凤仙花不同提取物中山奈酚的测定

为寻求有效的山奈酚分离、纯化条件,并从凤仙花中提取山奈酚;分别采用不同溶剂和不同方法对凤仙花红色花瓣进行了提取,并利用高效液相色谱法对其主成分进行了测定;实验结果表明: 9种提取物中均含有山奈酚,乙酸乙酯提取物中山奈酚的含量最高: 1 g凤仙花红色花瓣的乙酸乙酯提取液中含有8.1 mg的山奈酚.     

A liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometric (LC‐APPI‐MS/MS) method for the determination of triterpenoids in medicinal plant extracts

An analytical method using liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometry with toluene as a dopant was developed for the determination of triterpenes in medicinal plant extracts. The 12 compounds determined have been shown to exhibit biological activity, such as gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral and anti‐tumor effects. The parameters of the atmospheric pressure photoionization interface were optimized to obtain the highest possible sensitivity for all of the compounds. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.4 to 157.9 µg l^?1 and 1.3 to 526.4 µg l^?1, respectively. The method was validated and applied to extracts of five medicinal plants species (Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry, Bauhinia variegata var variegata, Bauhinia variegata var alboflava, Cecropia obtuse Trécul and Cecropia palmate Willd) from the Amazonian region. The concentrations of the six triterpenes quantified in the samples ranged from 0.424 mg kg^?1 for ursolic acid to 371.96 mg kg^?1 for β‐amyrin, which were quantified by using the standard addition method (n = 3). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于XRD和FTIR的香樟木质部提取物处理材褐腐的光谱学分析

植物源防腐剂因其环保、广谱、高效等特点越来越受到木材防腐行业的重视,从微观层面探索香樟提取物影响木材腐朽的机理是发展利用植物源防腐剂的重要基础。试验采用香樟木质部的四种溶剂提取物、ACQ及樟脑配制成防腐剂进行防腐试验,结果表明:10%浓度的香樟木质部甲醇提取物以及4%浓度的ACQ处理试件均达到I级强耐腐水平,4%樟脑、10%香樟乙酸乙酯和10%丙酮提取物处理的试件达到Ⅱ级耐腐水平。通过XRD对比发现结晶区2θ衍射强度由大到小的顺序为:10%蒸馏水提取物处理材、马尾松素样、10%丙酮提取物处理材、10%甲醇提取物处理材、10%乙酸乙酯提取物处理材,四种香樟木质部提取物的防腐效果与相对结晶度大小呈正相关。通过FTIR研究发现表征纤维素和半纤维素的特征峰值越低,则被降解的量也越大,相对应的防腐剂防腐效果越差。处理试件中表征木质素的一系列特征峰峰高与未处理材相比有所升高。香樟甲醇提取物以及ACQ处理试件的I1 510/I1 738,I1 510/I1 374,I1 510/I1 160的比值最小,证明褐腐菌对其综纤维素的降解能力最弱,防腐效果最好。     

鹅绒藤地上部分的化学成分

研究鹅绒藤地上部分水提物的化学成分.应用硅胶柱层析技术,薄层层析技术,凝胶柱层析技术,重结晶技术进行分离纯化以及应用MS,NMR技术进行结构鉴定.分离得到4个化合物,分别为A:7-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷,B:正三十三烷醇,C:正三十八烷,D:胡萝卜苷.化合物B,C,D为首次从该植物中...     

Fingerprint chromatogram analysis of extracts from the leaves of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. by high performance liquid chromatography

A simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the study of fingerprint chromatograms of extracts from the leaves of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. (TWHF) and for controlling the quality of the herb. HPLC separation of the extracts was performed on a Lichrospher RP-18 column and detected by ultraviolet absorbance at 210 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 35 degrees C. A mobile phase composed of acetonitrile:H2O in the ratio of 39:61 (v/v) was found to be most suitable for this separation at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min with isocratic elution. Under the chromatographic conditions described, the peak profile of the 10 components collected within 35 min made up the fingerprint of the extracts from leaves of TWHF with universal features. The fingerprint chromatograms had a good stability, precision, and reproducibility. The similarity of the extracts from leaves of TWHF collected in summer and winter was studied with triptolide as a reference peak. The method is suitable for differentiation of extracts from the leaves of TWHF, and can be used as a quality control method for this herb.     

丹参有效成分体外抗氧化活性比较

研究了丹参水溶性和脂溶性成分体外抗氧化活性。以既可以测定水溶性成分,又可以测定脂溶性成分抗氧化活性的DPPH(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)和TEAC(Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity)法来对丹参的两类主要有效成分进行抗氧化活性测定。采用紫外-可见分光光度法进行分析,以维生素C为阳性对照,首次进行了丹参水溶性和脂溶性成分体外抗氧化活性比较。结果表明:丹参的水溶性成分具有较好的清除DPPH·、ABTS+·(2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium+·)的活性,而脂溶性成分仅显示出很弱的清除DPPH·和ABTS+·的活性。     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from native plants in the Mexican desert

Several plants that are rich in polyphenolic compounds and exhibit biological properties are grown in the desert region of Mexico under extreme climate conditions. These compounds have been recovered by classic methodologies in these plants using organic solvents. However, little information is available regarding the use of alternative extraction technologies, such as ultrasound. In this paper, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters, such as the liquid:solid ratio, solvent concentration and extraction time, were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) for the extraction of polyphenols from desert plants including Jatropha dioica, Flourensia cernua, Turnera diffusa and Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Key process variables (i.e., liquid:solid ratio and ethanol concentration) exert the greatest influence on the extraction of all of the phenolic compounds (TPC) in the studied plants. The best conditions for the extraction of TPC involved an extraction time of 40 min, an ethanol concentration of 35% and a liquid:solid ratio ranging from 8 to 12 ml g⁻¹ depending on the plant. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the E. camaldulensis extracts. The results indicated the ability of UAE to obtain polyphenolic antioxidant preparations from desert plants.     

信阳红、绿茶提取物的抗氧化能力

以信阳红、绿茶为原料,水和95％的乙醇为提取溶剂,考察提取物对羟自由基（·OH）和超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）的清除作用.结果显示,两种溶剂红、绿茶提取物对两种自由基均有显著地清除作用,且红、绿茶水提取物对两种自由基的清除能力均高于乙醇提取物,两种溶剂红茶提取物对羟自由基（·OH）清除能力大于绿茶,绿茶乙醇提取物对超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）清除能力大于红茶.     

Blood chemical components analysis of honeysuckle and formulation of xanthan gum/starch-based (PVA-co-AA) hydrogels for controlled release

Honeysuckle is a commonly used Chinese medicine for treating intestinal inflammation and other diseases. Compounds that are absorbed into the blood produce pharmacodynamic effects. However, it is still unclear which compounds in honeysuckle are absorbed into the blood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the composition and in vivo absorption of active components in honeysuckle in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and develop a controlled release hydrogel system. UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS was used to determine the active ingredients of honeysuckle in vitro and in vivo. A total of 80, out of which 42 components were found to be absorbed into the blood, which includes flavonoids, iridoids, organic acids and other compounds. FTIR analysis confirmed crosslinking between hydrogel content and drug loading, and TGA and DSC analysis indicated a high thermal stability. XRD analysis showed a decrease in crystallinity following crosslinking, and SEM revealed an irregular and hard surface. The maximum swelling and drug release were observed at pH 7.4 as compared to pH 1.2. The identified blood components can be used to determine Q-markers, while the prepared hydrogels can serve as an effective and promising carrier for the controlled release of honeysuckle extracts.     

甘青铁线莲花不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化性比较

采用邻二氮菲-Fe²⁺氧化法,邻苯三酚自氧化法以及卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）过氧化体系,对甘青铁线莲花乙醚提取物、甲醇提取物、乙醇提取物和槲皮素的抗氧化活性进行测定和比较。结果表明,甘青铁线莲花不同溶剂提取物对不同的自由基清除作用差异较大。与槲皮素相比较,各提取物对超氧阴离子自由基（·O₂^-）清除的强弱为:槲皮素>乙醚提取物>乙醇提取物>甲醇提取物。对于羟基自由基（·OH）的清除能力乙醚提取物优于其他2种提取物,但低于槲皮素,对抑制卵黄脂蛋白脂质过氧化（LPO）作用的大小依次为乙醇提取物>槲皮素>乙醚提取物>甲醇提取物。因此,不同溶剂的提取物均具有一定的抗氧化性,其中乙醚提取物对几种自由基的清除作用相对较好,三种提取物对脂质过氧化物作用抑制最强,可以作为潜在的天然抗氧化剂开发利用。