等截面超-超引射器流场结构及引射性能

为考察超声速引射器直接引射超声速二次流时的性能,采用纹影技术和压力测量手段对一等截面超-超引射器的流场结构及其引射性能进行了实验研究。研究结果表明:一、二次流交汇后在混合室前段形成了复杂的超声速流场结构。根据二次流在混合室入口流动状态的不同,可将超-超引射划分为非饱和超-超引射和饱和超-超引射两种工作状态;二次流在混合室入口处产生的激波提高了引射器的压力匹配性能;在给定的引射系数下,引射器的增压性能随二次流马赫数的增大而降低,而引射马赫数对引射器压力恢复性能的影响不大。

     

基于ROI编码的干涉超光谱图像近无损压缩

针对干涉超光谱成像仪所成图像的特点,提出了一种基于ROI（Region of Interest,感兴趣区域）编码的干涉超光谱图像序列压缩方法.利用帧内差值变换,结合矩形ROI编码,在提高遥感图像压缩比的同时,使压缩后的重建图像质量达到近无损的技术要求.实验结果表明,这种压缩方法在干涉超光谱图像压缩中当相对光谱二次误差为2.04％时,干涉图像的压缩比达到9.66∶1.     

LASIS高光谱图像的3D-SPECK压缩算法

将三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法结合感兴趣区域的压缩方案用于大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪图像压缩.首先,对高光谱干涉图像序列进行三维非对称离散小波变换.其次,定义零块树作为编码单位.采用感兴趣区域方法对不同的编码单位赋予不同的比特率,以保护光谱信息.最后,采用改进的三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法分别对每个编码单位进行编码.实验结果表明,该方案在8:1压缩比下,获得大于40dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.该算法复杂度低,实时性好,满足大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪系统图像压缩要求.     

Diffusion tensor parameters and principal eigenvector coherence: Relation to b-value intervals and field strength

Diffusion-weighted MRI images acquired at b-value greater than 1000 s mm^− 2 measure the diffusion of a restricted pool of water molecules. High b-value images are accompanied by a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to the application of large diffusion gradients. By fitting the diffusion tensor model to data acquired at incremental b-value intervals, we determined the effect of SNR on tensor parameters in normal human brains, in vivo. In addition, we also investigated the impact of field strength on the diffusion tensor model. Data were acquired at 1.5 and 3 T, at b-values 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 s mm^− 2 in twenty diffusion-sensitised directions. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and principal eigenvector coherence (κ) were calculated from diffusion tensors fitted between datasets with b-values 0–1000, 0–2000, 0–3000, 1000–2000 and 2000–3000 s mm^− 2. Field strength and b-value effects on diffusion parameters were analysed in white and grey matter regions of interest. Decreases in FA, κ and MD were found with increasing b-value in white matter. Univariate analysis showed a significant increase in FA with increasing field strength in highly organised white matter. These results suggest there are significant differences in diffusion parameters at 1.5 and 3 T and that the optimal results, in terms of the highest values of FA in white matter, are obtained at 3 T with a maximum b = 1000 s mm^− 2.     

BP神经网络在光学相关器相关峰识别中的应用

光学相关识别是图像识别的重要方法，有效识别相关器输出平面的相关峰信号是保证光学相关器图像识别准确性的关键。由于激光器输出功率的波动、光学系统本身的误差以及SLM器件本身带来的噪声，采用一般的阈值方法很难达到理想的效果。该文提出对相关器的输出平面进行预处理，充分考虑相关信号的形状信息，提取感兴趣区域(ROI)，采用BP神经网络对输入矢量进行计算，可达到对相关峰信号和噪声的有效分类识别，从而提高了光学相关器识别的可靠性，降低了误判的概率。     

一种改进的无链表3DSPITH算法用于高光谱图像压缩

 针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪(LASIS)的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维非对称等长树小波变换的无链表SPITH算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案。首先,对干涉高光谱图像进行三维非对称等长树离散小波变换。其次,采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行保护。最后,采用改进的三维无链表SPITH算法,编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换域。实验结果表明,该方法在8∶1压缩比下,获得大于40 dB的平均峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息。     

Initial guess by improved population-based intelligent algorithms for large inter-frame deformation measurement using digital image correlation

Digital image correlation (DIC) has received a widespread research and application in experimental mechanics. In DIC, the performance of subpixel registration algorithm (e.g., Newton-Raphson method, quasi-Newton method) relies heavily on the initial guess of deformation. In the case of small inter-frame deformation, the initial guess could be found by simple search scheme, the coarse-fine search for instance. While for large inter-frame deformation, it is difficult for simple search scheme to robustly estimate displacement parameters and deformation parameters simultaneously with low computational cost. In this paper, we proposed three improving strategies, i.e. Q-stage evolutionary strategy (T), parameter control strategy (C) and space expanding strategy (E), and then combined them into three population-based intelligent algorithms (PIAs), i.e. genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), and finally derived eighteen different algorithms to calculate the initial guess for qN. The eighteen algorithms were compared in three sets of experiments including large rigid body translation, finite uniaxial strain and large rigid body rotation, and the results showed the effectiveness of proposed improving strategies. Among all compared algorithms, DE-TCE is the best which is robust, convenient and efficient for large inter-frame deformation measurement.     

一种干涉高光谱图像的3DSPIHT结合ROI压缩算法

针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维小波变换的3DSPIHT算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案.对干涉高光谱图像序列进行了三维非对称离散小波变换.采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行提升,以保护光谱信息.最后,对3DSPIHT算法进行改进,以有效编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换系数.实验结果表明,该方法在8:1压缩比下可获得大于40dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.     

一种可交互的体绘制光学传递函数模型

针对三维数据场可视化过程中兴趣区的交瓦分离问题.给出了基于体绘制光学传递函数的半自动调节方法.该方法从传递函数的光学模型出发,根据三维数据的光强分布,结合体数据的三维梯度场.给出了体数据的颜色及透明度值分离交互凋常的模犁.为了提高本方法的实用性,本文采用了交互模型与现代显卡纹理特性相结合的方法来提高交互速度.实验证明,通过实时调节改进传递函数的相关参量.该模型能以大于每秒30帧的交互速度获得必趣区的最佳视觉分离效果.本方法能在交互体视化的同时实现最佳参量的获取.     

一种干涉高光谱图像的3DSPIHT结合ROI压缩算法

 针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维小波变换的3DSPIHT算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案.对干涉高光谱图像序列进行了三维非对称离散小波变换.采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行提升,以保护光谱信息.最后,对3DSPIHT算法进行改进,以有效编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换系数.实验结果表明,该方法在8:1压缩比下可获得大于40 dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.