640 × 512 pixel narrow-band, four-band, and broad-band quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane arrays

A 9 μm cutoff 640 × 512 pixel hand-held quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) camera has been demonstrated with excellent imagery. A noise equivalent differential temperature (NEDT) of 10.6 mK is expected at a 65 K operating temperature with f/2 optics at a 300 K background. This focal plane array has shown background limited performance at a 72 K operating temperature with the same optics and background conditions. In this paper, we discuss the development of this very sensitive long-wavelength infrared camera based on a GaAs/AlGaAs QWIP focal plane array and its performance in quantum efficiency, NEDT, uniformity, and operability. In the second section of this paper, we discuss the first demonstration of a monolithic spatially separated four-band 640 × 512 pixel QWIP focal plane array and its performance. The four spectral bands cover 4–5.5, 8.5–10, 10–12, and 13.5–15 μm spectral regions with 640 × 128 pixels in each band. In the last section, we discuss the array performance of a 640 × 512 pixel broad-band (10–16 μm full-width at half-maximum) QWIP focal plane.     

New 1,3,5-triphenyl-2-pyrazoline-containing 3-hydroxychromones as highly solvatofluorochromic ratiometric polarity probes

Two novel 1,3,5-triphenyl-2-pyrazoline moiety containing derivatives of 3-hydroxychromone were synthesized and studied by ¹H NMR, absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The prospects of practical application of these compounds exhibiting high solvatofluorochromism into analytical chemistry and biophysics as effective ratiometric polarity probes were discussed proceeding from the data on their fluorescent properties.     

Nonmagnetic impurity effects and neutron scattering spectrum in iron pnictides

We study the effect of local impurity and the neutron scattering spectrum based on the five-orbital model obtained by the first principle calculation for iron pnictides. We find that the interband impurity scattering is induced by the complex multiorbital structure. This fact means that the fully-gapped sign-reversing s-wave state, which is predicted by spin-fluctuation theories, is very fragile against impurities. The result suggests a reasonable possibility that the fully-gapped s-wave state without sign reversal (s₊₊-wave) would be realized in dirty iron pnictides. We also find that broad peak structure observed in the neutron scattering measurements can be explained by the s₊₊-wave state.     

空中目标多波段红外辐射特性描述与仿真分析

针对空中目标在复杂背景下的探测需求,根据实际目标的运动特性,分析目标在飞行高度、飞行姿态角改变时的辐射特点,基于MODTRAN计算得到大气辐射和衰减数据,建立目标的三维模型、热辐射和反射模型,搭建空中目标的红外成像仿真系统.分析和仿真结果表明:在中波波段,目标尾焰的红外辐射比蒙皮强很多,在长波波段,蒙皮的红外辐射比较强,仿真图像的细节比较多,尾焰的红外辐射虽然有所减弱,红外成像效果依旧很好;相同探测条件下,由于位置越高大气越稀薄,探测器的可探测距离会变得比较远.目标红外辐射特性的分析和红外仿真系统的搭建对缩短红外探测器的研制周期和进一步确定探测器波段和系统分辨率等指标提供了参考依据.     

多波段微量TNT成像探测的数值分析和实验研究

建立了CO2激光器辐照微量爆炸物温升分布三维模型,对激光辐照过程和冷却过程中8~14μm和3~5μm波段内的目标表面辐射温度变化特性分别进行分析.利用设计的探测系统对目标进行初步探测,用8~14μm和3~5μm热像设备对目标进行观察分析.研究表明:在10.6μm激光照射过程中,8~14μm波段内沾有TNT目标的辐射温度分别由TNT、基底在8~14μm波段的发射率和对激光辐照的反射率共同决定;在3~5μm内目标辐射温度主要由TNT、基底在3~5μm波段的自身发射率决定.在探测过程中,8~14μm波段内沾染TNT区域的辐射温度明显高于周围区域,而在3~5μm波段内,目标表面辐射温度整体下降,并且沾染区域的辐射温度变得低于周围.     

电激励红外多波段化学激光器中稀释剂注入方式对激光输出的影响

 以DF为例,在一台单放电管电激励红外多波段激光器上测试了两种稀释剂注入方式下激光器的输出特性。激光器输出功率、模式分布、光谱分布的测量结果表明,在常规注氦方式下,在放电管末端引入一路氦气可以增加功率输出,拉长顺流增益区长度,加强高振动能级间的跃迁。经分析原因可能在于F原子壁面复合损失的减少、增益区流速的增加以及去激活效应的减弱。     

尿微量白蛋白的多波段多光程光谱检测

为研究多光程光谱法检测尿微量白蛋白含量的可行性,利用多光程光谱的非线性特性,设计自动微位移测量装置,实现对尿液样品可见波段和近红外波段的多光程(0～4.0 mm)光谱快速采集.采用偏最小二乘法,分别对样本的可见波段、近红外波段、可见-近红外双波段的多光程吸收谱与尿液中白蛋白实际含量建立回归模型,其中,可见-近红外双波段...     

Towards dualband megapixel QWIP focal plane arrays

Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) and long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) 1024 × 1024 pixel quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal planes have been demonstrated with excellent imaging performance. The MWIR QWIP detector array has demonstrated a noise equivalent differential temperature (NEΔT) of 17 mK at a 95 K operating temperature with f/2.5 optics at 300 K background and the LWIR detector array has demonstrated a NEΔT of 13 mK at a 70 K operating temperature with the same optical and background conditions as the MWIR detector array after the subtraction of system noise. Both MWIR and LWIR focal planes have shown background limited performance (BLIP) at 90 K and 70 K operating temperatures respectively, with similar optical and background conditions. In addition, we have demonstrated MWIR and LWIR pixel co-registered simultaneously readable dualband QWIP focal plane arrays. In this paper, we will discuss the performance in terms of quantum efficiency, NEΔT, uniformity, operability, and modulation transfer functions of the 1024 × 1024 pixel arrays and the progress of dualband QWIP focal plane array development work.     

基于波段带宽的谱段测温的优化测量分析

基于窄波段内普适性的线性发射率模型,采用具有Gauss分布的传感器设计,将三波长(单色)辐射温度测量拓展到三波段(谱段)辐射温度测量,提出了使测量具有最佳温度分辨精度的优化准则。讨论优化测量的主要方式是通过改变Gauss分布的半宽度,实现从单色测量到谱段测量的逐渐递进,因而优化分析从传统的分析波长选择上,过渡到分析波段带宽的选择上。对于特定的辐射情形,依据优化准则,数值模拟结果给出了最佳温度分辨精度的波段带宽(即Gauss分布半宽度)分布。最优半宽度的分析表明,单色辐射测量往往并非是最优测量,文章的分析将给辐射优化测量提供重要的理论指导。