Corrected mirror systems with double reflection

We propose objectives consisting of two mirrors with central holes for passage of a light beam. The optical layout ensures multiple reflection of rays from both mirrors. We consider several approaches to calculating the design parameters for which three and four aberrations do not occur. The objectives can be used in optical devices operating in the UV and IR regions of the spectrum. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 267–270, March–April, 2007.     

编码孔径光谱成像仪光学简化彗差对图谱反演误差分析

编码孔径光谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型光谱成像技术, 该技术在一次像面采用特定的编码模板对目标进行编码, 结合特殊的采样成像方式, 获得满足景物重构的采样数据量, 实现了空间信息和光谱信息的高精度重构, 具有高光通量、高信噪比等优势.但该技术实际的光学系统设计, 以及相应加工和装调过程中各种误差的存在, 将逐一传递反映到探测器精度与编码后图谱采样精度的不匹配, 这会引发最终重构图谱质量降低.本文侧重分析研究光学系统设计和研制装调中光学彗差相对设计值间存在的偏差, 通过几何光线追迹与波前像差联合计算的方法, 在成像面仿真出不同数值程度的彗差矩阵, 并以此来分析不同彗差下对重构图像质量的影响结果.并用其分析结论作为依据, 改进了编码孔径光谱成像仪的设计和研制, 提供了相应图像成像反演结果, 由此确保了编码孔径光谱成像仪的成像优势.     

Partially coherent vortex beams focused by an aperture lens with coma

We investigate the influence of the coma of the lens on the focusing of partially coherent vortex beams. On the basis of the generalized Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral, the formula for the intensity distribution in the focal plane is derived. The numerically calculated results are given to show that the coma of the lens leads to the asymmetry of focused intensity distribution. The influence of coherence length on the focused intensity distribution is also investigated. It is found that the effect of coma is not obvious when the coherence length is small. Intensity profiles for three different values of the azimuthal angle are plotted to illustrate the effect of coma and the influence of coherence length.     

超广角数字通用型投影镜头设计

为了解决现有超广角数字投影镜头存在的缺陷和不足,并与不同类型和规格数字投影机的超广角投影匹配,给出了8组9片式超广角数字通用型投影镜头的光学系统设计.镜头焦距为8.76mm、全视场角达到97°、F数为2.12、后工作距离大于34mm、最大口径小于96mm、总长小于200mm,结构中加入了1个偶次非球面,较好地校正了轴外像差与畸变.用减少透镜数量和增大相对孔径的办法提高了像面照度;通过增大光阑慧差及减小像方半视场角,提高了像面相对照度,其值达97.46%以上.通过合理确定棱镜等效厚度及调整结构布局,使结构适配光学引擎中棱镜的有效光学厚度为16.5~23mm.设计的镜头分辨率达120lp/mm、全视场相对畸变绝对值小于1.5%.结果表明:该镜头可满足0.55in~0.76in 3LCD和1DLP类型的各种数字投影机的使用,最小投射比可达0.53∶1,投影画面偏移量最大达到389mm,结构简单,体形小,成本低,成像质量好,可批量化生产.     

慧差对线偏振贝塞耳-高斯光束聚焦场的影响

利用Richards-Wolf矢量衍射积分公式,获得线偏振贝塞耳-高斯光束经具有初级慧差的高数值孔径系统聚焦后的三维光场复振幅函数,根据复振幅函数模拟了不同慧差系数下线偏振贝塞耳-高斯光束各分量及总光场在焦平面上的光强分布模式。研究结果表明,初级慧差使线偏振贝塞耳-高斯光束聚焦光场在焦平面的分布由双轴对称变成单轴对称,光强模式发生改变;各分量及总光场的光强模式中的光斑位置随初级慧差系数的增大偏离光轴;大的初级慧差使焦平面出现干涉条纹。     

Simulation of Differential Phase Detection Method Combined with Astigmatic Method using a Half Mirror in an Optical Pick-up

In an error detection optical system for optical pick-ups using a parallel plane type half mirror, influence on the differential phase detection (DPD) signal by a coma aberration was simulated. The coma aberration deforms the spot profile on the photodetector and influences the DPD signal level characteristics and the offset characteristics with respect to the objective lens shift. In the 4-segment-type DPD, the coma aberration caused by a half mirror 2.75 mm thick hardly affects the DPD signal if the photodetector is not misaligned. On the other hand, the 2-segment-type DPD has a small offset variation with respect to the objective lens shift and a large variation of the DPD signal level against the misalignment of the photodetector in comparison with the 4-segment-type DPD when there is no coma aberration. In the presence of a coma aberration, however, these variations of the 2-segment-type DPD are suppressed by choosing a pair of elements without the coma apex part of the spot.     

Coma compensation of o-ring driven liquid-filled lenses

The purpose of this study was to analyze the coma compensation of bi-convex o-ring driven liquid-filled lenses. In a previous study, the o-ring driven liquid-filled lens was composed of a base plate, a glass covered liquid container, an elastic membrane, an o-ring, a spring, and three hand-driven screws. The movement of the ring is used to control the focal length or the focus position. However, the o-ring driven liquid lens exhibited a coma effect when trying to use it to tilt the direction of light. To resolve this problem, in this study the bi-convex o-ring driven liquid-filled lens was constructed of two single o-ring driven liquid-filled lenses, and a coma compensation analysis of this new design is carried out. zemax software was used to construct the model, and the Zernike polynomials were used to estimate the compensation result. According to the simulation results, the following two actions could compensate for the initial coma aberration: (1) the same tilt direction of the front and back lenses; (2) increased the curvature of the back lens.     

Mirror objectives with variable focal length

We consider some issues involved in constructing a mirror system with a discrete variable focal length. We propose a procedure for designing two-mirror pancratic (zoom) systems with fixed image plane. In constructing the optimal layouts, we studied a basic two-mirror system to achieve minimum spherical aberration. We present the calculated design characteristics of an objective consisting of two spherical mirrors and providing a three-fold variation in focal length. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 76, No. 3, pp. 453–459, May–June, 2009.     

基于套刻误差测试标记的彗差检测技术

为了满足光刻机投影物镜彗差测量精度的要求,提出一种基于套刻误差测试标记的彗差检测技术,分析了彗差对套刻误差测试标记空间像的影响,详细叙述了该技术的测量原理,并利用PROLITH光刻仿真软件对不同数值孔径与部分相干因子设置下套刻误差相对于彗差的灵敏度系数进行了仿真实验。结果表明,与目前国际上通常使用的投影物镜彗差检测技术相比,该技术在传统照明条件下灵敏度系数Kz7与Kz14的变化范围分别增加了27.5%和34.3%,而在环形照明条件下则分别增加了20.4%和22.1%,因此彗差的测量精度可提高20%以上。     

自锁模钛宝石激光器谐振腔的像差研究

论述自锁模钛宝石激光器谐振腔的像差补偿问题，分析了“Ｘ”型与“Ｚ”型谐振腔彗差的大小，由此对这两种腔作出比较，指出“Ｘ”型腔的优点，在这样设计的激光器上，获得了１９ｆｓ激光脉冲输出，功率为３２０ｍＷ，中心波长为７８４ｎｍ，全半宽度为４２ｎｍ。