A novel antimicrobial flavonoidic glycoside from the leaves of Alstonia macrophylla Wall ex A. DC (Apocynaceae)

<正>A new flavonoidic glycoside,tricin-4'-O-β-L-arabinoside(1) was isolated from the leaves of Alstonia macrophylla along with two known flavonoids,vitexin and myricetin-3′-rhamnoside-3-O-galactoside.Their structures were established by chemical and spectral evidences.The known compounds were reported for the first time from this plant.Moreover compound 1 was tested for antifungal and antibacterial activities.     

光谱法研究牡荆素与蛋白质相互作用及共存金属离子的影响

利用荧光光谱法和紫外-可见光谱法研究了牡荆素(VT)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用.VT对BSA的荧光猝灭为动态猝灭过程,测定了不同温度下的猝灭常数;根据F(o)rster非辐射能量转移理论,计算出VT在BSA中的结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离为2.675.nm;通过热力学参数推断出VT与BSA之间主要靠疏水作用...     

Enzymatic inhibitory activity of Ficus deltoidea leaf extract on matrix metalloproteinase-2, 8 and 9

Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity is known in many pathological conditions with which most of the conditions are related to elevate MMPs activities. Ficus deltoidea (FD) is a plant known for its therapeutic properties. In order to evaluate the therapeutic potential of FD leaf extract, we study the enzymatic inhibition properties of FD leaf extract and its major bioactive compounds (vitexin and isovitexin) on a panel of MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9) using experimental and computational approaches. FD leaf extract and its major bioactive compounds showed pronounced inhibition activity towards the MMPs tested. Computational docking analysis revealed that vitexin and isovitexin bind to the active site of the three tested MMPs. We also evaluated the cytotoxicity and cell migration inhibition activity of FD leaf extract in the endothelial EA.hy 926 cell line. Conclusively, this study provided additional information on the potential of FD leaf extract for therapeutical application.     

Polar Chemical Constituents from Phoebe formosana

A chemical investigation on the H₂O-soluble constituents from the leaf of Phoebe formosana. led to the characterization often compounds including two C-glycosylflavone — vitexin ( 1 ), isovitexin ( 2 ); six O-glycosylflavonol — quercetin 3-O-galactoside ( 3 ), quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside ( 4 ), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside ( 5 ), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside ( 6 ), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside ( 7 ); one dihydroflavonol -(+)-dihydroquercetin ( 8 ) and two nucleosides -adenosine ( 9 ), and adenine ( 10 ). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis.     

Determination of vitexin and isovitexin in pigeonpea using ultrasonic extraction followed by LC-MS

A method based on ultrasonic extraction (USE) followed by LC-MS is presented for the determination of vitexin and isovitexin in pigeonpea extracts in this study. The influential parameters of the USE procedure were optimized, and the optimal conditions were as follows: extraction solvent, 60% ethanol solution; liquid/solid ratio 10:1 (mL/g), extraction power, 250 W; temperature, 40-50 degrees C; and three extraction cycles, each cycle 15 min. Validation of the USE method was performed in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. RSDs for extraction yields were lower than 5.85 and 8.09%, respectively. The LOD and LOQ of chromatographic determination were 0.96 and 3.2 ng/mL for vitexin and 0.84 and 2.8 ng/mL for isovitexin. The method was also successfully applied for the determination of vitexin and isovitexin in stems, leaves, and root extracts of pigeonpea. From all these results, we may conclude that the developed method is appropriate for the quality control of pigeonpea and other plant extract products developed from pigeonpea.     

维生素C与维生素B2对中药有效成分牡荆素与人血清白蛋白结合的扰动作用

采用荧光光谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱及圆二色谱(CD)等方法,研究了维生素C(VC)、维生素B2 (VB2)对中药有效成分牡荆素(VTX)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)结合的扰动,求得VC或VB2存在下HSA-VTX结合的猝灭常数Ksv、结合常数Ka和结合位点数n等参数,归纳了VC、VB2可能的扰动方式.结果表明,25℃时,在V...     

短瓣金莲花指标成分的红外光谱快速分析

将现代红外光谱分析技术与化学计量学方法相结合,建立利用红外光谱对短瓣金莲花药材的指标成分进行快速定量分析的方法。 以高效液相色谱法获得短瓣金莲花指标成分（荭草苷、牡荆苷）的含量作为参考数据,以傅里叶变换红外光谱技术获取其红外光谱图,在此基础上利用化学计量学方法将指标成分与红外光谱图数据关联,构建指标成分的快速预测模型。 以不同比例甲醇-水作为溶剂,采用室温浸提、加热回流、超声辅助工艺提取获得36个短瓣金莲花药材提取物。利用高效液相色谱法测试短瓣金莲花提取物的荭草苷和牡荆苷含量,并以傅里叶变换红外光谱仪辅以水平衰减全反射附件测试各样品的红外光谱图。分别选取29个提取物样品作为检验集,其余为校正集,采用TQ Analyst EZ Edition软件进行建模。以交叉验证相关系数（R2）和交叉验证误差均方根（RMSEC）为指标选择光谱预处理方法、定量分析方法和建模波段,用预测误差均方根（RMSEP）考核模型的预测效果。通过筛选得到优化的光谱预处理方法为标准正态分布校正（SNV）和二阶导数（13点平滑）,定量分析方法为偏最小二乘（PLS）方法,荭草苷和牡荆苷的最佳波段分别为2 050~650和1 900~650 cm-1。以PLS法构建的荭草苷和牡荆苷模型的相关系数分别为0.919 8和0.970 8,模型预测结果的相对偏差分别在-2.0%~3.2%和-3.4%~4.7%之间。鉴于红外光谱技术所具有的测试迅速、微观宏观指纹特性、定性定量皆可分析、对环境无污染等特点,利用红外光谱法可对中药提取物的指标成分进行快速、准确、环保、高效的分析,为中药的质量控制提供了新的思路和解决方案。     

Probing the binding of vitexin to human serum albumin by multispectroscopic techniques

The interaction between vitexin and human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by using different spectroscopic techniques viz., fluorescence, UV-vis absorption, circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy under simulated physiological conditions. Fluorescence results revealed the presence of static type of quenching mechanism in the binding of vitexin to HSA. The binding constants (K_a) between vitexin and HSA were obtained according to the modified Stern-Volmer equation. The thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were calculated to be -57.29 kJ mol⁻¹ and -99.01 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ via the van't Hoff equation, which indicated that the interaction of vitexin with HSA was driven mainly by hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces. Fluorescence anisotropy data showed that warfarin and vitexin shared a common binding site I corresponding to the subdomain IIA of HSA. The binding distance (r) between the donor (HSA) and the acceptor (vitexin) was 4.16 nm based on the Förster theory of non-radioactive energy transfer. In addition, the results of synchronous fluorescence, CD and FT-IR spectra demonstrated that the microenvironment and the secondary structure of HSA were changed in the presence of vitexin.     

HPLC结合紫外光谱法快速定性定量分析四种竹叶黄酮碳苷

采用HPLC结合紫外光谱法,同时测定四种竹叶黄酮碳苷(荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷)。采用Waters XTerra MS C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈和0.5%甲酸水溶液,等梯度洗脱,流速1mL·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长360nm。建立各个组分在0.1~10.0mg·L-1范围内系列浓度的混合标准工作曲线,其相关系数R2均优于0.999,且在22min内得到较好分离。方法检出限介于0.03~0.07mg·L-1,定量限介于0.04~0.08mg·L-1。分别将标准品与样品中四种黄酮碳苷的紫外光谱(240~400nm)进行比对,荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷相应的光谱曲线形状以及特征吸收波长都表现出高吻合度。取竹叶样品经热回流提取,石油醚萃取及AB-8大孔树脂纯化后,再采用HPLC结合紫外光谱法检测得荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷四种黄酮碳苷相对于竹叶黄酮粉的百分含量分别为13.73,49.68,7.85和30.70mg·g-1,平均回收率为34.90%~87.64%,相对标准偏差为0.41%~10.83%。本方法实现了在较短时间内快速分析竹叶中四种黄酮碳苷,样品稳定,重现性好,为市售竹叶黄酮碳苷的质量控制提供参考。     

C-Glucosylflavonoid biosynthesis from 2-hydroxynaringenin by Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) (Fabaceae)

[2′,3′,5′,6′-²H₄]-2-Hydroxynaringenin is synthesised and incubated with commercially available UDP-glucose and the crude protein extract from Desmoduim uncinatum leaves. The organic extract produces isotopically labelled [2′,3′,5′,6′-²H₄]-vitexin and [2′,3′,5′,6′-²H₄]-isovitexin. Repeating the experiment with denatured protein or replacing the 2-hydroxynaringenin with [2′,3′,5′,6′-²H₄]-apigenin or [2′,3′,5′,6′-²H₄]-naringenin results in no observable incorporation. 2-Hydroxynaringenin is therefore the substrate for C-glucosylflavonoid biosynthesis in D. uncinatum.