全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27351篇 |
免费 | 4258篇 |
国内免费 | 2138篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 5868篇 |
晶体学 | 67篇 |
力学 | 3303篇 |
综合类 | 801篇 |
数学 | 12181篇 |
物理学 | 11527篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 47篇 |
2023年 | 282篇 |
2022年 | 700篇 |
2021年 | 798篇 |
2020年 | 732篇 |
2019年 | 689篇 |
2018年 | 700篇 |
2017年 | 1053篇 |
2016年 | 1145篇 |
2015年 | 961篇 |
2014年 | 1527篇 |
2013年 | 1995篇 |
2012年 | 1467篇 |
2011年 | 1690篇 |
2010年 | 1461篇 |
2009年 | 1638篇 |
2008年 | 1821篇 |
2007年 | 1942篇 |
2006年 | 1564篇 |
2005年 | 1467篇 |
2004年 | 1378篇 |
2003年 | 1155篇 |
2002年 | 1104篇 |
2001年 | 871篇 |
2000年 | 738篇 |
1999年 | 706篇 |
1998年 | 625篇 |
1997年 | 522篇 |
1996年 | 475篇 |
1995年 | 475篇 |
1994年 | 304篇 |
1993年 | 265篇 |
1992年 | 206篇 |
1991年 | 232篇 |
1990年 | 150篇 |
1989年 | 108篇 |
1988年 | 138篇 |
1987年 | 94篇 |
1986年 | 80篇 |
1985年 | 82篇 |
1984年 | 72篇 |
1983年 | 40篇 |
1982年 | 46篇 |
1981年 | 45篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 36篇 |
1978年 | 21篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A simple scheme is developed for treatment of vertical bed topography in shallow water flows. The effect of the vertical step on flows is modelled with the shallow water equations including local energy loss terms. The bed elevation is denoted with zb‐ for the left and zb+ for the right values at each grid point, hence exactly representing a discontinuity in the bed topography. The surface gradient method (SGM) is generalized to reconstruct water depths at cell interfaces involving a vertical step so that the fluxes at the cell interfaces can accurately be calculated with a Riemann solver. The scheme is verified by predicting a surge crossing a step, a tidal flow over a step and dam‐break flows on wet/dry beds. The results have shown good agreements compared with analytical solutions and available experimental data. The scheme is efficient, robust, and may be used for practical flow calculations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
The turbulent flow in a compound meandering channel with a rectangular cross section is one of the most complicated turbulent flows, because the flow behaviour is influenced by several kinds of forces, including centrifugal forces, pressure‐driven forces and shear stresses generated by momentum transfer between the main channel and the flood plain. Numerical analysis has been performed for the fully developed turbulent flow in a compound meandering open‐channel flow using an algebraic Reynolds stress model. The boundary‐fitted coordinate system is introduced as a method for coordinate transformation in order to set the boundary conditions along the complicated shape of the meandering open channel. The turbulence model consists of transport equations for turbulent energy and dissipation, in conjunction with an algebraic stress model based on the Reynolds stress transport equations. With reference to the pressure–strain term, we have made use of a modified pressure–strain term. The boundary condition of the fluctuating vertical velocity is set to zero not only for the free surface, but also for computational grid points next to the free surface, because experimental results have shown that the fluctuating vertical velocity approaches zero near the free surface. In order to examine the validity of the present numerical method and the turbulent model, the calculated results are compared with experimental data measured by laser Doppler anemometer. In addition, the compound meandering open channel is clarified somewhat based on the calculated results. As a result of the analysis, the present algebraic Reynolds stress model is shown to be able to reasonably predict the turbulent flow in a compound meandering open channel. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Jocelyn Sabatier Serge Poullain Patrick Latteux Jean Luc Thomas Alain Oustaloup 《Nonlinear dynamics》2004,38(1-2):383-400
Robust speed control of a low damped electromechanical system with backlash is studied, controlled load angular speed being not measured. The proposed control strategy combines a Luenberger observer (load angular speed and load torque disturbance estimations) and a robust CRONE controller. The observer provides estimation of the load angular speed and of the disturbance torque applied on the load. Through the computation of only three independent parameters (as many as a PID controller), the CRONE controller permits to ensure the robust speed control of the load in spite of plant parametric variations and speed observation errors. The proposed control strategy is applied to a four mass experimental test bench. 相似文献
4.
5.
A new grid‐free upwind relaxation scheme for simulating inviscid compressible flows is presented in this paper. The non‐linear conservation equations are converted to linear convection equations with non‐linear source terms by using a relaxation system and its interpretation as a discrete Boltzmann equation. A splitting method is used to separate the convection and relaxation parts. Least squares upwinding is used for discretizing the convection equations, thus developing a grid‐free scheme which can operate on any arbitrary distribution of points. The scheme is grid free in the sense that it works on any arbitrary distribution of points and it does not require any topological information like elements, faces, edges, etc. This method is tested on some standard test cases. To explore the power of the grid‐free scheme, solution‐based adaptation of points is done and the results are presented, which demonstrate the efficiency of the new grid‐free scheme. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
The micro element content of food is an important quality index due to the action of these elements on human health. In this
article, we discuss how to ensure the reliability of analytical data on micro elements in order to truly represent the condition
of food. Sampling, treatment of the analytical sample, selection of the analytical method, standard solution, and certified
reference material, blank test, calibration of the instrument and equipment, application of the quality control chart, assessment
of the final analytical result, and quality assurance system are briefly described.
Received: 5 July 2001 Accepted: 19 November 2001 相似文献
7.
The equivalence of three (2 1)-dimensional soliton equations is proved, and the quite generalsolutionswitha some arbitrary functions of x, t and y respectively are obtained. By selecting the arbitrary functions, many specialtypes of the localized excitations like the solitoff solitons, multi-dromion solutions, lump, and multi-ring soliton solutionsare obtained. 相似文献
8.
Based on the theory of calculus of variation, some suffcient conditions are given for some Euler-Lagrangcequations to be equivalently represented by finite or even infinite many Hamiltonian canonical equations. Meanwhile,some further applications for equations such as the KdV equation, MKdV equation, the general linear Euler Lagrangeequation and the cylindric shell equations are given. 相似文献
9.
J. A. Morrison 《Queueing Systems》1991,9(1-2):191-213
In this paper the steady-state behavior of a closed queueing network with multiple classes and large populations is investigated. One of the two nodes of the network simply introduces random delays and the discipline in the other node is discriminatory processor sharing. The network is not product-form, so not even the steady-state behavior is known. We assume that the usage is moderately heavy, and obtain two-term asymptotic approximations to the mean number of jobs, and the mean sojourn time, of each class of jobs in the processor node. We also obtain the leading term in the asymptotic approximation to the joint distribution of the number of jobs in the processor node, which is a zero-mean multivariate Gaussian distribution around a line through the origin. 相似文献
10.
Jie-Fang Zhang 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》1991,4(2):139-151
Based on D'Alembert's principle of a mechanical system relative to non-inertial frame and by introducing the concept of the generalized inertial potential, new forms of differential equations of motion of a mechanical system with holonomic and the non-holonomic constraints relative to the non-inertial frame are obtained. The merits and demerits between our method and the Newtonian dynamic method as well as the analytic dynamic method are discussed comparatively. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the motive differential equations in the new forms. 相似文献