Platinum Alloy Tailored All‐Weather Solar Cells for Energy Harvesting from Sun and Rain

Solar cells that can harvest energy in all weathers are promising in solving the energy crisis and environmental problems. The power outputs are nearly zero under dark conditions for state‐of‐the‐art solar cells. To address this issue, we present herein a class of platinum alloy (PtM_x, M=Ni, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo) tailored all‐weather solar cells that can harvest energy from rain and realize photoelectric conversion under sun illumination. By tuning the stoichiometric Pt/M ratio and M species, the optimized solar cell yields a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 10.38 % under simulated sunlight irradiation (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm^?2) as well as current of 3.90 μA and voltage of 115.52 μV under simulated raindrops. Moreover, the electric signals are highly dependent on the dripping velocity and the concentration of simulated raindrops along with concentrations of cation and anion.     

A Solar Cell That Is Triggered by Sun and Rain

All‐weather solar cells are promising in solving the energy crisis. A flexible solar cell is presented that is triggered by combining an electron‐enriched graphene electrode with a dye‐sensitized solar cell. The new solar cell can be excited by incident light on sunny days and raindrops on rainy days, yielding an optimal solar‐to‐electric conversion efficiency of 6.53 % under AM 1.5 irradiation and current over microamps as well as a voltage of hundreds of microvolts by simulated raindrops. The formation of π‐electron|cation electrical double‐layer pseudocapacitors at graphene/raindrop interface is contributable to current and voltage outputs at switchable charging–discharging process. The new concept can guide the design of advanced all‐weather solar cells.     

天气对光散射传输影响的仿真分析

天气对光散射传输影响分析具有很好的实践指导意义。目前均用单次散射模型研究非视线光传输信道特性,但该方法在天气条件差或者传输距离较远时误差很大。利用蒙特卡罗方法进行了基于多次散射的非视线光传输模拟,对多种天气条件下(晴、阴、雨和雾等)不同距离光散射传输进行仿真。结果表明,中远距离散射传输时,大气衰减起主导作用,信号传输质量由晴、阴、雨、雾依次降低;近距离散射传输时,受到大气衰减和散射的共同作用,天气对光散射传输的影响较小。因此,大气光散射传输技术可作为短距离条件下实现全天候通信的一种新方式。