自动测焦的设计方法。该方法直接从凸透镜焦距定义出发,应用凸透镜汇聚平行光于焦点测量其焦距,平行光采用激光器→扩束-准直镜获得。巧妙运用光敏电阻阵列设计解决调"共轴"问题,恰当设计测量过程轻松给出焦距测试结果。设计集光机电技术于一体,各部分技能又都很基础,具有广泛的实用性,整体设计方案可拓性也很强,具有较高的教学价值。     

紧凑型X-pinch装置探头标定

 介绍了紧凑型X-pinch脉冲功率装置的电流电压测量设计方法。根据该装置的同轴传输线结构特点,研制了一种利用金属膜连接传输线外筒与负载外筒,构成回路测量负载电流的探头。在传输线末端设计电容分压器作为测量负载电压的探头,并利用电路模拟软件对此过程进行模拟,同时这两个探头需要进行在线标定。实验研究结果表明,该探头性能稳定、响应快,是测量负载电流与电压的理想工具。     

Measurement of microchannel fluidic resistance with a standard voltage meter

A simplified method for measuring the fluidic resistance (R_fluidic) of microfluidic channels is presented, in which the electrical resistance (R_elec) of a channel filled with a conductivity standard solution can be measured and directly correlated to R_fluidic using a simple equation. Although a slight correction factor could be applied in this system to improve accuracy, results showed that a standard voltage meter could be used without calibration to determine R_fluidic to within 12% error. Results accurate to within 2% were obtained when a geometric correction factor was applied using these particular channels. When compared to standard flow rate measurements, such as meniscus tracking in outlet tubing, this approach provided a more straightforward alternative and resulted in lower measurement error. The method was validated using 9 different fluidic resistance values (from ∼40 to 600 kPa s mm⁻³) and over 30 separately fabricated microfluidic devices. Furthermore, since the method is analogous to resistance measurements with a voltage meter in electrical circuits, dynamic R_fluidic measurements were possible in more complex microfluidic designs. Microchannel R_elec was shown to dynamically mimic pressure waveforms applied to a membrane in a variable microfluidic resistor. The variable resistor was then used to dynamically control aqueous-in-oil droplet sizes and spacing, providing a unique and convenient control system for droplet-generating devices. This conductivity-based method for fluidic resistance measurement is thus a useful tool for static or real-time characterization of microfluidic systems.     

自积分式电容分压器的频率响应特性

为了测量电缆中传输的ns量级脉冲高电压,设计了自积分电容分压器并开展了频率响应特性分析。为分压器设计了不同的补偿电阻,并使用含有杂散参数的等效电路进行分析。仿真结果表明：分压器低频特性的主要影响因素是等效取样电阻与低压臂电容乘积得到的时间常数;高频特性主要受电容的杂散电感和取样电阻的杂散电容影响。增大时间常数扩展低频特性时,会导致杂散参数的影响加剧而使分压器高频特性变差。采用方波实验和扫频测量两种方法实测了不同参数分压器的频响特性。结果表明：补偿电阻为550 Ω的电容分压器频响上限超过2 GHz;但是低频特性不足,频率下限约为1.8 MHz;而补偿电阻为6.6 kΩ,且调整结构的电容分压器带宽为0.17~700 MHz,能够满足测试需求。     

一种在真空中测量脉冲高电压的电阻分压器

为测量快脉冲直线变压器驱动源（LTD）二极管负载的脉冲高电压,设计了在真空环境中使用的电阻分压器。分压器使用绝缘堆结构,采用静电场模拟分析了分压器的电场分布。建立了包含分布参数的等效电路,并进行了频率响应仿真,可得分压器的频响上限为200 MHz。使用标准高压探头对分压器进行在线标定,分压比标定结果为5 400∶1,与设计值相符合。在LTD调试实验中,模块充电85 kV时二极管电压为1.08 MV,与理论估算结果一致。     

电磁轨道发射装置隔离式分压器

研制了一套用于测量电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的隔离式分压器,实现了测量回路与被测回路之间的电隔离,简化了电磁发射装置测试系统的复杂性。并对影响隔离式分压器频率响应的元件参数进行了参数扫描,结果表明：研制的分压器在-3 dB区间的频率响应范围为14 Hz~18 MHz,满足电磁发射装置轨道电压信号的测试要求。使用P6015A高压探头进行比对标定,输出信号的前沿约1s,频率响应满足电磁轨道发射装置轨道电压信号的测量要求。同时用隔离式分压器及电阻分压器测量轨道电压信号,两者波形符合较好。