冲击载荷下自增强身管残余应力变化规律

基于有限元分析方法,建立速射火炮身管截面的有限元模型,采用直接耦合的方法,模拟了承受热应力和火药燃气压力的自紧身管在先50连发、冷却后再连发10发过程中身管的残余应力,得到并分析了残余应力的变化规律,指出内壁薄层的塑性变形和残余应力的反复变化,不利于内壁的稳定,还提出了减小残余应力变化程度的策略.     

爆炸自紧残余应力及对构件疲劳强度的影响

用贴腻子炸药法和动液压法两种爆轰工艺对不同类型厚壁构件实施了爆炸自增强处理,并对爆炸处理形成的残余应力进行了实验测定。对内壁有缺口和裂缝的厚壁圆环以及带缺口的超高压圆筒和四通构件进行了爆炸自紧处理并进行了疲劳实验检验,结果是:在高周疲劳阶段,经爆炸处理的构件缺口根部疲劳裂纹萌生寿命可提高5倍,内压疲劳开裂寿命可提高8~10倍。在低周塑性疲劳阶段构件的疲劳开裂寿命仍可提高1倍左右。由于用贴腻子炸药方法可使构件表面硬度增加从而获得更高的残余压应力,故其自增强效果优于动液压法。     

A non-destructive experimental investigation of elastic plastic interfaces of autofrettaged thick-walled cylindrical aluminium high pressure vessels

Positions of elastic plastic interfaces play a vital role in safe design and safe use of high pressure vessels. The ENGIN-X neutron diffractometer at the ISIS facility was used to measure the residual strain profiles in a series of aluminium vessels which had been subjected to different pressure levels. The positions of elastic plastic interfaces of the autofrettaged pressure vessels were identified. The results revealed that the residual strain magnitude and the depth of the plastic region will increase with increasing autofrettage pressure level. When autofrettage pressure produces an elastic-plastic boundary at a greater depth than the geometric mean position of the vessel wall, reverse yielding will occur, hence the loss of the vessels’ elastic ability to its subsequent loading. The neutron experimental results agreed well with both the suggestions from existing literatures and the results from FE simulations.     

高压容器自增强的研究

本文提出自增强技术中求解最佳弹－塑性界面半径（ｒｊｏｐｔ）的解析式；研究了自增强对厚壁圆筒应力分布和承载能力的影响，并提出了自增强技术中的最佳内压．     

船用液压联轴器外套线性强化自增强应力分析

为了提高船用液压联轴器的承载能力,需对联轴器外套进行自增强处理．采用线性强化模型,得到了液压联轴器外套自增强卸载后的残余应力、自增强压力和安装后的应力公式、公式表明最佳径比不仅与材料的屈服极限、弹性模量、线性强化弹性模量有关,还与鲍辛格效应系数有关、结合《船标》中规定尺寸进行了自增强分析,结果表明自增强外套的承载能力与非自增强外套的相比提高近50％．     

双线性材料模型机械自紧厚壁圆筒的弹塑性分析

考虑了实际材料的应变硬化和Ｂａｕｓｃｈｉｎｇｅｒ效应，利用合理的简化假设、通过弹塑性分析，得到了计算机械自紧厚壁圆筒的应力、位移、过盈量与自紧度、残余胀大量和冲头推力等机械自紧技术的关键计算公式。本文的理论计算结果与实验值相符合。