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Seiya Uyeda Atsumi Kumamoto 《Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences》2004,80(3):140
Kushida and Kushida found that FM radio waves from stations at distances over-the-horizon are received before earthquakes. Based on this finding, since the mid-1990’s, the Kushidas have been practicing “Earthquake Precursor Detection Experiment”. The performance of the Kushida method during 2000–2003 has been evaluated by checking their predictions against the actual seismicity. During the period, there were 92 Kushida predictions mentioning the possibility of M ≥ 5.5 event, whereas there were 49 M ≥ 5.5 earthquakes in the Japanese region. If the criteria for successful prediction are set as: the errors in date is less than one day, epicentral position is roughly within specified area, and error in M is less than 0.5, the success rate was 20% and the alarm rate was 12%. If we relax the criteria to: the errors in dates within 10 days, epicenter within additional 100 km of specified area and the magnitude error less than 1.0, the success rate was 40% and the alarm rate was 27%. These rates may look insufficient for a practical prediction method. Considering, however, the fact that no other short-term prediction has ever been made in Japan so far it is a significant achievement. Moreover, it was found that in almost all failed predictions, meaningful signals were detected although the interpretations were incorrect. This indicates that the method is promising provided further investigation is carried out. The same evaluation at the M ≥ 6.0 level showed that the general performance was similar to the M ≥ 5.5 level, except that both success rate and alarm rate were lower at the M ≥ 6.0 level. If this unexpected finding is real, it might be inherent to the methodology using scattering of short-wave length radio waves as suggested by M. Hayakawa and may contain important information in understanding the earthquake physics and LAI-coupling. The results of the present study indicate strongly that the earthquake prediction research using anomalous transmission of VHF FM radio waves should be enhanced in parallel with complementary research in other frequency ranges. 相似文献
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《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(4):4895-4903
The CaCu3Mn4O12 (CCMO) ceramic was successfully synthesized through the chemical route. The phase formation was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. Thermogravimetric (TGA), FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, and XPS analysis were performed for investigation of the thermal behavior, phase identification, microstructural analysis, elemental analysis and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic respectively. FT-IR spectra confirmed the existence of MnO6 octahedral in body-centered cubic (BCC) complex perovskite oxide that resembles the CaCu3Ti4O12 structure. The average particle size was observed by TEM in the range between 100 and 200 nm. AFM shows the average roughness of the surface was found to be in the range of 30 ± 5 nm. XPS and EDX studies confirmed the purity and oxidation state of the CCMO ceramic. The synthesized material shows very interesting unique Griffith’s phase (TG) results that arise disorder in magnetic susceptibility in which ferromagnetic transition was to be observed in the paramagnetic region. 相似文献
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The structure dependence of exchange bias in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic (FM/AF) bilayers has been investigated in detail by extending Slonczewski's 'proximity magnetism' idea. Here three important parameters are discussed for FM/AF bilayers, i.e. interracial bilinear exchange coupling J1, interracial biquadratic (spin-flop) exchange coupling J2 and antiferromagnetic layer thickness tAF. The results show that both the occurrence and the variety of the exchange bias strongly depend on the above parameters. More importantly, the small spin-flop exchange coupling may result in an exchange bias without the interracial bilinear exchange coupling. However, in general, the spin-flop exchange coupling cannot result in the exchange bias. The corresponding critical parameters in which the exchange bias will occur or approach saturation are also presented. 相似文献
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The coexistence of radar-sensing and communication systems research has received a surge of interest in recent times to tackle the issue of spectrum inadequacy. Designing an optimized radar waveform for a coexistence scenario has been a challenging task for accomplishing the convergence of radar-sensing and communication functionalities, without degrading the performance at either end. This paper proposes a novel global optimization-based Spatial Branch and Bound (SBnB) approach to optimize the phase coefficients of a Non-Linear Frequency Modulated (NLFM) waveform in a CRCS framework. In addition, the Modified-Power Ratio Constraint-Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (M-PRC-CRLB), a local optimization-based approach is proposed to optimize the phase coefficients of an NLFM waveform. The spectral energy distribution and auto-correlation characteristics of an NLFM waveform are comprehensively investigated for various values of polynomial order (N) and at different threshold Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) values. To compare the proposed waveform design approaches (M-PRC-CRLB, SBnB) with the existing waveform design approaches namely, Minimum Estimation Error Variance (MEEV) and PRC- CRLB, a Peak-to-Side-Lobe-Ratio (PSLR), and Integrated-Side-Lobe-Ratio (ISLR) are evaluated at various polynomial orders and threshold SNR values. Furthermore, the performance of a CRCS is assessed using the radar estimation rate and communication data rate. The simulation results reveal that the proposed optimized radar waveform design approaches provide improved performance compared to the existing radar waveform design approaches in terms of radar estimation rate. Further, the proposed global optimization-based SBnB approach achieves a comparable performance of the communication data rate. In addition, the proposed approaches accomplish enhanced spectral utilization, controlled side-lobe energy levels, reduced range-domain ambiguities, and a higher information rate in a CRCS. 相似文献
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Han Liubing 《数学季刊》1996,(1)
FM Space Depend on Operator T and the Normal Solvability of Operator Polynomial P(T)FMSpaceDependonOperatorTandtheNormalSolva... 相似文献
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A series of (1 ? x)La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/(x)BaTiO3 composites has been synthesized by the solid state route. Microstructural and transport studies on these samples show a complete immiscibility between metallic ferromagnet, La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) and insulating ferroelectric, BaTiO3 (BTO). Temperature dependent electrical transport studies show evidence of both intrinsic and extrinsic colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effects. Inclusion of BTO in LCMO phase results in high resistive samples with a metal-insulator transition at temperature Tp 1 originating from intrinsic effect and another dominant metal-insulator transition at temperature Tp 2 caused because of extrinsic effect. Tp 2 decreases up to a certain percentage of BTO content above which this trend of variation is reversed. 相似文献
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具有反铁磁相互作用的双铁磁链中的非线性激发 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
采用双子格模型和相干态表示,研究了链与链之间存在反铁磁相互作用的双铁磁链系统中的非线性激发的性质,得到了孤子的宽度,能量及有效质量。结果表明在不同情况下的各向异性双铁磁链中可以激发拓扑性孤子或非拓性孤子或非拓生反孤子。 相似文献
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基于Bogoliubov-de Gennes方程和Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk理论研究了三维拓扑绝缘体基铁磁/各向异性f-波超导隧道结的Andreev反射,其中f-波超导体选取f1和f2-波两种配对势.研究发现,对于f1和f2波,铁磁体中的磁能隙可以增强传统的Andreev逆向反射,但对Andreev镜面反射有抑制作用;但随着施加在超导体顶部电极上的栅极电位的增加,两种类型的反射都会增强.通过改变磁能隙,可以调节两种反射在准粒子输运过程中占有优势的程度.这些结果提供了一种实验检测拓扑绝缘体薄膜中镜面Andreev反射的方法.此外,隧穿电导和散粒噪声谱的差异可用于区分f1和f2波配对势. 相似文献