Synthesis, crystal structure and studies on properties of trisodium 5,3′,5′-trisulfonate-2,3,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-deoxybenzoin

A new water soluble compound trisodium 5,3′,5′-trisulfonate-2,3,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-deoxybenzoin (TTDB) was synthesized and characterized by IR, UV, ¹H NMR, and elemental analysis. The single crystal of TTDB was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The scavenging effect of compounds on hydroxy radicals was detected by fluorescent spectrophotometry. The electrochemical behavior of compounds in nonaqueous solution DMF was carried out by means of cyclic voltammetry. The experimental result shows that the crystal [C₁₄H₁₇Na₃O₁₈S₃] belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c with unit cell constants a = 1.4223(4) nm, b = 2.4327(8) nm, c = 1.3596(4) nm, α = 90°, β = 113.044(5)°, γ = 90°, Z = 8, V = 4.329(2) nm³, D _c = 1.925 mg/m³, F(000) = 2568, F _w = 638.43, R ₁ = 0.0950, wR ₂ = 0.2648. The half effective concentration EC₅₀ of scavenging hydroxy radicals of compound THDB is 53.1 μmol/L, while that of scavenging hydroxy radicals of compound TTDB is 47.3μmol/L. The electrochemistry redox processes of THDB and TTDB are different from each other. __________ Translated from Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2005, 26(9) (in Chinese)     

Synthesis and inhibitory activity of alkyl(hydroxyaryl)amines

The reaction of ω-(4-hydroxyaryl)haloalkanes with various nitrogen-containing agents afforded primary, secondary, and tertiary amino derivatives of 2,6-dialkylphenols. For the compounds synthesized, the reaction rate constants with peroxide radicals were measured for cumene and methyl oleate oxidation. The total inhibitory activity in the model reactions of thermal autooxidation of lard and hexadecane was studied. The rate constants of alkyl(hydroxylaryl)amines are the same as those of the corresponding alkylphenols, whereas the total inhibitory activity of some alkyl(hydroxylaryl)amines exceeds substantially that for alkylphenols. Dedicated to the memory of Academician N. N. Vorozhtsov on the 100th anniversary of his birth. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1107–1112, June, 2007.     

Antioxidative effects of flavonols and their glycosides against the free-radical-induced peroxidation of linoleic acid in solution and in micelles

The antioxidative effect of flavonols and their glycosides against the peroxidation of linoleic acid has been studied in homogeneous solution (tBuOH/H(2)O, 3:2) and in sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide micelles. The peroxidation was initiated thermally by the water-soluble initiator 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, and the reaction kinetics were studied by monitoring the formation of linoleic acid hydroperoxides. The synergistic antioxidant effect of the flavonols with alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) was also studied by following the decay kinetics of alpha-tocopherol and the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical. Kinetic analysis of the antioxidative process demonstrates that the flavonols are effective antioxidants in solution and in micelles, either alone or in combination with alpha-tocopherol. The antioxidative action involves trapping the initiating radicals in solution or in the bulk-water phase of the micelles, trapping the propagating lipid peroxyl radicals on the surface of the micelles, and regenerating alpha-tocopherol by reducing the alpha-tocopheroxyl radical. It was found that the antioxidant activity of the flavonols and their glycosides depends significantly on the position and number of the hydroxy groups, the oxidation potential of the molecule, and the reaction medium. The flavonols bearing ortho-dihydroxy groups possess significantly higher antioxidative activity than those without such functionalities, and the glycosides are less active than their parent aglycones. The activity of the flavonols is higher in micelles than in solution, while the activity of alpha-tocopherol is lower in micelles than in solution. This is because the predominant factor for controlling the activity is the hydrogen-bonding interaction of the antioxidant with the micellar surface in the case of hydrophilic flavonols, while it is the inter- and intramicellar diffusion in the case of lipophilic alpha-tocopherol.     

Spectrum–effect relationship of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Laportea bulbifera based on multivariate statistical analysis

Laportea bulbifera, named Hong He Ma in Chinese, is a Chinese herbal medicine commonly used by the Miao nationality of China. In this study, 43 batches of L. bulbifera were collected from different origins in China. Ethanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether were used to prepare different extracts of the plant. UHPLC technique was used to establish the fingerprints, whereas DPPH assay and RAW264.7 inflammatory cell models were used to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. Moreover, the spectrum–effect relationship between relative peak area of common peaks and efficacy value was set up by multivariate statistical analysis. Furthermore, 10 batches were selected randomly for validation of those models. The results showed that ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts possess excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. Peaks A₆ and A₇ demonstrated the greatest antioxidant activity, while peak A₁₇ showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activity. After a verified experiment, the result was obtained and illustrated that the spectrum–effect relationship which we established could reliably infer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds of the Chinese herbal medicine.     

复合酶酶解法提取褐藻糖胶及其结构分析和抗氧化性研究

用正交试验设计法研究了复合酶酶解法提取褐藻糖胶,使用sevage法脱蛋白,经DEAE-Sepharose FF离子交换层析后得到2个组分F1和F2,并分析了2个褐藻糖胶组分的结构,探讨了褐藻糖胶的抗氧化活性.优化提取工艺中褐藻糖胶的多糖质量分数是30.24%,硫酸根质量分数是21.25%.     

紫心甘薯多糖对四氯化碳肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

研究紫心甘薯多糖对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用及可能作用机制.以不同剂量的紫心甘薯多糖200、400、800 mg.(kg.d)-1分别给予小鼠灌胃,设立对照组,连续10 d作预处理,腹腔注射0.1%的CCl410 ml.kg-1建立CCl4诱导小鼠肝损伤模型.测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)酶活力、总胆红素(TBIL)、总蛋白(TP)含量,测定肝组织中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,并进一步观察肝组织病理组织学变化.紫心甘薯多糖各剂量组均能明显地抑制血清中ALT、AST、LDH、TBIL的升高和TP的下降,降低肝脏中MDA的含量,提高肝组织中SOD和GSH活性,减轻CCl4对肝脏细胞的病理损伤.紫心甘薯多糖对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显保护作用,其作用机理可能与抗氧化作用有关.     

N-Butyrylated Hyaluronic Acid Achieves Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vitro and in Adjuvant-Induced Immune Activation in Rats

Previously synthesized N-butyrylated hyaluronic acid (BHA) provides anti-inflammatory effects in rat models of acute gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia. However, the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of BHA and the targeted signaling pathways were explored with LPS-induced RAW264.7 and an adjuvant-induced inflammation in a rat model. Results indicated that BHA inhibited the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, reduced ROS production and down-regulated JAK1-STAT1/3 signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7. In vivo, BHA alleviated paw and joint swelling, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in paw tissues, suppressed gene expressions of p38 and p65, down-regulated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and reduced protein levels of TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 in joint tissues of arthritis rats. This study demonstrated the pivotal role of BHA in anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, suggesting the potential clinical value of BHA in the prevention of inflammatory arthritis and is worthy for development as a new pharmacological treatment.     

电沉积nicocral2o3泡沫合金及其高温抗氧化性

用电沉积方法制备了NiCoCr-Al_2O_3泡沫合金,研究了镀液组分对泡沫合金组分的影响。结果表明,随着镀液中CrCl_3·6H_2O和Al_2O_3的增加,合金中Cr和Al_2O_3含量增加,Cr质量分数高于6．8％,镀层变黑, Al_2O_3质量分数高于8．1％时,合金变脆。合金只有在≥852．37℃热处理后形成了有利于高温抗氧化性的相态,在1 200℃热处理后,合金的高温氧化增重率最低。随着合金中Cr和Al_2O_3含量的增加,合金的高温抗氧化性提高,且Al_2O_3含量对高温抗氧化性影响更显著。     

表面增强喇曼散射光谱研究金属铜在空气中的氧化及防护

表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)光谱在研究唑类化合物如苯并三氮唑(BTAH),苯并咪唑(BIMH)和2-巯基苯并咪唑(MBIH)在铜表面的行为及缓蚀作用方面已有较多应用。然而这类研究主要在电化学池中进行,存在一定局限性。本文报导利用硝酸蚀刻铜表面,用SERS直接研究铜表面在空气中的氧化以及唑类化合物对此氧化过程的阻碍作用。     

（Ti（1-x）Alx）N硬质涂层的研究进展

TiAlN作为一种三元复合纳米涂层材料,具有非常好的性能.该涂层克服了TiN涂层所存在的一些缺陷,其硬度远远高于TiN涂层,最高可达47GPa, 并且具有很好的热稳定性,在700℃高温下仍很稳定,而TiN涂层在500℃时就已被氧化.TiAlN涂层还具有抗磨损,摩擦系数小,热膨胀系数及热传导系数低等特性,这些特性与涂层中Al含量的多少有关,Al含量的改变会导致涂层微观结构的改变,从而使其性能发生变化.氮分压和基底温度对TiAlN涂层的性质有着极其重要影响.本文结合国内外对TiAlN涂层的最新研究进展,对TiAlN涂层的应用,制备方法,结构,抗氧化性及硬度作了简要论述.