全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 766篇 |
| 免费 | 160篇 |
| 国内免费 | 31篇 |
专业分类
| 化学 | 64篇 |
| 晶体学 | 1篇 |
| 力学 | 360篇 |
| 综合类 | 21篇 |
| 数学 | 250篇 |
| 物理学 | 261篇 |
出版年
| 2025年 | 6篇 |
| 2024年 | 51篇 |
| 2023年 | 27篇 |
| 2022年 | 54篇 |
| 2021年 | 47篇 |
| 2020年 | 35篇 |
| 2019年 | 26篇 |
| 2018年 | 34篇 |
| 2017年 | 58篇 |
| 2016年 | 54篇 |
| 2015年 | 44篇 |
| 2014年 | 45篇 |
| 2013年 | 48篇 |
| 2012年 | 31篇 |
| 2011年 | 47篇 |
| 2010年 | 39篇 |
| 2009年 | 30篇 |
| 2008年 | 34篇 |
| 2007年 | 54篇 |
| 2006年 | 26篇 |
| 2005年 | 25篇 |
| 2004年 | 38篇 |
| 2003年 | 16篇 |
| 2002年 | 11篇 |
| 2001年 | 13篇 |
| 2000年 | 10篇 |
| 1999年 | 5篇 |
| 1998年 | 7篇 |
| 1997年 | 6篇 |
| 1996年 | 5篇 |
| 1995年 | 7篇 |
| 1994年 | 3篇 |
| 1993年 | 6篇 |
| 1992年 | 1篇 |
| 1991年 | 1篇 |
| 1990年 | 1篇 |
| 1989年 | 2篇 |
| 1988年 | 1篇 |
| 1986年 | 1篇 |
| 1985年 | 2篇 |
| 1981年 | 1篇 |
| 1979年 | 3篇 |
| 1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式： 共有957条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
双层规划研究的是两个各具有目标函数的决策者之间按有序的和非合作方式进行的相互作用,上层决策者优先作出决策,下层决策者在上层决策信息下按自己的利益作出反应,由于一方的行为影响另一方的策略选择和目标的实现,并且任何一方又不能完全控制另一方的选择行为,因此上层决策者要根据下层的反应做出符合自身利益的最终决策。而公交车辆配置正符合双层规划模型的思想,所以本论文采用双层规划模型来描述车辆配置与客流量之间的相互作用,从而优化公交线网的车辆配置。 相似文献
2.
Sanjay Khan K. Sudhakar Mohd Hazwan Yusof Prof. Senthilarasu Sundaram 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2024,24(3):e202300308
The transition to sustainable transportation has fueled the need for innovative electric vehicle (EV) charging solutions. Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) systems have emerged as a promising technology that combines renewable energy generation with the infra-structure of buildings. This paper comprehensively reviews the BIPV system for EV charging, focusing on its technology, application, and performance. The review identifies the gaps in the existing literature, emphasizing the need for a thorough examination of BIPV systems in the context of EV charging. A detailed review of BIPV technology and its application in EV charging is presented, covering aspects such as the generation of solar cell technology, BIPV system installation, design options and influencing factors. Furthermore, the review examines the performance of BIPV systems for EV charging, focusing on energy, economic, and environmental parameters and their comparison with previous studies. Additionally, the paper explores current trends in energy management for BIPV and EV charging, highlighting the need for effective integration and recommending strategies to optimize energy utilization. Combining BIPV with EV charging provides a promising approach to power EV chargers, enhances building energy efficiency, optimizes the building space, reduces energy losses, and decreases grid dependence. Utilizing BIPV-generated electricity for EV charging provides electricity and fuel savings, offers financial incentives, and increases the market value of the building infrastructure. It significantly lowers greenhouse gas emissions associated with grid and vehicle emissions. It creates a closed-loop circular economic system where energy is produced, consumed, and stored within the building. The paper underscores the importance of effective integration between Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) charging, emphasizing the necessity of innovative grid technologies, energy storage solutions, and demand-response energy management strategies to overcome diverse challenges. Overall, the study contributes to the knowledge of BIPV systems for EV charging by presenting practical energy management, effectiveness and sustainability implications. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working towards sustainable transportation and energy systems. 相似文献
3.
Weiming Liu 《国际流体数值方法杂志》2011,67(6):787-804
Two numerical models are presented for predicting vehicle exhaust dispersion in complex urban areas with or without the wind field. The models not only reflect the effect of building and street canyon configuration on the pollutant propagation, but also are able to predict the turbulent energy produced by moving vehicles on the road. In particular, in the discrete model, turbulent energy and pollutant concentration produced by each vehicle are dynamically described in the Lagrangian method. The pollutant propagation is calculated with the advection–diffusion equation. The Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations are numerically solved for the wind flows. The movement and heat release rate of the vehicles are treated as sources of the turbulent energy equation for the computation of turbulent energy produced by the moving vehicles. This paper reports the detailed implementation of the models. Four typical numerical tests were carried out to represent the performance of the proposed numerical models. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
This paper presents Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of flow around a four-vehicle platoon when one of the platoon members was forced to undergo in-line oscillations. The LES were made at the Reynolds number of 105 based on the height of the vehicles. Combinations of two different frequencies corresponding to non-dimensional frequencies at the Strouhal numbers St1 = 0.025 and St2 = 0.013 and two oscillation amplitudes were used in this study. The methodology was validated by comparisons with data from previous experimental investigations. In order to highlight the dynamic effects, comparisons were made with steady results on a single vehicle and on a four-vehicle platoon. Large differences were found in the flow structures between quasi-steady and dynamic results. Furthermore, the behavior of the drag coefficient of the upstream neighbor of the oscillating model was investigated. 相似文献
5.
M. H. Hiller K. Hirsch 《ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik》2006,86(2):87-109
Mechatronics as an interdisciplinary combination of domains of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronics, and computer science has developed in industry and universities since the eighties of the last century, and it is meanwhile fully established in many technical areas. The main focus of the mechatronic approach is to extend and to complete the design process of mechanical and more general engineering systems by incorporating from the very beginning sensors and controllers – which includes also the required information processing – and thus being able to generate partly intelligent products. The components and modules of such systems originate from mechanical engineering, from electrical engineering or from other engineering domains. Methods for describing and designing these components and modules are based in the fields of applied mechanics, electrical engineering, system theory, control and automation theory, and information processing. In particular, in mechatronic systems like robots, manipulation systems, machine tools, or all kinds of vehicles, the multibody systems approach offers a powerful tool to model the mechanical properties of the system in an appropriate manner. In this paper, methodologies for the development of formalisms and software for modeling and simulation of multibody and mechatronic systems will be presented and illustrated by examples from automotive systems and robotics. 相似文献
6.
7.
行车时间估计和最优路径选择是智能交通系统中的研究热点,特别是对于车辆导航系统更具有深远的意义.首先以传统的交通流理论为基础,采用间接模型和动力学模型进行行车时间估计,通过仿真实验比较了两模型的优劣,并使用实测数据分析得到的车流量信息对动力学模型进行改进.然后使用Dijkstra算法寻找出静态状态下的最优路径,再结合前面建立的时间估计模型,给出了适用于动态随机状态下的路径寻优算法,用于解决路段行车时间期望随出发时刻动态变化的问题.最后指出了交通实时信息对解决动态随机最优路线问题的重要性,并结合卡尔曼滤波算法对路段相关的情况作了进一步讨论. 相似文献
8.
This paper examines approximate dynamic programming algorithms for the single-vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands from a dynamic or reoptimization perspective. The methods extend the rollout algorithm by implementing different base sequences (i.e. a priori solutions), look-ahead policies, and pruning schemes. The paper also considers computing the cost-to-go with Monte Carlo simulation in addition to direct approaches. The best new method found is a two-step lookahead rollout started with a stochastic base sequence. The routing cost is about 4.8% less than the one-step rollout algorithm started with a deterministic sequence. Results also show that Monte Carlo cost-to-go estimation reduces computation time 65% in large instances with little or no loss in solution quality. Moreover, the paper compares results to the perfect information case from solving exact a posteriori solutions for sampled vehicle routing problems. The confidence interval for the overall mean difference is (3.56%, 4.11%). 相似文献
9.
基于有限元仿真的东风11型救援小车支撑块结构优化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对东风11型救援小车支撑件进行了有限元分析．通过有限元计算。详细分析了有效应力分布情况；找出了应力集中较大的区域．并分析了其主要原因；观察了应力值最大区域并提出了改善应力集中的方法和措施。从而达到了结构优化的目的． 相似文献
10.
We study the routing of a single vehicle that delivers multiple products under stochastic demand. Specifically, we investigate two practical variations of this problem: (i) The case in which each product type is stored in its dedicated compartment in the vehicle, and (ii) the case in which all products are stored together in the vehicle’s single compartment. Suitable dynamic programming algorithms are proposed to determine the minimum expected (routing) cost for each case. Furthermore, the optimal routing policy is derived by developing appropriate theorems. The efficiency of the algorithms is studied by solving large problem sets. 相似文献