Ferron逐时比色法中显色剂Ferron浓度对Al-Ferron体系反应动力学的影响

Ferron逐时比色法中Al-Ferron体系反应动力学常被视为准一级反应,由此可推得相应的拟合方程并测得相应的反应速率常数kb,显色剂Ferron作为反应物之一其用量必然直接影响测量的结果。以不同OH/Al比的聚合氯化铝溶液为研究对象,抓住Ferron浓度这一核心要素,对Al-Ferron体系反应动力学过程进行了系统研究。结果表明,[Ferron]≥2.0×10^(-3)mol/L是确保动力学速率常数kb准确测量的基本保证。     

High pressure behavior of NpSe and NpTe

The high pressure behavior and pressure induced structural phase transition of two neptunium monochalcogenides have been investigated by using a three body potential approach. The calculated compression curves and the values of different high pressure behavior for NpSe and NpTe are presented and have been discussed and compared with the experimental values wherever available. The accuracy of the present approach in reproducing the phase transition pressure and high pressure behavior for these compounds are in general good agreement with the measured data. For NpSe and NpTe, the phase transition pressures for going from NaCl to CsCl phase have been observed at 22.4 and 14.2 GPa, respectively.     

Raman spectroscopic investigations of dl-serine and dl-valine under pressure

Raman spectroscopic studies of dl-serine and dl-valine under static high pressures have been carried out up to 8 and 7 GPa, respectively to understand the behaviour of hydrogen bonds in these compounds. The discontinuous changes in the pressure dependence of some of the Raman modes of dl-serine at 1.5 GPa are interpreted to be due to molecular rearrangements brought about by changes in the hydrogen bonding interactions. Our results of the pressure dependence of N–H?O librational modes in dl-valine at 3 GPa suggest changes in the nature of hydrogen bonding interactions across this pressure.     

Low temperature phase transition in ZnSe doped with nickel

Neutron diffraction and ultrasonic experiments as well as measurements of heat conductivity in ZnSe and Zn_1−xNi_xSe (x=0.0025) semiconductors have been carried out. As a result, a structural transition induced by Ni impurity has been found at      

Pressure and Temperature Induced Phase Transition of ZnS from First-Principles Calculations

The pressure induced phase transition of ZnS from the wurtzite （WZ） and the zincblende （ZB） structures to the rocksalt （RS） structure and the temperature induced phase transition from the ZB structure to the WZ structure are investigated by ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density-functional theory （DFT）, together with the quasiharmonic Debye model. It is found that the zero-temperature transition pressures from the WZ-ZnS and the ZB-ZnS to the RS-ZnS are 17.20 and 17.37 GPa, respectively. The zero-pressure transition temperature from the ZB-ZnS to the WZ-ZnS is 1199 K. All these results are consistent with the available experimental data. Moreover, the dependences of the normalized primitive cell volume V/V0 on pressure and thermal expansion coefficient α on temperature are also obtained successfully.     

Distinct critical fluctuations and molecular motions manifest in a model biomembrane

Lattice dynamics in bis-(n-C₁₆H₃₇NH₃)₂SnCl₆, where the hydrocarbon part is analogous to lipid membrane, was investigated by means of 200 MHz ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance. As a result, critical fluctuations and molecular dynamics associated with the phase transitions, an order-disorder and a conformational phase transition, were distinguished in a wide temperature range. The dynamical origin of the critical fluctuations, observed in the long-chain compounds but not in the short-chain compounds, by the laboratory frame spin-lattice relaxation measurements, is revealed and discussed in this work.     

X射线Kirkpatrick-Baez显微镜用超反射镜的研制

介绍了一种可应用于X射线Kirkpatrick-Baez（KB）显微镜的光学元件—X射线超反射镜。选用的W和B4C作为镀膜材料,膜对数为20,采用单纯型调优的方法实现了X射线超反射镜设计,用磁控溅射的方法在Si基片上完成了W/B4C X射线超反射镜的制备。采用高分辨率X射线衍射仪（8 keV）测量了X射线超反射镜的反射特性。制备的X射线超反射镜在掠入射角分别为1.052°和1.143°处,反射角度带宽为0.3°,反射率达到20%,可满足KB型显微镜的要求。     

Tetragonal distortion and the domain structure of thin Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/MgO(100) films

3 /MgO(100) films was studied in synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments. In the thin epitaxial films, the tetragonal distortion of the ferroelectric phase and the transition temperature were significantly reduced. In sharp contrast to the reported mixture of the a-type and the c-type domains in thicker films, the 250-Å-thick film was purely composed of the c-type domains in the tetragonal phase. We attribute the suppression of the transition to the substrate effect, which prefers the c-type domains near the interface, and reduces the tetragonal distortion to minimize the strain energy caused by the lattice mismatch. Received: 1 November 1997/Accepted: 5 January 1998     

Investigations of pressure induced structural phase transformations in pentaerythritol

We have investigated the pressure induced structural changes in pentaerythritol {2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol} with the help of X-ray diffraction studies. Our results show that this compound undergoes transformations to a lower symmetry phase between 5.2-5.9 GPa. It further undergoes phase transformations at ∼8.5 and ∼11 GPa; eventually evolving to a disordered phase beyond 14-15 GPa in agreement with our earlier Raman studies. On release of pressure from 18.5 GPa, the compound transforms back to the initial tetragonal phase.     

Magnetic resonance study of the two-dimensional spin diffusion in the Heisenberg paramaget (C18H37NH3)2MnCl4

¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques were employed to study the perovskite-type layered structure compound (C₁₈H₃₇NH₃)₂MnCl₄ undergoing structural phase transitions. The spin relaxation was found to sensitively reflect the two-dimensional electron spin diffusion.