Non‐Oxidative Methane Conversion Using Lead‐ and Iron‐Modified Albite Catalysts in Fixed‐Bed Reactor

Raw and modified albite catalysts, including Pb/Albite and Fe/Albite catalysts, have been investigated for methane conversion to C₂ hydrocarbons under non‐oxidative conditions. Introduction of Pb to albite improved the activity and selectivity to non‐coke products. Based on characterization, it was found that Pb entered into the alkali and alkaline‐earth metal sites of albite, while partial Fe doped in the tetrahedron sites and the other loaded on the surface of albite. At the reaction temperature of 1073 K, methane gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 2 L·gcat^–1·h^–1, catalyst dosage of 0.25 g (300 mesh), the methane conversion catalyzed by raw albite in the fixed‐bed micro reactor exhibited a methane conversion of 3.32%. Notably, introducing a Pb content of 3.4 wt% into albite greatly enhanced the conversion of methane up to 8.19%, and the selectivity of C₂ hydrocarbons reached 99% without any coke under the same reaction conditions. While Fe‐doping could weakly heighten the methane conversion to 3.97%, and coke was formed. Thus, a comparison of Pb/Albite and Fe/Albite catalysts demonstrates that the catalytic activity of albite is mainly decided by alkali and alkaline‐earth metal sites, and lead‐modification can effectively improve the catalytic activity of albite.     

水在钠长石熔体中溶解类型的实验研究

 根据对含水钠长石玻璃的FTIR光谱研究,认为水在钠长石熔体中同时以OH^-和H₂O形式存在,这分别对应于FTIR光谱中的4 500 cm^-1及5 200 cm^-1谱峰。此外,研究表明在溶解初期水主要以OH^-存在于熔体中,随着熔体中水含量的升高,H₂O分子则成为主要的溶解类型。而且,水的溶解类型变化与熔体粘度变化特征是一致的。     

A comparison between ab initio calculated and measured Raman spectrum of triclinic albite (NaAlSi3O8)

Albite is one of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust, and its polymorphs can be found in rocks with different cooling histories. The characteristic spectrum of vibration of the albite mineral reflects its structural Si/Al ordering. In this study, we report on the comparison between the Raman spectra measured on a natural and fully ordered (as deduced on the basis of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data) ‘low albite’, NaAlSi₃O₈, and those calculated at the hybrid Hartree–Fock/density functional theory level by employing the WC1LYP Hamiltonian, which has proven to give excellent agreement between calculated and experimentally measured vibrational wavenumbers in silicate minerals. All the 39 expected A_g modes are identified in the Raman spectra, and their wavenumbers and intensities, in different scattering configurations, correspond well to the calculated ones. The average absolute discrepancy is ~3.4 cm⁻¹, being the maximum discrepancy |Δv|_max ~ 10.3 cm⁻¹. The very good quality of the WC1LYP results allows for reliable assignments of the Raman features to specific patterns of atomic vibrational motion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高温高压下钠长石的阻抗谱实验研究

 在压力为1.0、2.0 GPa和温度为673～973 K条件下,采用交流阻抗谱法在YJ-3000t紧装式六面顶高压设备上原位测量了钠长石的电导率。实验结果表明：在实验的温度和压力范围内,钠长石的电导率在10^-3.0～10^-5.5 S/m变化;钠长石复阻抗的模和相角对频率有很强的依赖性;随着温度T升高,钠长石的电阻率迅速减小,电导率σ增大,并且lg σ与T^-1之间符合Arrhenius关系;在实验压力范围内,随着压力升高,钠长石的电导率降低。采用离子导电机制,对高温高压下钠长石的导电行为进行了合理解释。