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Application of Anodic Stripping Differential Alternative Pulses Voltammetry for Simultaneous Species Quantification 下载免费PDF全文
《Electroanalysis》2018,30(9):1902-1905
The second order voltammetric technique Differential Alternative Pulses Voltammetry (DAPV) was applied in anodic stripping mode for simultaneous quantification of traces of species having close E1/2. The potential‐time waveform and the signal processing allowing the DAPV application in stripping mode are presented. The pulses widths and amplitudes were optimized to obtain maximal sensitivity and resolution at traces of In3+ and Cd2+ (having E1/2 difference of 45 mV) simultaneous quantification in presence of excess of Pb2+. Precise results for both species concentrations were obtained up to In3+ to Cd2+ concentration ratio as high as 1 to 10 without any sample pre‐treatment in purified industrial waste waters using 0.1 mol L−1 HCl as supporting electrolyte. 相似文献
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Edward N. Nxumalo 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(17):2942-2948
Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) have been synthesized by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) floating catalyst method using either 4-ferrocenylaniline or mixtures of varying concentrations of ferrocene/aniline together with toluene as added carbon source. The N-CNTs produced are less stable (thermal gravimetric analysis measurements), less graphitic and more disordered (transmission electron microscope measurements) than their undoped counterparts. The ratio of the Raman D- and G-band intensities increase with the nitrogen concentration used during the CNT growth. Furthermore, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies reveal that the CNTs are multi-walled (MW), and that the diameters of the N-MWCNTs can be controlled by systematically varying the concentrations of the nitrogen source. The TEM analysis also revealed that when ferrocenylaniline and ferrocene/aniline reactions are compared at similar Fe/N ratios, higher N doping levels are achieved (ca. 2-5×) when ferrocenylaniline is the catalyst. 相似文献
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The ablation processes of Cu film are investigated using temporal shaped femtosecond pulse trains. The depth is modulated by changing the number and interval of the sub-pulses. The underlying ultrafast dynamic processes are discussed based on plasma shielding and electron multiple heating mechanisms. When the sub-pulse interval is less than 0.4 ps electron multiple heating is the dominant mechanism, while the plasma shielding dominates the subsequent ablation processes when the sub-pulse interval is larger than 0.4 ps. The curve of depth obtained by three pulse trains shows more significant oscillation as the function of sub-pulse interval under the low-fluence. We propose that the oscillation of depth is due to the coherent phonon oscillation excited by the pulse train. The study provides a basis for giving insight into the ultrafast dynamics for improving micromachining and nano-fabrications using shaped femtosecond pulse trains. 相似文献
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A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output. 相似文献
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从转动矩阵理论与实验两方面研究了结合脉冲梯度场的选择性形状脉冲的相位特性,结果表明:单梯度自旋回波(SPFGSE)和双梯度自旋回波(DPFGSE)对于对称和反对称的形状脉冲,都能很好地克服其相位畸变;而双梯度自旋回波(DPFGSE)对于非对称的形状脉冲也能克服其相位畸变;双选择性单梯度自旋回波无法克服形状脉冲的相位畸变. 相似文献
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本文介绍了Varian系统所有通道上的整形脉冲;整形脉冲的形状;波形发生器的功率适中的脉冲整形以及应用"Tophat"的选择激发;整形脉冲与选择性反转;选择性反转或宽带反转,整形脉冲的宽带激发;以及多频率激发的移层式脉冲等. 相似文献
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Metalloproteins are a category of biomolecules in which the metal site is usually the locus of activity or function. In many cases, the metal ions are paramagnetic or have accessible paramagnetic states, many of which can be studied using NMR spectroscopy. Extracting useful information from 1H NMR spectra of highly paramagnetic proteins can be difficult because the paramagnetism leads to large resonance shifts (~400 ppm), extremely broad lines, extreme baseline nonlinearity, and peak shape distortion. It is demonstrated that employing polychromatic and adiabatic shaped pulses in simple pulse sequences, then combining existing sequences, leads to significant spectral improvement for highly paramagnetic proteins. These sequences employ existing technology, with available hardware, and are of short duration to accommodate short nuclear T1 and T2. They are shown to display uniform excitation over large spectral widths (~75 kHz), accommodate high repetition rates, produce flat baselines over 75 kHz while maintaining peak shape fidelity, and can be used to reduce spectral dynamic range. High‐spin (S = 5/2) metmyoglobin, a prototypical highly paramagnetic protein, was used as the test molecule. The resulting one‐dimensional (1D) pulse sequences combine shaped pulses with super‐water elimination Fourier transform, which can be further combined with paramagnetic spectroscopy to give shaped pulses with super‐water elimination Fourier transform–paramagnetic spectroscopy. These sequences require, at most, direct current offset correction and minimal phasing. The performance of these sequences in simple 1H 1D, 1D NOE, and two‐dimensional NOESY experiments is demonstrated for metmyoglobin and Paracoccus denitrificans Co2+‐amicyanin (S = 3/2), and employed to make new heme hyperfine resonance assignments for high‐spin metBjFixLH151–256, the heme sensing domain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum FixL. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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B. M. Epelbaum K. Shimamura K. Inaba S. Uda V. V. Kochurikhin H. Machida Y. Terada T. Fukuda 《Crystal Research and Technology》1999,34(3):301-309
In spite of their superior laser and polarizer properties rare-earth orthovanadates (REVO4) single crystals have not been adopted yet into extensive industrial applications because of crystal growth difficulties. The main problems of CZ technique are compositional change and diameter instability. This work presents the first attempt to apply the edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) technique by which well-shaped REVO4crystals have been grown directly. The capillary properties of YVO4 and GdVO4 melt have been measured. The applicability of shaped growth for rare-earth orthovanadate family was approved by successful EFG growth of transparent rod-like macro-defect-free single crystals of YVO4 and GdVO4. We address two main approaches to enhance the quality of EFG crystals: (i) meniscus and crystal shape stability dependence on die top shape and (ii) the strategy of effective operating control. Concave die top was found to be the best choice for high-quality EFG growth of REVO4 along [001] direction. The spectral analysis of weight signal from growing crystal was shown to be a useful feedforward clue to prevent crystallinity degradation at a very early stage. A reasonable stability of the EFG process was achieved using [211], [101], [001] and [100] pulling directions. 相似文献
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