Natural Antioxidants,Tyrosinase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Cercis glabra Leaves

Cercis glabra is a plant belonging to the legume family, whose flowers and barks are commonly used as food and traditional Chinese medicines. However, its leaves are usually disposed of as wastes. This research comprehensively investigated the bioactive constituents of C. glabra leaves, and two new phenolic, ceroffesters A-B (1–2) and thirteen known compounds (3–15) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (1D NMR and 2D NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS), optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All of them were assessed for their antioxidant activities through ABTS, DPPH and PTIO methodologies, and evaluated for inhibitory activities against two enzymes (mushroom tyrosinase and acetylcholinesterase). As a result, compounds 3–6, 10 and 13 exhibited evident antioxidant activities. Meanwhile, compounds 5, 10 and 13 showed the most potent tyrosinase inhibitory activities, with IC₅₀ of 0.64, 0.65 and 0.59 mM, and compared with the positive control of 0.63 mM (kojic acid). In the initial concentration of 1 mg/mL, compounds 3, 5 and 6 demonstrated moderate inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase with 85.27 ± 0.06%, 83.65 ± 0.48% and 82.21 ± 0.09%, respectively, compared with the positive control of 91.17 ± 0.23% (donepezil). These bioactive components could be promising antioxidants, tyrosinase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.     

Three new compounds from Sarcandra glabra

One new sesquiterpene lactone,1 α,8 α,9 α-trihydroxyeudesman-3(4),7(11)-dien-8 β,12-olide(1) and two new phenylpropanoidsubstituted catechin glycosides,glabraoside C(2) and glabraoside D(3) were isolated from the whole plant of Sarcandra glabra. Their structures were established by the analyses of spectral and chemical evidences.     

油楠树脂油化学成分的研究

采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱(CGC-MS)联用技术对油楠树脂油的化学成分进行研究,共分离出42个峰,并确认了其中39种成分,占总油量的94.31%。分离出的主要成分为蓖麻油酸(17.91%);7,7,8,8-四甲基二环[4.2.0]辛烷-1(6),3-二烯-2,5-二酮(7.60%);1,2-二乙基-3,4-二甲基-苯(6.70%);1,2,6,6-四甲基-1,3-环己二烯(5.35%);n-棕榈酸(4.47%);1,3,4-三甲基-3-环己烯-1-甲醛(4.17%)。     

肿节风的表面增强拉曼光谱检测

提出一种基于表面增强拉曼光谱的中药材肿节风饮片的检测方法。采用柠檬酸三钠还原硝酸银制备银溶胶,以银胶纳米粒子为增强基底测得肿节风茎切片的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。发现银胶直接作用于药材表面的SERS信号明显增强,肿节风茎切片SERS光谱中在637,1 176,1 309,1 476,1 612 cm^-1处都可观察到明显的拉曼特征峰。通过一阶导数拉曼光谱分析技术和对照品异嗪皮啶谱峰指认,可将获得的SERS峰位分别归属于吡喃酮环、甲氧基和酚羟基分子结构。研究结果表明,SERS技术可为肿节风和其他中草药的生产和质量监控提供一种快速、方便和直接的检测方法。     

Efficient separation of high‐purity compounds from Oxytropis falcata using two‐dimensional preparative chromatography

The separation of high‐purity compounds from traditional Tibetan medicines plays an important role in investigating their bioactivity. Nevertheless, it is often quite difficult to isolate compounds with high purity because of the complexity of traditional Tibetan medicines. In this work, an offline two‐dimensional reversed‐phase preparative method was successfully developed for the separation of high‐purity compounds from Oxytropis falcata . Based on the analysis results, an ODS C18 prep column was used for first‐dimensional preparation, and 14.8 g of the crude sample was separated into five fractions with a recovery of 74.6%. Then, an XAqua C18 prep column was used to isolate high‐purity compounds in the second‐dimensional preparation because its separation selectivity is different with the ODS C18 stationary phase. As a result, eight compounds in the crude sample were isolated in more than 98% purity. This is the first report of trans‐cinnamic acid ( 1 ) and trifolirhizin ( 2 ) from Oxytropis falcata . This method has the potential to be an efficient separation method of high‐purity compounds from Oxytropis falcata and it shows great promise for the separation of high‐purity compounds from complex samples.     

Sarcaglarols A—D,Lindenane−Monoterpene Heterodimers from Sarcandra glabra Based on Molecular Networks

Sarcaglarols A—D ( 1 — 4 ), two pairs of lindenane?monoterpene heterodimers fused by a 1,2‐dioxane moiety, were discovered and isolated from the leaves of Sarcandra glabra guided by MS/MS molecular networking‐based strategy. Their planar structures, absolute configurations of basic skeleton and flexible polyhydric side chain were established by analysis of HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic data, ECD spectrum, and the X‐ray diffraction study of isopropylidene derivatives. An intermolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition may play a key role in the biosynthesis pathway of the 1,2‐dioxane moiety fused lindenane?monoterpene heterodimer skeleton, which can be recognized as the biogenetic precursors of our previous reported lindenane?normonoterpene conjugates. In addition, compounds 1 , 3 and 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects of lipid accumulation in free fatty acid‐exposed L02 cells.     

Efficacy and safety of Stephania glabra: an alkaloid-rich traditional medicinal plant

Stephania glabra (Roxb.) Miers (Menispermaceae) has long been used for the treatment of asthma, tuberculosis, dysentery, hyperglycaemia, cancer, fever, intestinal complaints, sleep disturbances and inflammation in many Asian countries. It mainly contains alkaloids and, until now, over 30 alkaloids such as bisbenzylisoquinolines, hasubanalactams, berberines and aporphines have been isolated from its tuber. Most of its traditional medicinal activities are scientifically approved by various in vitro and in vivo studies. It shows remarkable anti-psychotic, anti-diabetic, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial and anti-hypertensive activities. This work includes comprehensive information on the ethnobotany, chemistry and pharmacology of S. glabra. This review also focuses on the future perspectives with main emphasis on the establishment of therapeutic index and safety index of the plant. This review concludes that S. glabra has a great potential to treat various diseases, and could be used as a source for novel healthcare products in the near future, which needs further studies.     

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Oxytropis Glabra DC (I)

Two new triterpenoid sapon.ins 1 and 2 were isolated from the crude saponin extract of Oxytropis glabra DC by Si gel chromato-grapny . Saponins 1 and 2 were determined to be 3-0-1 β-D-glucopyranosy 1 (1-2)- β -D-glucuronopyranosyl azukisapogenol methyl ester and 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 - 2 ) - β -D-glucuronopyranosyl] azukisapogenol amide, respectively by spectral analysis and chemical methods.     

黄花棘豆化学成分的研究（Ⅲ）

从黄花棘豆总皂苷的酸水解产物中分离出两种三萜皂苷元Ⅰ和Ⅱ,总皂苷经反复柱层析又得一微量三萜皂苷Ⅲ.本文报道它们的结构鉴定以及Ⅰ和Ⅱ的有关化学转变,用~(13)C NMR技术指定了Ⅰ和Ⅱ的~(13)C NMR信号.     

Novel Evidence-Based Combination of Plant Extracts with Multitarget Mechanisms of Action for the Elimination of Hot Flashes during Menopause

Hot flashes are considered the most bothersome complaint during menopause. Although hormone therapy is an effective option to relieve hot flashes, it has been associated with significant side effects. The aim of our study is to suggest a novel combination of different plant extracts with distinct mechanisms of action against hot flashes. We selected the rhizome of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Fabaceae), the rhizome of Actaea racemosa L. (Ranunculaceae), the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) to produce extracts rich in bioactive phytochemicals and the seed oil of Oenothera biennis L. (Onagraceae). We investigated their estrogenic and antioxidant potential and their inhibitory effect against prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 (DP1) as a novel mechanistic pathway for vasodilation in hot flashes, alone or in combination. The phytochemical footprint of the extracts was analyzed using HPLC-PDA and UPLC-HRMS. We observed that the tested extracts possess different mechanisms of action. A. racemosa exerts a beneficial activation of the estrogen receptor, H. perforatum possesses the highest antioxidant capacity and the seed oil of O. biennis inhibits the DP1 receptor. The triple combination in the optimal doses pertains to efficacy against all three mechanisms of action, serves as a multitarget plant-based therapy and could serve as a novel strategy for the alleviation of hot flashes in postmenopausal women.