Quantitative surface analysis by Auger and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Recent developments in quantitative surface analysis by Auger (AES) and x-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies are reviewed and problems relating to a more accurate quantitative interpretation of AES/XPS experimental data are discussed. Special attention is paid to consideration of elementary physical processes involved and influence of multiple scattering effects on signal line intensities. In particular, the major features of core-shell ionization by electron impact, Auger transitions and photoionization are considered qualitatively and rigorous approaches used to calculate the respective transition probabilities are analysed. It is shown that, in amorphous and polycrystalline targets, incoherent scattering of primary and signal Auger and photoelectrons can be described by solving analytically a kinetic equation with appropriate boundary conditions. The analytical results for the angular and energy distribution, the mean escape depth, and the escape probability as a function of depth of origin of signal electrons as well as that for the backscattering factor in AES are in good agreement with the corresponding Mote Carlo simulation data. Methods for inelastic background subtraction, surface composition determination and depth-profile reconstructions by angle-resolved AES/XPS are discussed. Examples of novel techniques based on x-ray induced photoemission are considered.     

基于多视场星敏感器的姿态确定方法

星敏感器是目前航天器姿态测量精度最高的器件,与传统的单视场星敏感器相比,多视场星敏感器可以实现三轴同样高精度的姿态测量,提高姿态测量精度。针对单视场星敏感器姿态确定问题,推导了以最小代价函数为指标的QUEST姿态确定算法。对于多视场星敏感器,通过坐标变换方法将多个视场的导航星矢量转换到同一视场中,再利用QUEST算法得到航天器姿态。最后仿真结果表明,坐标变换后进行姿态确定得到的姿态数据与单个视场所得的姿态数据相同,验证了方法的正确性。     

基于QUEST定量检测1H MRS大脑代谢物的研究

利用jMRUI时域分析软件模拟先验知识基础集定量检测¹H MRS大脑代谢物. 通过模拟短TE=28 ms的¹H MRS的多种代谢物基础集,经HLSVD奇异值分解滤除残余水峰,将先验知识应用在QUEST算法上对¹H MRS大脑代谢物信号进行定量估计. 结果显示, 基于QUEST能有效获得¹H MRS大脑代谢物的估计浓度. 表明引用先验知识基础集进行¹H MRS定量分析可克服短TE时谱线复杂和波峰重叠峰等问题,极大地提取代谢物的信息.     

基于弹载双视场星敏感器求解姿态的几种算法研究

利用弹载星敏感器观测得到的数据,采用三种不同的姿态求解算法,分别计算出了弹体的姿态。通过比较损失函数和处理时间,得出QUEST算法精度高,处理时间短,适用于求解双视场星敏感器的导弹姿态。     

基于QUEST定量检测^1H MRS大脑代谢物的研究

利用jMRUI时域分析软件模拟先验知识基础集定量检测1H MRS大脑代谢物.通过模拟短TE=28 ms的1H MRS的多种代谢物基础集,经HLSVD奇异值分解滤除残余水峰,将先验知识应用在QUEST算法上对1H MRS大脑代谢物信号进行定量估计.结果显示,基于QUEST能有效获得1H MRS大脑代谢物的估计浓度.表明引用先验知识基础集进行1H MRS定量分析可克服短TE时谱线复杂和波峰重叠峰等问题,极大地提取代谢物的信息.