Infrared detection of a planet next to a bright star

Humans have always dreamt about the possibility of existence of planets in solar systems other than our own. After flying by, dropping probes, and even landing devices on most planets within our own solar system, the search for extra-solar planet is included in every proposal to either build a larger and better earth-, space-, or moon-based telescope, or observatory facility. The preliminary analysis seems to indicate that wavelength band from 25 μm to 30 μm is most promising in solving this problem. A number of IR technological challenges are to be overcome before the actual detection system can even be considered in a detailed design. The significant technical challenges of finding a planet will be described. Then details are given on the feasibility of detecting a planet with an instrument concept designed specifically for this purpose, a space-based, rotating rotationally shearing interferometer.     

A novel frame shift and integral technique for processing low-light-level moving image sequence

A new method for processing low-light-level moving image sequence is proposed, in which (1) a novel algorithm based on difference processing has been firstly developed to determine the motion parameters of moving image sequence, (2) the spatial relativity of the frames within moving image sequence can be then well established after frame shifting according to motion parameters obtained above, (3) finally, frame integration method can be applied to each processed frame, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of low-light-level moving image sequence. Experiments have been carried out to verify the validity of the proposed method, which show that the parameters obtained by the developed algorithm coincide well with the actual values, and the SNRs of the moving image sequences were effectively increased with the proposed method, indicating that the method offers significant advantages in the enhancement of low-light-level moving image sequence.     

微光图象光子计数器象管光子增益测试研究

本文介绍了微光图象光子计数器象管的主要构成及其与常规二代微光象增强器的区别.在论述单通道光子计数技术原理的基础上,提出了微光图象光子计数器象管的主要参数-光子增益的测试原理和方法,建立了测试系统.对微光图象光子计数器象管的光子增益进行了实测,并将测试结果与常规二代微光象增强器的亮度增益进行了比较,给出了光子增益的估算公式.     

无限远微光瞄具目标模拟发生装置研究

根据射手夜间瞄准射击时实际夜天光环境下景物反射的光照度值,计算出进入微光瞄准镜入瞳处的光照度值,以此照度值设计了双积分球照明模式的无限远微光瞄具目标模拟发生装置.根据积分球原理在双积分球之间设置有可变光阑,根据检测系统要求为微光夜视仪提供了四档可切换的微光照度环境.为保证在实验检测过程中待测瞄具能接收到光源出射的最大光照度,分析了待测瞄具距离平行光管的实际安装位置,得出影响待测瞄具入瞳处光照度值的三个关键因素为大小积分球之间可变光阑的口径、平行光管的视场及被测瞄具距离平行光管物镜的安装位置.最后,对积分球出射窗口处光照度,以及经过无限远目标模拟发生装置后出射的光照度值进行分析计算与实验测量,结果表明光照度不均匀度＜2％,满足应用要求.     

一种基于室温工作的量子点光电探测器的微光读出和应用研究

针对量子点光电探测器线列进行微光检测研究,量子点探测器采用AlAs/GaAs/AlAs双势垒结构,GaAs宽阱中分别有一个InAs量子点(QDs)和In_0.15Ga_0.85As量子阱(QW),建立一个简单的器件模型进行分析。常温下,在632.8 nm He-Ne激光照射下,当光功率为 0.01 pW时,器件偏压-0.5 V,积分时间80.2 μs,电压响应率达到7.0×1011 V·W-1,具有非常高的灵敏度,这种光电探测器在300 K温度下可以探测光功率小于10-14 W极弱光。以这种量子点光电探测器为核心研制的高灵敏度光谱仪和分子超光谱系统结合对生物组织样本进行检测,研制了一种图谱相互验证,互为校正的生物组织光谱测量系统。     

微光电视成像系统表征方法

 在分析微光电视成像系统的基础上，提出了适用于微光电视成像系统仿真所用的微光场景图像数据的要求及生成方法；针对第二代近贴聚焦系统和第三代像增强系统，建立了微光电视成像系统的能量增益理论模型；引入３维噪声理论模型表征了微光成像系统的噪声；最后，提出了微光电视图像噪声抑制算法的评价方法。仿真结果表明：经微光系统传递后，图像中的高频信息变模糊，加入噪声后，信噪比降低；而经过5帧平均算法后的图像质量明显改善，对比度增加。     

电子倍增CCD噪声特性研究

讨论了电子倍增CCD的噪音组成及各自的产生机理,在此基础上建立了电子倍增CCD的总噪音理论模型.按照信号倍增过程的随机性,推导了电子倍增CCD的过剩噪音因子并求出了增益趋向无穷大时的极限值.对电子倍增CCD相机进行了噪音测试,采集了不同增益下噪音的输出波形和频谱图.根据增益和噪音电压的函数曲线,结合理论模型对不同增益下的噪音组成进行了定性分析.结果表明：低增益时,电子倍增CCD主要受限于读出噪音,高增益时则为暗电流噪音和时钟感生电荷.