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1.
Prof. Dr. Peter Hess 《Chemphyschem》2022,23(6):e202100880
In the periodic table the position of each atom follows the ‘aufbau’ principle of the individual electron shells. The resulting intrinsic periodicity of atomic properties determines the overall behavior of atoms in two-dimensional (2D) bonding and structure formation. Insight into the type and strength of bonding is the key in the discovery of innovative 2D materials. The primary features of 2D bonding and the ensuing monolayer structures of the main-group II–VI elements result from the number of valence electrons and the change of atom size, which determine the type of hybridization. The results reveal the tight connection between strength of bonding and bond length in 2D networks. The predictive power of the periodic table reveals general rules of bonding, the bonding-structure relationship, and allows an assessment of published data of 2D materials. 相似文献
2.
《中国物理 B》2021,30(7):76103-076103
It has been a long-standing puzzling problem that some glasses exhibit higher glass transition temperatures(denoting high stability) but lower activation energy for relaxations(denoting low stability). In this paper, the relaxation kinetics of the nanoconfined D-mannitol(DM) glass was studied systematically using a high-precision and high-rate nanocalorimeter.The nanoconfined DM exhibits enhanced thermal stability compared to the free DM. For example, the critical cooling rate for glass formation decreases from 200 K/s to below 1 K/s; the Tg increases by about 20 K–50 K. The relaxation kinetics is analyzed based on the absolute reaction rate theory. It is found that, even though the activation energy E~*decreases,the activation entropy S~*decreases much more for the nanoconfined glass that yields a large activation free energy G~*and higher thermal stability. These results suggest that the activation entropy may provide new insights in understanding the abnormal kinetics of nanoconfined glassy systems. 相似文献
3.
The possibility of realizing SASE Free Election Laser in x-ray waveband with EM-wave wiggler is studied in this paper. SASE effect including saturation length, saturation power and nonlinear process is explored through a 3-D simulation code. A utilization of seed light from laser plasma x-ray is also analyzed, which demonstrates the feature of shortening the interaction length for saturation. The results show that sizeable output power of x-ray laser would be generated with a middle energy electron beam. 相似文献
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采用Cundari和Stevens等推导的有效芯势对镧系金属一氢化物进行了理论计算,以探讨镧系金属元素与氢的相互作用。结果表明所有镧系金属一氢化物基态时理论上是稳定的,最稳定的是SmH,最不稳定的是DyH;键长计算结果显示,基态时镧系金属一招兵买马花物有独立王国 收缩现象发生;红外振动频率理论计算值与实验结果一致;成键轨道中,金属原子轨道的贡献主要是s轨道和d轨道:从CeH至ErH(GdH)例外)随着外层电子的增加s轨道成分逐渐增大d轨道成分逐渐减小;从TmH和LuH(包括GdH),成键轨道中金属原子轨道的贡献主要是d轨道,约为90%;约大多数镧系金属一氧化物的成键轨道中金属原子轨道f成分小于1%。 相似文献
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During the course of our investigation of the electron transfer properties of some redox species through highly hydrophobic
long chain alkanethiol molecules on gold in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents, we obtained some intriguing results such as
unusually low interfacial capacitance, very high values of impedance and film resistance, all of which pointed to the possible
existence of a nanometer size interfacial gap between the hydrophobic monolayer and aqueous electrolyte. We explain this phenomenon
by a model for the alkanethiol monolayer—aqueous electrolyte interface, in which the extremely hydrophobic alkanethiol film
repels water molecules adjacent to it and in the process creates a shield between the monolayer film and water. This effectively
increases the overall thickness of the dielectric layer that is manifested as an abnormally low value of interfacial capacitance.
This behaviour is very much akin to the ‘drying transition’ proposed by Lum, Chandler and Weeks in their theory of length
scale dependent hydrophobicity. For small hydrophobic units consisting of apolar solutes, the water molecules can reorganize
around them without sacrificing their hydrogen bonds. Since for an extended hydrophobic unit, the existence of hydrogen bonded
water structure close to it is geometrically unfavourable, there is a net depletion of water molecules in the vicinity leading
to the possible creation of a hydrophobic interfacial gap. 相似文献
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