Titration calorimetric determination of the pairwise interaction parameters of glycerol,D-threitol,mannitol, and D-glucitol in dilute aqueous solutions

Enthalpic pairwise interaction parameters, h_jj, were determined by titration calorimetry at 25°C for dilute solutions of glycerol, D-threitol, manitol, and D-glucitol in water. The parameters for these and other polyols conform to the expression h_jj (J-kg^–1)=145+135n_OH–21.5n _OH ² –41.7 _dl ² -160.5n_dlld, where n_OH=n_C is the number of hydroxyl groups (carbon atoms), n_dl is the number of dl configuration of a vicinal pair of OH-groups, and n_dlld is the number of such configurations in the polyol molecules. A rationalization of this expression is given.     

基于NMR的绒癌化疗耐药机制的代谢组学研究

绒癌是一种发生于育龄妇女的恶性滋养细胞肿瘤.经甲氨蝶呤、5-氟尿嘧啶等单药或多药联合化疗后,其治愈率通常高达90%.然而耐药仍是绒癌治疗失败的主要原因.目前绒癌耐药的机制尚不明确,前人多从蛋白和转录水平阐述,鲜有涉及代谢物层次的研究.本文采用基于核磁共振（NMR）的代谢组学方法,研究了甲氨蝶呤耐药株JEG3R与敏感株JEG3绒癌细胞及其培养基在代谢物水平上的差异.结果发现JEG3R耐药极可能与糖代谢异常相关,主要表现为耐药株细胞中山梨糖醇的累积,提示醛糖还原酶可能在耐药过程中起重要作用;其次,耐药株细胞中乳酸积累、丙氨酸流入三羧酸循环途径增强;此外,耐药株细胞相比敏感株细胞中氨基酸、核苷酸及磷酸胆碱等必需营养物质的显著性改变,且其变化与绒癌增殖速率正相关.本研究为绒癌的耐药机制研究补充了代谢层次的数据,为后续从分子生物学水平上揭示耐药机制提供了新思路.     

Simultaneous determination of glucose, 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol and related sugar alcohols in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with benzoic acid derivatization

A new, simple and sensitive pre-column high-performance chromatographic method for the determination of diabetes marker d-glucose, 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol and related compounds is reported. Sugars (d-glucose, d-galactose, d-mannose, sucrose and arabinose) were derivatized with benzoic acid (BA) at 80 degrees C for 60 min. l-Fucose, fructose, d-lactose, l-rhamnose, arabinose and ascorbic acid were not reacted. Sugar alcohols (xylitol, erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol myo-inositol) were also derivatized with BA at 80 degrees C for 60 min. The fluorescence derivatives were separated on a TSK amide 80 column (4.6 mm i.d. x 250 mm, 5 microm) with acetonitrile-50 mm acetate buffer (pH 5.6; 4:96, v/v) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength of beizoic acid derivatives was lambda(ex) 275 nm and lambda(em) 315 nm. The detection limits of sugars were 10-80 microg/mL. The calibration graphs were linear up to 10 mg/mL. The relative standard deviations of 500 microg/mL sugars were 7.0-7.3%. The proposed method was compared with the enzymatic photometric glucose analysis method (Glucose B-Test II Wako). The correlation coefficient was 0.83 (n = 20) and y = 0.82x + 5.91, where y and x are concentrations in microg/mL obtained by the proposed pre-column HPLC and enzyme-photometric method, respectively. The detection limits of sugar alcohols were 100-1000 ng/mL. The calibration graphs were linear to 50 microg/mL and relative standard deviations of 10 microg/mL were 7.2-8.2%. The 1,5-AG data by the proposed method was also compared with the enzymatic photometric 1,5-AG analysis method (Rana AG 1,5-AG determination kit, Nihon Kayaku) and good correlation (r = 0.91, n = 20) was also obtained. The proposed method was applied to the simultaneous determination of d-glucose, 1,5-AG and related sugar alcohols in serum from healthy males.