Use of intermittent jets to enhance flux in crossflow filtration

This paper deals with the influence of a new flow unsteadiness on the permeate fluxes in crossflow filtration. A pneumatically controlled valve generates intermittent jets from the main flow, causing the formation of large vortices moving downstream along the tubular membrane. The main results of the numerical calculation of such flows are given. The experimental study was carried out by filtering a bentonite suspension through an ultrafiltration mineral membrane. Time evolutions of flux were achieved in steady and unsteady operating conditions. Results concerning the influence and limits of the nozzle to tube diameter ratio and the jet velocities are discussed. The applicability of such an unsteady flow is examined with a view to effects on energy consumption and possible viscosity effects.     

Scale resolving simulations of a high-temperature turbulent jet in a cold crossflow: Comparison of two approaches

A high-temperature turbulent jet in a cold crossflow is investigated with the help of two scale-resolving simulation approaches. This work aims at improving the methodologies used to predict the thermal footprint of exhaust gases issuing from helicopter engines onto the fuselage. Specific attention is brought to the capability of scale resolving simulations to correctly reproduce flow dynamics and turbulent mixing. Mean flow features, turbulent quantities and temperature fields are compared and validated against wind tunnel test measurements. In addition, the present work highlights the importance of synthetic turbulence injection at pipe inlet to obtain a fair prediction of both flow dynamics and temperature field.     

无限展长后掠翼边界层定常横流不稳定转捩分析

采用γ-Re_θt横流转捩拓展模型对NLF （2）-0415无限展长后掠机翼进行数值模拟,重点分析来流雷诺数、机翼表面粗糙度及后掠角对边界层横流不稳定性的影响.研究发现γ-Re_θt横流转捩拓展模型能够准确预测边界层定常横流不稳定转捩,计算结果与试验数据吻合较好.结果表明来流雷诺数越大、机翼表面越粗糙,横流转捩位置越靠前;随着机翼后掠角的增加,转捩位置先前移随后逐渐靠后.     

Experimental and numerical study of the effect of conjugate heat transfer on film cooling

Combined convection heat transfer and thermal conduction for film cooling of a flat plate with 45° ribs on one wall was investigated experimentally and numerically. The flat plate surface temperature was measured using thermochromic liquid crystals. The results show that the film cooling is the main mechanism for the local cooling with a very low thermal conductivity while the convection heat transfer of the coolant in the coolant channel is the dominant heat transfer mechanism for the high thermal conductivity plate, with both film cooling and convection heat transfer by the coolant being important with medium thermal conductivity walls.     

单喷嘴横流气雾两相流掺混实验研究

采用PIV设备测量了方腔通道内气体液雾两相交叉横向流的掺混,液滴通过旋流雾化喷嘴产生,获得了沿横流方向不同掺混横截面的液滴分布图和液滴运动流线图.比较了三种喷嘴布置角度(60°,90°,120°)在不同气流速度下的掺混效果.结果表明:在横流作用和壁面约束的影响下,流场中出现不同尺度的漩涡,大涡的卷吸与离心作用导致液滴分布不均匀,影响了雾滴与气相的掺混.随着掺混的发展,大涡的强度和尺寸均减小,对雾滴影响减弱,掺混变好;三种喷嘴布置角度下,60°掺混最好,90°次之,120°最差.     

可压缩横流失稳及其控制

边界层流动转捩的预测与控制一直是流体力学研究中的一个重要问题. 三维边界层流动工程中十分常见, 而横流失稳是导致三维边界层流动转捩的主要原因. 本文综述了近些年来三维边界层失稳和转捩方面的研究概况. 从机理上讨论了横流扰动的感受性、首次失稳、二次失稳和转捩控制等方面的研究进展. 在数值计算方面, 简要概述了线性稳定性理论、非线性稳定性理论和直接数值模拟方法在横流失稳和转捩方面的应用.本文对横流失稳研究当前存在的问题进行了讨论, 对今后研究的发展趋势作了相应展望.     

Study of shear-thinning/thickening effects on plane Couette-Poiseuille flow with uniform crossflow

The shear-thinning/thickening effects on the plane Couette-Poiseuille flow with a uniform crossflow are studied. The detailed solution procedures for both theo- retical and numerical purposes are given. In order to clarify the difference between the Newtonian flow and the power-law flow, all cases of the plane Couette-Poiseuille flows with uniform crossflows for different power indexes are assigned to the phase diagram in the parameter plane corresponding to the Couette number and the crossflow Reynolds number. The effects of shear-thinning/thickening on the phase diagram are discussed. An important feature of the shear-thinning circumstance distinguished from the shear- thickening circumstance is discovered.     

Large-eddy simulations and vortex structures of turbulent jets in crossflow

Using the method of large-eddy simulation, the 3-dimensional turbulent jets in crossflow with stream-wise and transverse arrangements of nozzle are simulated, emphasizing on the dynamical process of generation and evolution of vortex structures in these flows. The results show that the basic vortex structures in literatures, such as the counter-rotating vortex pair, leading-edge vortices, lee-side vortices, hanging vortices, kidney vortices and anti-kidney vortices, are not independent physical substances, but local structures of the basic vortex structure of turbulent jets in crossflow-the 3-D stretching vortex rings originating from the orifice of the nozzle, which is discovered in this study. Therefore, the most important large-scale structures of turbulent jets in crossflow are unified to the 3-D vortex rings which stretch and twist in stream-wise and swing in transverse directions. We also found that the shedding frequencies of vortex rings are much lower than the one corresponding to the appearance of leading-edge and lee-side vortices in the turbulent jets.