全文获取类型
收费全文 | 152篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 123篇 |
物理学 | 54篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 10篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有177条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Alasdair A. MacDonald Sheila H. Dewitt Shomir Ghosh Eleonora M. Hogan Laura Kieras Anthony W. Czarnik Robert Ramage 《Molecular diversity》1996,1(3):183-186
Summary A major objective of the DIVERSOMER® technology is to provide pure and characterized compounds for biological testing in order to prevent false negatives in our libraries. On several occasions, analysis of the final products by1H-NMR and MS, has revealed by-products from the polystyrene solid support. Subsequently, three alternative methods were studied to remove polystyrene by-products; (i) prewashing of the resin prior to execution of the synthesis; (ii) pretreatment of the resin with the cleavage conditions consistent with the solid-phase synthesis reaction scheme; and (iii) parallel purification. 相似文献
2.
Efforts were made to assess the efficiency of an anaerobic filter packed with porous floating ceramic media and to identify
the optimum operational condition of anaerobic filter as a pretreatment of swine wastewater for the subsequent biological
removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. A stepwise decrease in hydraulic retention time (HRT) and an increase in organic loading
rate (OLR) were utilized in an anaerobic filter reactor at mesophilic temperature (35°C). The optimum operating condition
of the anaerobic filter was found to be at an HRT of 1 d. A soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 62%
and a total suspended solids removal efficiency of 39% at an HRT of 1 d were achieved with an OLR of 16.0 kg total COD/(m3·d), respectively. The maximum methane production rate approached 1.70 vol of biogas produced per volume of reactor per day
at an HRT of 1 d. It was likely that the effluent COD/total Kjeldahl nitrogen ratio, of 22, the COD/total phosphorous ratio
of 47, and the high effluent alkalinity >2500 mg/L as CaCO3 of the anaerobic filter operated at an HRT of 1 d was adequate for the subsequent biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. 相似文献
3.
提出了一个木质纤维素生物质预处理的全绿色加工过程.以玉米秸秆和玉米芯为原料,以超临界CO2和超声偶合法对木质纤维素进行预处理.超临界CO2预处理条件为:压力15-25 MPa,温度120170℃,含水量50%,反应时间0.54 h.超声场功率600W,温度80℃,作用时间2-8 h.用纤维素酶水解反应获得的还原糖总量来评价预处理效果.结果表明,单纯超临界CO2和超临界CO2偶合超声预处理都能够提高生物质水解反应还原糖产量.对于玉米芯,超临界CO2预处理(170℃,20 MPa,3 0min)后,还原糖产率为62%(未预处理的为12%).对于玉米秸秆(170℃,20 MPa,2.5 h),还原糖产率为46.4%.对于玉米芯,超临界CO2偶合超声预处理(600 W,80℃下超声处理6 h,然后用170℃,20 MPa超临界CO2预处理30 min)后,还原糖产率为87%.对于玉米秸秆,超临界CO2偶合超声预处理(600 W,80℃下超声处理8 h,然后用170℃,20 MPa超临界CO2预处理1 h)后,还原糖产率为25.5%.与未处理生物质相比,X射线衍射结果表明玉米秸秆和玉米芯在超临界CO2和超声预处理后其结晶度没有明显变化.扫描电镜分析则发现木质纤维素的表面积显著增加. 相似文献
4.
Ultrasound (US) can be used to disrupt microcrystalline cellulose to give nanofibers via ultrasonic cavitation. Sodium percarbonate (SP), consisting of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide, generates highly reactive radicals, which cause oxidative delignification. Here, we describe a novel pretreatment technique using a combination of US and SP (US–SP) for the efficient saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose in lignocellulosic corn stover. Although US–SP pretreatment was conducted under mild condition (i.e., at room temperature and atmospheric pressure), the pretreatment greatly increased lignin removal and cellulose digestibility. We also determined the optimum US–SP treatment conditions, such as ultrasonic power output, pretreatment time, pretreatment temperature, and SP concentration for an efficient cellulose saccharification. Moreover, xylose could be effectively recovered from US–SP pretreated biomass without the formation of microbial inhibitor furfural. 相似文献
5.
为了解堆肥中有效磷供应状况,采用碳酸氢钠浸提-连续流动分析法测定园艺植物堆肥中有效磷的含量。通过对样品前处理条件、仪器参数进行优化,确定了提取时间45 min,料液比1∶60,吸样时间35 s,清洗时间60 s,去离子水作为基线液。标准曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.999,精密度好;检出限为0.008 mg/L;与手动法相比,连续流动分析法自动化程度高,而且对环境和人均友好。 相似文献
6.
7.
Donghui Wang Zhengping Hao Daiyun Cheng Xicheng Shi Chun Hu 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2003,200(1-2):229-238
Composite oxide MOx/Al2O3 supported gold catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation were prepared and investigated. The presence of transition metal oxide was proved to be beneficial to the improvement of catalytic performance of Au/Al2O3 catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation. Furthermore, the influence of various pretreatment conditions on Au/MOx/Al2O3 catalysts was studied carefully. The image of TEM showed that gold catalyst with small gold particles only in the form of a fine dispersion exhibited highly catalytic activity. The XPS, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy characterization results of Au/FeOx/Al2O3 catalyst showed that gold catalysts having partially oxidized gold species have the best catalytic performance. One possible pathway for CO oxidation on Au/FeOx/Al2O3 catalyst is that the CO adsorbed on gold particles reacts with adsorbed oxygen, which is possible to occur on oxygen vacancies on the support or at the metal–support interface. 相似文献
8.
Converse A. O. Kwarteng I. K. Grethlein H. E. Ooshima H. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1989,(1):63-78
The results of an experimental study of the acid hydrolysis of hardwood are presented in the form of values for the three
parameters, activation energy, power on the acid concentration, and pre-exponen-tial factor, of the first order kinetic constants
for each of the following reaction participants: xylan remaining, glucan remaining, xylose formed, and xylose decomposed.
These are used as a base for a quantitative theory to predict the temperature, time, and acid concentrations needed for effective
pretreatment of the substrate for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the glucan. This theory is based on the assumption that
successful pretreatment requires >90% removal of the xylan, <10% removal of the glucan, and >80% xylose yield. This theory
is compared with selected published data. 相似文献
9.
在酸性水溶液中(pH=2.0),采用电化学还原(ER)方法对BiVO4薄膜电极进行预处理,并探讨了其对薄膜电极光电化学氧化水性能的影响.结果表明,这种预处理可显著提高电极的光电化学氧化水的性能,且具有良好的光电化学稳定性.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、荧光光谱、电化学阻抗谱及Mott-Schottky等方法对ER处理前后的电极进行了表征.结果表明,ER预处理使电极粗糙度增大,表面积增大约1.4倍;电极材料的晶型无明显变化,但V—O对称伸缩振动略有红移;表面Bi,V和O结合能变小,Bi3+部分被还原,Bi/V原子比增大;ER处理导致电极平带电位负移,光生载流子在薄膜电极/溶液界面转移速率加快,表面复合速率降低.这些变化和表面积增加是BiVO4电极光电化学性能提高的主要原因. 相似文献
10.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定记号笔笔芯和墨水中铜和铬 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
段旭川 《光谱学与光谱分析》2006,26(7):1342-1344
报道了使用ICP-AES测定记号笔芯和墨水中的铜和铬的方法。 主要关注了不同的样品前处理方法的研究。 结果表明: 对标记用的油性记号笔笔芯和含有高分子树脂的墨水, 采用550 ℃灰化, 混合酸(VHNO3∶VHClO4=3∶1)溶解的方法处理样品, 是该类样品比较好的处理方法; 而对不含有高分子树脂的墨水, 采用直接用混合酸(VHNO3∶VHClO4=3∶1)的消解即可。 消解后的样品经稀酸酸化后, 采用ICP-AES测定铜和铬, 结果准确、稳定。该方法适合记号笔或墨水中元素的测定。 相似文献