藏药香芸火绒草Leontopodium Haplophylloides化学成分的研究

从藏药香芸火绒草Leontopodium Haplophylloides Hand Mazz的甲醇提取物中分得四个B环未取代的黄酮, 分别为乔松素(1), 高良姜素(2), 3, 7-二羟基-5-甲氧基黄(3), 3, 5-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(4), 化合物(2)对人皮肤痤疮菌具有一定的疗效。     

制备色谱法分离纯化高良姜黄酮中高良姜素和山柰素

建立了制备型高效液相色谱(Prep-HPLC)分离高良姜黄酮中高良姜素和山柰素的方法。高良姜黄酮经HPD-600树脂吸附洗脱纯化后,采用Prep-HPLC分离高良姜黄酮中高良姜素和山柰素。制备色谱条件:流动相为甲醇-0.6%(v/v)乙酸水溶液(58:42, v/v),柱温为常温,流速为7.0 mL/min,检测波长为360 nm,进样量为700 μ L,上样质量浓度为10.0 g/L。分离的单体由质谱和核磁共振氢谱、碳谱鉴定确证为高良姜素和山柰素,HPLC外标法定量,纯度分别为99.5%和99.7%。该方法分离效果好、高效、低毒,可用于高良姜中高良姜素和山柰素的分离制备。     

酸性高锰酸钾-高良姜素化学发光体系的发光光谱

在多聚磷酸介质条件下,对酸性高锰酸钾和高良姜素化学发光新体系的发光现象进行了研究,并通过测定反应的化学发光光谱、紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱和微量电位滴定曲线对其发光体的确定提供了实验依据。实验数据表明,在0.1mol·L-1多聚磷酸溶液中,当高锰酸钾和高良姜素的量比为6∶5时,体系有最强的化学发光,在氧化剂过量的条件下,化学发光强度与高良姜素浓度在一定范围成正比关系。此外,由体系的化学发光光谱与高锰酸根离子的电子吸收光谱之间有镜像对称性关系的现象,证明了主发光体应来源于高锰酸钾;发光动力学实验还证明该发光体不是单一型体,伴随发光过程发光体有歧化反应现象。根据实验结果,对该体系可能的发光机理进行了讨论,提出高锰酸钾和高良姜素化学发光的主要发光体来源于高锰酸根离子的还原产物且为氧化还原反应过程中产生的激发态Mn(Ⅱ)和Mn(Ⅲ)型体,通过高良姜素氧化生成的活性游离基产物而产生激发态的Mn(Ⅱ)型体是生成发光体的主要途径。该化学发光强度与高良姜素含量成线性关系,以此可以进行定量分析;而由歧化过程形成的激发态Mn(Ⅲ)的发光行为却会干扰高良姜素含量与总发光强度之间的线性关系,不利于定量分析。     

Galangin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex as a Drug-Delivery System for Improved Solubility and Biocompatibility in Breast Cancer Treatment

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of a newly modified cyclodextrin derivative, water-soluble β-cyclodextrin–epichlorohydrin (β-CD), as an effective drug carrier to enhance the poor solubility and bioavailability of galangin (GAL), a poorly water-soluble model drug. In this regard, inclusion complexes of GAL/β-CDP were prepared. UV-VIS spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray crystallography (XRD), zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to characterize the synthesized GAL/β-CD. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7; human breast cancer cells) and rat embryo fibroblast (REF; normal cells) were employed to examine the in vitro cytotoxic effects of GAL/β-CD using various parameters. The dye-based tests of MTT and crystal violet clearly exhibited that GAL/β-CD-treated cells had a reduced proliferation rate, an influence that was not found in the normal cell line. The cells’ death was found to follow apoptotic mechanisms, as revealed by the dye-based test of acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr), with the involvement of the mitochondria via caspase-3-mediated events, as manifested by the Rh 123 test. We also included a mouse model to examine possible in vivo toxic effects of GAL/β-CD. It appears that the inclusion complex does not have a significant influence on normal cells, as indicated by serum levels of kidney and liver enzymatic markers, as well as thymic and splenic mass indices. A similar conclusion was reached on the histological level, as manifested by the absence of pathological alterations in the liver, kidney, thymus, spleen, heart, and lung.     

Further prenylated flavonols from Platanus acerifolia’s unripe buds

In addition to the methylated and prenylated flavonoids previously reported from Platanus acerifolia, the multistep chromatographic processing of the toluene extract of defatted fresh unripe buds resulted in the isolation of 8 metabolites. They corresponded to 5,7-dihydroxychromone, strobopinin [(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-C-methylflavanone] as well as to six prenylated flavonols. Divided into two groups of three isomers, these C₅-substituted flavonols are derived from either galangin (5,7-dihydroxyflavonol) or kaempferide (5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavonol). Four of them, unknown in the plant kingdom and with either open or cyclized C₅ chain, are discussed for the ¹³C NMR chemical shift variations when going from the open side C₅ chain to the cyclized chain isomers.