H2S gas sensor based on integrated resonant dual-microcantilevers with high sensitivity and identification capability

Detection of trace-level hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas is of great importance whether in industrial production or disease diagnosis. This research presents a novel H₂S gas sensor based on integrated resonant dual-microcantilevers which can identify and detect trace-level H₂S in real-time. The sensor consists of two integrated resonant microcantilever sensors with different functions. One cantilever sensor can identify H₂S by outputting positive frequency shift signals, while the other cantilever sensor will detect H₂S as a normally used cantilever sensor with negative frequency shifts. Combined the two cantilever sensors, the proposed gas sensor can distinguish H₂S from a variety of common gases, and the detection limit to H₂S of the sensor is as sensitive as below 1 ppb.     

基于微悬臂梁生物传感器检测三磷酸腺苷

基于适配子构建了无标记检测三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的微悬臂梁生物传感器。 将ATP适配子修饰在微悬臂梁阵列中的传感悬臂镀金面上,用来识别ATP,而参比悬臂修饰巯基己醇(MCH)防止非特异性吸附。 ATP与其适配子发生特异性相互作用,使悬臂的上下两个表面产生应力差,导致传感悬臂产生偏转,扣除参比悬臂偏转后其偏转值与ATP的浓度在0.5~5 mmol/L范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998,最低检出限为0.06 mmol/L。 该微悬臂梁生物传感器响应快速、操作简单,并且对ATP具有良好的特异性。     

考虑中性层位置变化的微悬臂梁气体传感器静态模型的分析

微悬臂梁是一种高灵敏度的生化传感器。本文考虑吸附表面应力引起的中性层位置的变化,采用能量法建立了微悬臂梁在单层分子吸附稳定后的静态弯曲模型,并以表面吸附有水蒸汽分子的微悬臂梁为例,研究了微悬臂梁曲率半径随其厚度、杨氏模量及吸附分子间距的变化规律以及中性层位置变化对微悬臂梁传感器性能预测的影响,结果发现：1)微悬臂梁的曲率半径与其杨氏模量、厚度及吸附分子间距之间可以近似用一次、二次和八次函数关系表示;2）中性层变化导致的曲率半径计算误差,随着微悬臂梁厚度、杨氏模量的增加而减小,但影响较小,而吸附分子间距会对该相对误差产生明显影响;3）中性层位置变化会对微悬臂梁传感器灵敏度和表面应变预测产生明显的影响。     

Label-free Microcantilever Immunosensor Based on a Competitive Immunoassay for the Determination of Clenbuterol

A label-free microcantilever immunosensor based on a competitive immunoassay is reported for the determination of clenbuterol. The immunosensor was fabricated by modifying clenbuterol–ovalbumin on the gold surface of the microcantilever with crossing linkage by L-cysteine and glutaraldehyde. Atomic force microscopy was utilized to characterize the construction of immunosensor and to measure the deflection of the microcantilever. The deflection response of the microcantilever was in negatively proportional to the concentration of clenbuterol from 1.0?×?10^?2 to 20?µg/L with a limit of detection of 1.0?×?10^?2?µg/L. The fabricated immunosensor was used to determine clenbuterol in pork samples with satisfactory results. In addition, the results were in accordance with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography. The reported immunosensor displayed high sensitivity and specificity together with excellent repeatability and reliability.     

微悬臂梁探测器的理论模型及优化设计

对基于微悬臂梁的光学和红外探测技术进行了理论分析,并建立了相应的理论模型,在此基础上对该类探测器进行了优化设计,包括：微悬臂梁材料的优化选择、金属镀膜材料及厚度的优化选择以及光辐射吸收层材料的选择。最终给出了一种新型的三层结构微悬臂梁探测器,理论上这种新型结构的探测器比现报道的同类探测器灵敏度高出20多倍,噪声等效功率降低了85％－70％。     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of a V-shaped microcantilever of an atomic force microscope

This paper is devoted to investigate the nonlinear behaviors of a V-shaped microcantilever of an atomic force microscope (AFM) operating in its two major modes: amplitude modulation and frequency modulation. The nonlinear behavior of the AFM is due to the nonlinear nature of the AFM tip–sample interaction caused by the Van der Waals attraction/repulsion force. Considering the V-shaped microcantilever as a flexible continuous system, the resonant frequencies, mode shapes, governing nonlinear partial and ordinary differential equations (PDE and ODE) of motion, boundary conditions, frequency and time responses, potential function and phase-plane of the system are obtained analytically. The governing PDE is determined by employing the Hamilton principle. Subsequently, the Galerkin method is utilized to gain the governing nonlinear ODE. Afterward, the resulting ODE is analytically solved by means of some perturbation techniques including the method of multiple scales and the Lindsted–Poincare method. In addition, the effects of different parameters including geometrical one on the frequency response of the system are assessed.     

基于光学读出的微悬臂梁温度传感器研制

为实现对环境温度的高分辨率、快速、准确测量,设计制作了一种基于光学读出的微悬臂梁温度传感器.由于组成微悬臂梁的两种材料——金和氮化硅热膨胀系数的差异,在温度变化时,梁内部会产生热应力导致其弯曲变形.不同温度下梁的弯曲变形量不同,利用光杠杆方法检测出此变形,经标定后就能实现环境温度的准确测量.实验中设定系统光臂长度为25mm,采用商业化三角形微悬臂梁(长200μm、宽40μm、氮化硅层厚0,6μm,金层厚60nm)对传感器进行了测试,实验结果显示其测量重复性好,温度分辨率达到0.02℃.对于特定尺寸的微悬臂梁,通过优化其双材料厚度比,温度分辨率可达10-4℃,可用于环境温度的精密测量.     

Validity and Accuracy of Resonance Shift Prediction Formulas for Microcantilevers: A Review and Comparative Study

This article provides a review of methods of predicting mass-induced resonance shifts in microcantilevers. It combines a review of factors that influence resonance frequency shifts, such as material properties, size effects, and support compliance with a comparative study of accuracy of predicting resonance shifts due to mass adsorption. The applicability and accuracy of widely used formulas to correlate mass addition with resonance shift are assessed through comprehensive comparison with experimental measurements and numerical methods. The methods include both distributed parameter and lumped parameter formulations. The applications include distributed added masses, tip masses, and added mass at arbitrary locations along a cantilever span.     

Thermomechanical and fractographic behavior of poly (HDDA‐co‐MMA): a study for its application in microcantilever sensors

Polymer‐based materials have drawn significant attention lately for their application in design and fabrication of thermomechanically stable highly sensitive three‐dimensional (3D) micromechanical sensor structures. Among these materials, 1,6 Hexane diol diacrylate (HDDA) has been extensively explored in laser‐based 3D microfabrication by microstereolithography. The thermomechanical properties of poly HDDA are important for their end use application in microcantilever‐based sensors. The present work explores the optimization of these properties by copolymerization of HDDA and methyl methacrylate (MMA) for these specific applications. The dynamic mechanical analysis, thermal expansion and mechanical studies were carried out for different compositions of poly (HDDA‐co‐MMA). An increase in MMA content in the copolymer matrix resulted in the enhancement of the thermomechanical stability. The variations of thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) for different compositions were also studied. Microhardness, uniaxial tensile, and flexural tests along with Poisson's ratio were determined to understand the mechanical properties of these compositions. The scanning electron micrographs of fractured surfaces of all the compositions were analyzed to understand the fracture mechanism of various compositions of this copolymer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微悬臂生物传感器检测生物素-亲和素相互作用

将生物素共价键合到微悬臂的硅表面, 利用微悬臂传感技术在流动注样条件下研究了生物素-亲和素的动态作用过程, 同时利用原子力显微镜(AFM)力刻蚀技术验证了生物素化硅表面结合亲和素的有效性. 结果显示亲和素与生物素作用产生较大的表面应力驱动微悬臂偏转, 悬臂偏转的程度和速率与亲和素的浓度相关, 亲和素浓度越大, 微悬臂偏转程度也越大, 同时反应速率也更快. 这项工作为开发新型的无标记检测技术, 研究生物分子之间相互作用提供了有益的探索.