An improved planar-gate triode with CNTs field emitters by electrophoretic deposition

An improved planar-gate triode with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) field emitters has been successfully fabricated by conventional photolithography, screen printing and electrophoretic deposition (EPD). In this structure, cathode electrodes and ITO arrays linked with gate electrodes were interdigitated and paralleled on the same plane although the gate electrodes and cathode electrodes were isolated by dielectric layer, a so-called improved planar-gate triode structure. An electrophoretic process was developed to selectively deposit CNTs field emitters onto cathode electrodes in the CNTs suspension by an applied voltage between the gate electrodes and cathode electrodes. The optical microscopy and FESEM image showed that the CNTs emitters with the uniform packing density were selectively defined onto the cathode electrodes. In addition, field emission characteristics of an improved planar-gate triode with CNTs field emitters were investigated. The experiment results indicated that the turn-on voltage of this triode structure at current density of 1 μA/cm² was approximately 55 V. The anode current and gate current came to 396 μA and 325 μA, at gate voltage and anode voltage of 100 V and 4000 V, respectively and at the anode-cathode spacing of 2000 μm. The emission image became brighter and the luminous image with dot matrix on the anode plate obviously increased with the increase of the gate voltage. Moreover, the emission current fluctuation was smaller than 5% for 11 h, which indicated that the improved planar-gate triode has a good field emission performance and long lifetime.     

测三极管特性的改进电路

指出了电子线路基础实验教材中所给出的测三极管特性的电路所存在的问题,提出了合理的电路.     

旋转间断过渡层中的粒子轨道

用一维粒子Code研究了旋转间断过渡层中的粒子轨道。发现绝大多数粒子都能穿过过渡层到达下游区;但是,有少量的粒子被捕获在过渡层内;也有一定数量的粒子被反射回上游区。捕获粒子数和反射粒子数与过渡层厚度D有关。在稳定旋转间断中,反射粒子数和捕获粒子数分别为2％和3％左右。对于不稳定的旋转间断,这两个比值可上升2-4倍。反射粒子和捕获粒子的动力学效应可以很好地解释旋转间断,中间激波和多重激波模拟的一些重要结果.     

Optical emission spectroscopy of the sputtering process in the triode system

The results of spectroscopic investigation of plane plasma discharge and sputtering processes in the triode system are presented. The forced electric discharge with currents of 1–4 A at an argon pressure of 1 mTorr was studied using the emission spectroscopy method. The spectra of plasma discharge were observed in the 200–1100 nm wavelength range. Two metal targets, gold and silver, were used for sputtering. It was found that a part of sputtered particles is ionized in plasma. The emission spectra of the ionized gold and silver species were observed as a function of target voltage while sputtering. It was shown that the number of ionized metal species depends on the energy of argon ions.     

同轴反射三极管振荡器的数值模拟

 提出了一种新型的同轴反射三极管振荡器并对其进行了数值模拟研究。新模型在阴极底座处延伸出一定半径和长度的内导体到互作用区,使得互作用区有了一定的电场梯度,有助于电子在虚阴极和阴极之间来回反射。另外,阴极内导体的引入也使得该器件要求的电子束阻抗可以较高,阴阳极间距可以较大。在电子束电压和电流分别为590 kV和19.1 kA、输出区波导半径为5.6 cm、二极管阴阳极间距为2.5 cm时,通过参数优化,模拟得到输出频率、周期平均功率和效率分别为3.62 GHz,1.7 GW和15%的微波输出。对器件的物理机制进行了初步分析,结果表明反射电子的振荡对微波的产生起主要作用。     

Getting the most from your laboratory information system in the hematology laboratory

As laboratories continue to downsize, commercialize and become more businesslike in today’s managed care environment, their present and future success will greatly depend on the efficiency and flexibility of their laboratory information system (LIS). Today, LIS is a primary tool for managing business and communication. Laboratories that hope to remain competitive in today’s dynamic health care must continue to implement new and innovative approaches with their LISs. Received: 26 July 2002 Accepted: 6 August 2002 Presented at the European Conference on Quality in the Spotlight in Medical Laboratories, 7–9 October 2001, Antwerp, Belgium     

高功率微波的远场测量

 叙述了高功率微波的远场测量方法，并加以改进。采用改进后的方法对本实验室反射三极管装置所激励的高功率微波进行了测量，测得了辐射方向图，得到了辐射功率，分析了辐射模式。测量结果表明：微波辐射功率超过300MW，辐射频率为2.8GHz，微波脉宽约150ns，辐射模式包含TE₁₁等模式。     

半导体器件总剂量辐射效应的热力学影响

对商用三极管和MOS场效应晶体管进行了不同环境温度下的总剂量辐照实验,对比了不同辐照温度对这两种器件辐射效应特性的影响。实验结果表明,对于同一辐照总剂量,三极管的基极电流、电流增益和MOS场效应晶体管的阈值电压漂移值都随着辐照温度的不同而存在较大的差异。总剂量为100 krad,辐照温度分别为25,70,100 ℃时,NPN三极管的电流增益倍数分别衰减了71,89和113,而NMOS晶体管的阈值电压V_T分别减少了3.53,2.8,2.82 V。     

基于LabWindows/CVI的光电三极管虚拟测试仪设计

光电三极管具有伏安,光照,温度,功率等多种特性,正确选择使用某种型号的光电三极管之前需要熟悉其特性,因此需要一种便携、廉价、易操作的测试仪对光电三极管的特性进行测试,本文设计出基于LabWindows/CVI设计了一种光电三极管虚拟测试仪,用高速采集卡和LabWindows/CVI取代传统的模拟电子电路测试仪器完成光电三极管特性的测量。在构建虚拟仪器测试方案的基础上,首先设计了一种信号放大电路用于光电三极管输出信号的放大处理,然后提出了光电三极管特性测量方法,最后阐述了labWindows/CVI环境下的光电三极管测试数据处理过程;实验测试表明:所设计的虚拟测试仪能够准确地对光电三极管的伏安特性和光照特性进行测量,测试结果形象化地显示在仪器面板上,有效地避免因工作时参数过高对光电三极管造成的影响。     

Design of triode extraction system for a dual hollow cathode ion source

A triode extraction system is designed for a dual hollow cathode ion source being developed at the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics,Peking University.Basic parameters of the plasma are selected after examining the operation principle of the ion source,then the triode extraction system is designed and optimized by using software PBGUNS (for Particle Beam GUN Simulations).The physical design of the system is given in this paper.